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Eating disorders symptoms and excessive internet use in adolescents : the role of internalising and externalising problems
Get PDFBackground: Both eating disorders and excessive internet use represent significant health issues for contemporary adolescents. Yet, the link between them has seldom been investigated. We aim to study this association through their common underlying psychological factors: internalising problems and externalising problems. Methods: A representative sample of 7,083 adolescents (Mage = 13.48 years; SDage = 1.32; 50.3% girls) from Slovakia was obtained from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) project in 2018. Study variables included the Excessive Internet Use Scale (EIU) and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Eating disorders symptoms (EDS) were assessed by SCOFF and selected items from the Eating Disorder Screen for Primary Care (ESP). Data were analysed separately for boys and girls with Structural Equation Modelling. Results: There was a partial correlation between EDS and EIU (r = 0.36 for boys and r = 0.29 for girls) after controlling for the internalising and externalising of problems. Internalising and externalising problems were positively associated with EDS, while EIU was only associated with externalising problems. The results were comparable for both genders. Conclusion: The study provides evidence that, during adolescence, EDS and EIU are related and have a tendency to occur together. Also, they are related even when controlled for their shared underlying psychological factors, namely the emotional and attentional/behavioural difficulties
Education for Environmental Citizenship and Responsible Environmental Behaviour
Get PDFThe notion of Environmental Citizenship embodies behaviour – an actively involved citizen who exercises his/her environmental rights and obligations in the private and public spheres. Education for Environmental Citizenship implies behavioural change; its goal is to facilitate an individual’s intellectual growth (cognitive domain) and emotional capacity (affective domain) that may lead to a critical and actively engaged individual. Human behaviour is overwhelmingly sophisticated, and what shapes pro-environmental behaviour is complex and context specific. Furthermore, empirical research indicates a discrepancy between possessing environmental knowledge and environmentally supportive attitudes and behaving pro-environmentally. The point of departure of this chapter is that the social and psychological study of behaviour has much to inform the study of environmental behaviour and, deriving from this, to inform regarding the type of education towards behaviour/action in the goal of sustainable socioecological transformation. The chapter focuses on internal (psychosocial) factors. It presents selected models regarding factors influencing behavioural decisions that are acknowledged as influential theoretical frameworks for investigating pro-environmental behaviour, as well as various theories that inform these models. These are categorised into knowledge-based models; attitude-, value- and norm-oriented models; skills, self-efficacy and situational factors; and new approaches to environmental behaviour models. The chapter concludes with suggestions for Education for Environmental Citizenship deriving from the various models
On the Impact of Flow Monitoring Configuration
Get PDFFlow monitoring has become an essential source of information for intrusion detection systems and various forms of network data analytics. However, the attention of researchers is focused primarily on the utilisation of the flow data, and the process of flow data creation is often neglected. This lack of consideration negatively affects the results of data analytics. Either the results are suboptimal due to the low quality of the flow data, or a description of the configuration of the flow monitoring system is missing, which leads to irreproducible results. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate how the configuration of the flow monitoring system affects the resulting data. The most basic flow monitoring configuration variables are the flow expiration timeouts. We analyse their effect on the number of created flow records to show their importance. Moreover, we demonstrate that the choice of the flow expiration timeouts can have a severe impact on the network data analytics. The use-case of Slowloris attack detection is used as an example to illustrate this fact
Benefits and effectiveness of using a wrist heart rate monitor as a telerehabilitation device in cardiac patients A randomized controlled trial
Get PDFBackground: Telerehabilitation in cardiology has the potential to become the alternative to regular outpatient cardiac rehabilitation. Our study focuses on the wrist heart rate monitor as a telerehabilitation device, defines detected limitations, and compares results between home-based and regular outpatient rehabilitation methods, related to physical fitness, quality of life, and training adherence. The study design was a randomized controlled trial. Methods: Eligible 56 cardiac rehabilitation patients were randomized into a 12-week regular outpatient training group (ROT) and interventional home-based telerehabilitation group (ITG). For both groups, the intensity of the training was prescribed to be performed at 70% to 80% of heart rate reserve for 60 minutes, 3 times a week. The ITG patients started their training with a wrist heart rate monitor in their home environment. These patients received feedback once a week, reflecting data uploaded on the internet application. The ROT patients performed their exercise under the direct supervision of a physical specialist in a regular outpatient clinic. Physical fitness and health-related quality of life were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Training adherence in both groups was determined and compared. Results: Fifty-one patients comleted the intervention (91%); no serious adverse events were recorded. Physical fitness expressed as peak oxygen uptake showed significant improvement (P < .001) in ROT group from 23.4 +/- 3.3 to 25.9 +/- 4.1 mL/kg/min and (P < .01) in ITG group from 23.7 +/- 4.1 to 26.5 +/- 5.7 mL/kg/min without significant between-group differences after 12 weeks of intervention. The training adherence between groups was similar. Conclusion: Our study shows that telerehabilitation via wrist heart rate monitor could become an alternative kind of cardiac rehabilitation which deserves attention and further analyzing
The Czech Vienna School and the art of the ‘small people’
Get PDFMarta Filipová examines the discipline of art history in interwar Czechoslovakia and its Austro-Hungarian legacies, paying particular attention to questions of modernity, class, and folk art and design. The article focuses on the attitudes of the Vienna School’s followers to folk art and primarily examines the writings of the Czech art historians Zdeněk Wirth (1878-1961) and Antonín Matějček (1888-1950). Their attention to art created by ‘the small people’ of villages and the countryside had clear parallels in the theories of Alois Riegl. Both Czech art historians, however, developed Riegl’s views further. Aware of the impact of modernity and industrialisation on art production, they related folk art to a specific class and the social, economic and ethnic changes in the Czech lands in the first two decades of the twentieth century. The text therefore scrutinises their reasons for the continued concern with folk art in the light of the legacy of the Vienna School
Physical intervention as a means of increasing the condition of haemato-oncological survivors in subsequent care
No full textThe main aim of the interventional motion and respiratory programme is increasing fitness in hemato-oncological patients as well as cessation of their muscle mass loss as a result of their disease and treatment. Hemato-oncological diseases and their treatment bring a range of side effects that are caused by cardiac, neural, and pulmonary toxicity of the treatment, which has influence upon the decreasing quality of the patients´ lives. Studies indicate that physical exercise, especially of aerobic character, increase cardio-respiratory fitness, muscle strength, and physical well-being. The motion and respiratory interventional programme took place over a period of 6 months. It was divided into a 3 months respiratory training at home and a directed motion aerobic programme that took place 3 times a week for 60 minutes. The intensity of the exercise was set up individually on the level of the anaerobic threshold of each participant, which was ascertained on the basis of the initial performance test. The research sample were 16 people, mean age value was 53.31 years of age. The results of the performance tests after the motion and respiratory programme of the participants of the study showed improvements in the field of the participants´ aerobic capacity as well as in the field of sympto-vagal disbalance unfortunately without statistical significance. There is still an open scientific question regarding the most effective types of physical intervention in terms of their influence on the health of surviving hemato-oncological patients.Hlavním cílem intervenčního pohybového a respiračního programu je zvýšit kondici u hematoonkologických pacientů, stejně jako zmírnit ztráty svalové hmoty, které jsou důsledkem nemoci a léčby ovlivněny. Hematoonkologická onemocnění a jejich léčba přinášejí řadu vedlejších efektů. Například srdeční, nervová a plicní toxicita, způsobená léčbou, má vliv na snížení kvality života pacientů. Studie ukazují, že cvičení, zejména aerobního charakteru, zvyšuje srdeční respirační zdatnost, svalovou sílu a fyzickou pohodu. Náš pohybový a respirační intervenční program probíhal po dobu 6 měsíců. Byl rozdělen do 3 měsíčního respiračního tréninku doma a na aerobní program s řízeným pohybem, který se konal třikrát týdně po dobu 60 minut. Intenzita cvičení byla stanovena individuálně na úrovni anaerobního prahu každého účastníka, který byl zjištěn na základě počátečního testu výkonnosti. Výzkumný soubor tvořilo 16 osob, průměrný věk byl 53,31 let. Výsledky výkonnostních testů po pohybovém a respiračním programu účastníků studie ukázaly zlepšení v oblasti aerobní kapacity účastníků i v oblasti sympatovagové rovnováhy, bohužel bez statistické významnosti. Stále existuje nezodpovězená otázka týkající se nejúčinnějších typů fyzické intervence z hlediska jejich vlivu na zdraví hematoonkologických pacientů v následné péči
The populist challenge to the European Court of Human Rights
Get PDFThis article analyzes the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) from the perspective of the recent extraordinary wave of populism in Europe. It argues that populism poses a serious and distinctive challenge to the ECtHR since supranational judicial review is at odds with the populist ideology.This article analyzes the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) from the perspective of the recent extraordinary wave of populism in Europe. It argues that populism poses a serious and distinctive challenge to the ECtHR since supranational judicial review is at odds with the populist ideology
Accelerating Metric Filtering by Improving Bounds on Estimated Distances
Get PDFFiltering is a fundamental strategy of metric similarity indexes to minimise the number of computed distances. Given a triple of objects for which distances of two pairs are known, the lower and upper bounds on the third distance can be set as the difference and the sum of these two already known distances, due to the triangle inequality rule of the metric space. For efficiency reasons, the tightness of bounds is crucial, but as angles within triangles of distances can be arbitrary, the worst case with zero and straight angles must also be considered for correctness. However, in data of real-life applications, the distribution of possible angles is skewed and extremes are very unlikely to occur. In this paper, we enhance the existing definition of bounds on the unknown distance with information about possible angles within triangles. We show that two lower bounds and one upper bound on each distance exist in case of limited angles. We analyse their filtering power and confirm high improvements of efficiency by experiments on several real-life datasets
Identification of Interfunctional Coordination Items Important for Business Performance of SMEs
Get PDFThis paper provides a deeper analysis of the relationships between interfunctional coordination (IFC) and business performance (BP). IFC is studied in many fields such as marketing, management, logistics, informatics or human resources. The novelty lies in offering an original perspective on IFC and its impact on individual items of BP. The statistical analysis of the relationship between IFC and BP is based on a survey of small and medium-sized manufacturers. Sufficient models were identified by a stepwise backward procedure based on Akaike information criterion (AIC). The results show that it is possible to find a sufficient model for each item of BP. Sets of IFC items with exclusively positive or negative influence on at least two BP items were identified. These items of IFC are aimed on cooperative arrangement, expertise, leadership style, coordination activities and control. This research brings theoretical contributions and can be useful for managers
The Loss of Landscape Ecological Functionality in the Barcelona Province (1956-2009) : Could Land-Use History Involve a Legacy for Current Biodiversity?
Get PDFCould past land uses, and the land cover changes carried out, affect the current landscape capacity to maintain biodiversity? If so, knowledge of historical landscapes and their socio-ecological transitions would be useful for sustainable land use planning. We constructed a GIS dataset in 10 x 10 km UTM cells of the province of Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) for 1956 and 2009 with the changing levels of farming disturbance exerted through the human appropriation of photosynthetic net primary production (HANPP), and a set of landscape ecology metrics to assess the impacts of the corresponding land-use changes. Then, we correlated them with the spatial distribution of total species richness (including vascular plants, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals). The results allow us to characterize the main trends in changing landscape patterns and processes, and explore whether a land-use legacy of many complex agroforest mosaics maintained by the intermediate farming disturbance managed in 1956 could still exist, despite the decrease or disappearance of those mosaics before 2009 due to the combined impacts of agroindustrial intensification (meaning higher HANPP levels), forest transition (meaning lower HANPP levels) and urban sprawl. Statistical analysis reveals a positive impact of the number of larger, less disturbed forest patches, where many protected natural sites have been created in 1956-2009. However, it also confirms that this result has not only been driven by conservation policies and that the distribution of species richness is currently correlated with the maintenance of intermediate levels of HANPP. This suggests that both land-sharing and land-sparing approaches to biodiversity conservation may have played a synergistic role owing to the legacy of complex land cover mosaics of former agricultural landscapes that are now under a serious threat