Revistas Científicas de la Universidad de Deusto
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The influence of remote learning environment and use of technology on university students’ behavioural engagement in contingency online learning
No full textThe shift of instruction imposed on higher education institutions by the pandemic-related restrictions bolstered the interest in students’ online class participation. This study investigates university students’ engagement in remote foreign language classes during the COVID-19 lockdown. While engagement is a multi-faceted construct, we only aim to explore its behavioural dimension. The authors felt compelled to acknowledge and comprehend their students’ behaviour in contingency online learning (COL). Through a qualitatively oriented exploratory case study, we sought to answer two research questions related to the extent the use of technical equipment and remote physical environment influenced students’ engagement. The study was conducted with students enrolled in regular, in-person Bachelor’s or Master’s degree courses to qualify as teachers of English at primary or lower-secondary schools. The results indicate that the use of technology did not prove to be a significant obstacle to online learning engagement. Concerning the remote physical environment, the learning process was compromised most significantly by the intimate character of the home-working space. We believe that our findings will help educators to rationalise their expectations and formulate best practice recommendations.
Received: 7 January 2022Accepted: 16 January 202
Residencias, hospitales y personas mayores durante la COVID 19: Estudio desde la afectación de derechos fundamentales
No full textMore than three years after COVID-19 caused thousands of deaths in a few weeks in old people’s care homes in Spain, this article analyses the facts in order to assess whether recognised fundamental rights may have been violated. To this end, it analyses the criteria used to regulate access to the health system during the crisis, paying particular attention to the transfer of elderly and dependent people from care homes. The legal analysis focuses on the right to life and physical integrity in relation to the right to health protection, as interpreted by the Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights, as well as the prohibition of discrimination on various grounds, mainly age and disability.
Received: 15.05.2023Accepted: 13.06.2023Tras más de tres años desde que la COVID-19 causara, en unas pocas semanas, miles de fallecimientos en las residencias de personas mayores en España, este artículo analiza los hechos con el objetivo de valorar si se pudieron haber vulnerado derechos fundamentales reconocidos. Para ello se analizan los criterios que se siguieron para ordenar el acceso al sistema sanitario durante la crisis, prestando especial atención al traslado de personas mayores y dependientes desde las residencias. El análisis jurídico se centra en el derecho a la vida y a la integridad física en relación con el derecho a la protección de la salud, de acuerdo con la interpretación del Tribunal Constitucional y del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, así como en la prohibición de discriminación por diversos motivos, principalmente la edad y la discapacidad.
Recibido: 15.05.2023Aceptado: 13.06.202
Políticas de coherencia para la vulnerabilidad en la migración. La encrucijada en la gobernanza de la integración de los migrantes
No full textInternational migration is a multidimensional reality of great relevance for the development of countries of origin, transit, and destination, which requires coherent and comprehensive responses from governments. The objectives of this work are threefold. The first objective is to provide an overview of the levels of integration in the European context through reviewing policy indicators related to the vulnerabilities to which migrants are exposed. This objective draws on the Migration Policy Index for Integration (MIPEX) and a review of reports of the European Migration Network Luxembourg. The second objective, identifying differences in the levels of protection perceived by racial minority groups in the selected case countries, is achieved by using data from the European Social Survey. Finally, the need for a policy coherence approach to vulnerability in migration will be addressed as a proposal for a trade-off between sectoral dimensions and a strategy for mitigating the vulnerabilities identified.Received: 30 May 2023 Accepted: 12 November 2023La migración internacional es una realidad multidimensional de gran relevancia para el desarrollo de los países de origen, tránsito y destino, que necesita de respuestas coherentes e integrales por parte de los gobiernos. El presente estudio tiene por objeto realizar una revisión de indicadores políticos relacionados con la vulnerabilidad a la que están expuestos los migrantes a través del Índice de Políticas para la Integración (MIPEX, en sus siglas en inglés) junto a una revisión de informes de la Red Europea de Migraciones de Luxemburgo a fin de ofrecer una panorámica de los niveles de integración en el contexto europeo. Para complementar esta exploración, se realizará un estudio a través de los datos de la Encuesta Social Europea a objeto de identificar diferencias en los niveles de protección que perciben grupos pertenecientes a minorías racializadas sobre los países caso seleccionados. Finalmente, se abordarán la necesidad de un enfoque de coherencia de políticas públicas para la vulnerabilidad en la migración como propuesta para la compensación entre dimensiones sectoriales y estrategia para la mitigación de las vulnerabilidades detectadas.Recibido: 30 mayo 2023 Aceptado: 12 noviembre 202
¿Cómo opinan los auditores de la información sobre sostenibilidad? Una propuesta novedosa de informe de verificación en Europa
No full textSustainability reporting and its credibility are subject of growing international interest. The Non-Financial Reporting Directive 2014/95/EU is going to be replaced by the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive with the aim of improving the comparability, relevance and credibility of non-financial information reported in the European framework. In this article we analyze both Directives, other international initiatives regarding sustainability information, as well as the present and future situation of the assurance of this information. In addition, we propose a novel audit report for non-financial information based on a survey of auditors and users in Spain. Our proposal can improve communication between auditors and users and increase stakeholders’ confidence on reported sustainability information.
Received: 30 April 2022Accepted: 30 May 2022La información sobre sostenibilidad y su credibilidad son objeto de un interés internacional creciente. La actual Directiva 2014/95/UE de información no financiera va a ser sustituida por la Directiva de información corporativa en materia de sostenibilidad con el objetivo de mejorar la comparabilidad, relevancia y credibilidad de la información no financiera reportada en el entorno europeo. En el presente artículo analizamos ambas Directivas, otras iniciativas internacionales en materia de información sobre sostenibilidad, así como la situación presente y futura de la verificación de dicha información. Además, proponemos un informe de auditoría novedoso para la información no financiera basado en una encuesta a auditores y usuarios en España. Nuestra propuesta puede mejorar la comunicación entre auditores y usuarios y favorecer la confianza de los grupos de interés en la información sobre sostenibilidad reportada.
Recibido: 30 abril 2022Aceptado: 30 mayo 202
¿Nuevas formas de gobierno empresarial? Activismo e influencia de terceras partes interesadas en la información económico-financiera
No full textActivism has recently emerged as a potential new corporate governance mechanism for companies. While the influence of stakeholders as interested third parties, and particularly, of institutional investors, is still limited in Europe, their growing role in other countries is suggestive of great future importance. This paper provides a panoramic review of academic literature on this recent phenomenon, focusing on how activism influences the economic and financial information prepared by companies. We conclude by providing several reflections on possible implications for practitioners and regulators.
Received: 16 September 2022Accepted: 26 September 2022El activismo emerge en fechas recientes como un nuevo potencial mecanismo de gobierno corporativo de las empresas. Si bien la influencia de terceras partes interesadas y fundamentalmente, de los inversores institucionales, es aún limitada en Europa, su creciente rol en otros países sugiere la posibilidad de una gran importancia futura. En este trabajo se ofrece una panorámica de la evidencia académica sobre este fenómeno reciente, centrándonos en cómo el activismo influye en la información económico-financiera preparada por las empresas. Concluimos el trabajo con algunas reflexiones sobre posibles implicaciones para profesionales y reguladores.
Recibido: 16 septiembre 2022Aceptado: 26 septiembre 202
Cuba: una sociedad civil que despierta y un régimen que no muere
No full textThis article presents an analysis of the increase in acts of repression by the Cuban government targeted especially at young artists. This repression increased the number of Cuban who went into exile and of political prisoners from 2018. We associate this situation to the monsters –in the Gramscian sense of the term– that have appeared both in the opposition and within the government, suggesting that the revolution has lost cultural hegemony now in the hands of a group of young people educated in revolutionary institutions, but convinced of its failure. The «artivists» –those who, through art, exercise activism– show the emergence of an increasing number of Cubans who question a revolution that did not fulfill its promises.Received: 30 June 2022 Accepted: 02 May 2023Este artículo presenta un análisis del incremento de actos de represión del gobierno cubano dirigidos especialmente a jóvenes artistas. La represión generó un aumento de destierros, exilios y presos políticos desde 2018. Asociamos esta coyuntura a los monstruos –en sentido gramsciano– que han aparecido desde la oposición y desde el gobierno, sugiriendo que la revolución ha perdido la hegemonía cultural en manos de un grupo de jóvenes educados en las instituciones revolucionarias pero convencidos de su fracaso. Los artivistas –aquellos que, desde el arte, ejercen activismo– muestran el surgimiento de nuevos liderazgos que cuestionan a una revolución que no cumplió sus promesas.Recibido: 30 junio 2022 Aceptado: 02 mayo 202
Puntos de apoyo en luchas más amplias. ¿Cómo podemos combinar las luchas que colisionan en la crisis de los cuidados?
No full textThe question of whether to increase the caregiver benefit is a controversial one among policy experts and movement actors. It is criticized as counterproductive to the emancipation of disabled people and women. At the same time, it becomes the goal of organizing campaigns as it provides immediate solutions, particularly to low-income families. This spotlights two questions: 1. How can activists fight for large-scale, transformative outcomes and achieve real, tangible changes in people’s lives? 2. How can a constituency fight for its liberation without leaving other constituencies behind? Drawing on the analysis of the Hungarian caregivers’ struggle, I reveal prospects for an emancipatory resolution of these two questions. I suggest seeing the struggles of affected constituencies as different dimensions of the care crisis and propose an organizing framework that engages with the deep structural underpinnings of capitalism and takes the issues of power and control inherent in care relations seriously. Received: 05 July 2022 Approval: 05 December 2022 Published online: Articles in Press, February 2023La cuestión del aumento de la prestación para personas cuidadoras es un tema controvertido entre los expertos en políticas y los actores del movimiento. Se critica que es contraproducente para la emancipación de las personas con discapacidad y de las mujeres. Al mismo tiempo, se convierte en el objetivo de las campañas de las organizaciones, ya que proporciona una solución inmediata, en particular, a las familias con bajos ingresos. Esto pone de manifiesto dos cuestiones: 1. ¿Cómo pueden los activistas luchar por resultados transformadores a gran escala y conseguir cambios reales y tangibles en la vida de las personas? 2. ¿Cómo puede un colectivo luchar por su liberación sin dejar atrás a otros colectivos? Basándome en el análisis de la lucha de los cuidadores húngaros, propongo una resolución emancipadora a estas dos cuestiones. Sugiero que se consideren las luchas de los grupos afectados como diferentes dimensiones de la crisis de los cuidados y propongo un marco organizativo que se comprometa con los profundos fundamentos estructurales del capitalismo y tome en serio las cuestiones del poder y control inherentes a las relaciones de cuidados.Recibido: 05 julio 2022 Aprobado: 05 diciembre 2022 Publicación en línea: Artículos en Prensa, febrero 202
Elite universities in Chile: Between social mobility and reproduction of inequality
No full textThe Chilean Higher Education System can be considered an exemplary case of massification based on the privatisation and heterogenisation of universities. These processes have created a dual system, with a large group of universities for mass education versus a small group of universities focused on educating elites. In this context, this paper aims to analyse the ethos and missions of elite universities and programmes, their selection mechanisms, and students’ socioeconomic and cultural background. Eight case studies were selected, and different data collection techniques were used: interviews with academics, non-participant observations, students’ survey and secondary data analysis. Results show that these elite universities (characterised by overrepresentation of students from the upper and middle-upper classes, high levels of excellence and prestige, and academic selection processes or high fees) respond to their own market niche’s needs, differentiating themselves not only from ‘mass universities’ but also from each other. To achieve this, each elite university has its own vision, set of values and practices. Despite these differences, all the elite universities and programmes seek to face the current tertiary massification scenario by opening up to student social diversity ensuring, however, that these changes do not structurally modify their sociocultural composition or their institutional mission.
Received: 4 December 2020Accepted: 20 April 202
Emergency remote education: A perspective of its potentialities and limitations in a Peruvian university
No full textThis research aims to identify the potentialities and limitations of emergency remote education in the Peruvian university context as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic based on teachers’ experience of the Hermilio Valdizán National University (UNHEVAL). The type of this research was descriptive and the sample consisted of 123 teachers of the academic period 2020-I. For the data collection, a questionnaire was used, whose validation was made through the judgment of experts (0.96) and the reliability of the results through the Z-test. According to the results, flexibility stands out between the potentialities in regards to topics’ distribution, time, and the possibility to produce greater interest in the participants. It was observed that time flexibility is not considered as favorable unlike what was detected through literature. Infrastructure stands out, especially when is related to the connectivity and Internet access as well as the distractors produced by the easy access to devices and applications that are not related to the class session. The paper revealed weakness in the digital competencies of both teachers and students, and the scarce level of social interaction caused by social isolation. It is concluded that the potentialities and limits of emergency remote education in a Peruvian university are conditioned by different elements specific to each context or country and must be considered for the production of new educational proposals as a policy of prevention of the possibility of new events that require mandatory isolation.
Received: 1 July 2021Accepted: 19 April 202
Beyond performance-based budgeting policy in Iran’s public universities: Causes, outcomes, and strategies
No full textThe main aim of the present study was to analyze the causes, outcomes, and strategies of performance-based budgeting in the Iranian higher education system. To this end, a qualitative approach based on the grounded theory was used. In order to collect reliable data, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with two groups of experts who were selected by purposive sampling method based on the selection of desirable cases. After qualitative content analysis of the collected information via encoding, the detailed report preparation method and comparison with expert opinions were taken into account to validate the findings. At a significance level of 0.0001, the kappa measure of agreement was 0.786. The results showed that finding a suitable mechanism to ensure accountability and transparency in universities was the main focus of performance-based budgeting approach, and its implementation was affected by various factors at the macro level (government) and micro level (university). Positive outcomes of this budgeting model include improved accountability and transparency, project- oriented nature of the model, and improved efficiency and effectiveness. Besides, threat to the nature and independence of the university was possibly a negative consequence of this plan. To use the benefits simultaneously and avoid the negative consequences, various strategies were proposed, including the expansion of the authority, independence, and freedom of the university and the involvement of the university’s senior managers.
Received: 10 March 2022Accepted: 15 August 202