Revistas Científicas de la Universidad de Deusto
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Shifting the scientific paradigm for the transformation of higher education: Experience at State Islamic University (UIN) in Indonesia
No full textEvery university has many ways to make changes, and institutional transformation is one of the strategic choices to achieve excellence. However, the transformation of higher education is still dynamically defined and open. The practice also has many models and differences. This article examines the scientific paradigm shift to rethink the practice of transformation for higher education. Identifying new scientific paradigms, shifting processes, models used, practical steps, factors, and challenges is the primary concern of research work. This research was conducted qualitatively with a narrative approach. Multi-site studies at several State Islamic Universities (UIN) in Indonesia were reviewed to obtain findings about the different models applied. The results show that the transformation of higher education is simultaneously carried out by changing the institutional status and renewing the scientific paradigm. Science integration is used as a new scientific paradigm even though, in practice, each university has a different model. This new paradigm has wideranging impacts, such as eliminating scientific dichotomies that have long been practiced, expanding multidisciplinary scientific structures, and adding authority to develop faculties and study programs. Another impact is the existence of new awareness and enthusiasm for several changes in the aspects of it. Many challenges need to be anticipated to obtain better quality, such as the need for curriculum reformulation, changes in organizational behavior, a new image, and many other programs. We recommend this finding as an example of good practice in improving the quality and institutional system of higher education. To understand the wider impact of this transformation process, such as competency and graduate outcomes, changes in organizational behavior, the direction of research and community service programs, and their social impact in the future, more research on sustainability is needed.
Received: 19 June 2022Accepted: 25 September 202
Teoría y práctica de la iniciativa legislativa popular en España
No full textOur democracy needs the legislative impulse of citizens to improve their representation. Forty years after the popular initiative law (LO 3/1984), the instrument of participation still plays a secondary role in Spain. In this way, only four initiatives have been approved in Parliament (with many changes); the causes of failure are the censored topics, and a high number of signatures required (Article 87.3 of Spanish Constitution). In fact, 37% of initiatives were declared inadmissible, and also 37% did not reach the signature limit. However, since 2011 more initiatives have been presented in Parliament. Therefore, it’s necessary to analyze this context.
Received: 07.02.2023Accepted: 13.06.2023La iniciativa legislativa popular (ILP) en España ha mantenido una eficacia muy limitada con tan sólo cuatro proposiciones adoptadas como ley en el Congreso de los Diputados. Cuarenta años después de la aprobación de la LO 3/1984 de ILP, es preciso analizar las causas que cercenan su empleo, ya que el 37% de las iniciativas resultan inadmitidas y otro 37% caduca sin reunir las firmas requeridas. La Constitución Española estipula (art. 87.3) un margen formal y material muy estrecho para el instrumento, con un requisito de firmas que dificulta el acceso de las propuestas y una exclusión de las materias propias de ley orgánica especialmente lesiva, como se comprobará. Auspiciado por la crisis económica y de confianza, desde el año 2011 se ha producido cierto repunte en la utilización del mecanismo que es preciso analizar, pues parece desmontarse parcialmente la idea extendida sobre el carácter anodino e ineficaz de la figura.
Recibido: 07.02.2023Aceptado: 13.06.202
Abadías Selma, Alfredo, Justicia Juvenil e inteligencia artificial en la era de la cultura «Touch», Tirant lo Blanch, Valencia, 2022, 208 pp., ISBN 978-84-1130-755-0
No full textHan transcurrido más de ocho décadas desde que Isaac Asimov enunciara en 1941 las conocidas como Tres Leyes de la Robótica en su relato Runaround. Inicialmente consideradas como exclusivo producto de la imaginación, coincidirá el lector en que, a la luz del imparable e incesante avance de disciplinas como la informática o la robótica, aquellas han excedido las fronteras de la ficción para, cuando menos, pulsar las lindes de un no tan distante futuro. 
The Competence Crossroads of the Spanish Electrical System
No full textLa distribución de competencias entre el Estado y las Comunidades Autónomas en materia de electricidad ha traído consigo un arduo debate, que finalmente ha sido resuelto por el Tribunal Constitucional (aunque con un amplio lapso de tiempo). De hecho, ha sido este órgano el encargado de delimitar las competencias al hilo de la resolución de aspectos muy específicos que le son de aplicación y que son objeto de análisis en este trabajo.The distribution of competences between the State and the Autonomous Communities in electricity matters has brought with it an arduous debate, which has finally been resolved by the Constitutional Court (although with a long-time lapse). In fact, it has been this body that has been in charge of delimiting the competences in the resolution of very specific aspects that are applicable to it and that are the object of analysis in this work
Presentación
No full textThe energy crisis and the geopolitical tensions generated by the war in Ukraine continue to determine the European agenda during this year 2023. For Spain, the second semester of this year is especially relevant since it holds the Presidency of the Council of the Union and, therefore, of the European Union (EU). The Spanish Presidency coincides with the last stretch of the current institutional cycle, before the European elections in May 2024, after which not only the political composition of the European Parliament will be renewed, but also that of the European Commission. This circumstance confers on Spain a special responsibility to boost negotiations and achieve the necessary consensus in the EU’s priority areas of work, such as the accelerated energy transition, digital transformation, the migration challenge, the social agenda and the stability at its eastern border. Likewise, the fifth Spanish presidency of the Council of the EU will coincide with a key moment in the implementation of the national recovery plans, since, by the end of 2023, the assigned European resources must be fully committed. With these perspectives and in a still uncertain and changing geopolitical context, this miscellaneous number 69/2023 of Deusto Journal of European Studies includes various contributions that address issues related to the digitization of medicine, the future integration of Ukraine into the EU and the relations of the EU with Israel. This second issue of 2023 also includes the usual chronicles of jurisprudence and current affairs in Europe signed by our faithful and valued collaborators, David Ordóñez Solís and Beatriz Iñarritu.La crisis energética y las tensiones geopolíticas generadas por la guerra en Ucrania siguen determinando la agenda europea durante este año 2023. Para el Estado español, el segundo semestre de este año resulta de especial relevancia al asumir el ejercicio de la Presidencia del Consejo de la Unión y, por ende, de la Unión Europea (UE). La Presidencia española coincide con el último tramo del ciclo institucional actual, antes de las elecciones europeas de mayo de 2024, tras las cuales, no sólo se renovará la composición política del Parlamento Europeo, sino también la de la Comisión Europea. Esta circunstancia traslada a España una responsabilidad especial de impulsar las negociaciones y lograr los consensos necesarios en los ámbitos prioritarios de trabajo de la UE, como son la transición energética acelerada, la transformación digital, el reto migratorio, la agenda social y la estabilidad en su frontera oriental. Así mismo, la quinta presidencia española del Consejo de la UE coincidirá con un momento clave en la implementación de los planes nacionales de recuperación, ya que, para finales de 2023 los recursos europeos asignados deberán estar totalmente comprometidos. Con estas perspectivas y en un contexto geopolítico todavía incierto y cambiante, este número misceláneo 69/2023 de Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto incluye diversas contribuciones que abordan cuestiones relativas a la digitalización de la medicina, la futura integración de Ucrania en la UE y las relaciones de la UE con el Estado de Israel. Este segundo ejemplar de 2023 incluye además las habituales crónicas de jurisprudencia y de actualidad europea que firman nuestros fieles y valiosos colaboradores, David Ordóñez Solís y Beatriz Iñarritu
Crónica de la Jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea
No full textSumario: I. Introducción.—II. Primera parte. Los desarrollos jurisprudenciales del derecho de la Unión Europea. 1. El poder judicial en la Unión Europea: independencia y diálogo con el Tribunal de Justicia: a) La independencia de los jueces nacionales: las deficiencias en Rumanía y en Polonia b) La suspensión parcial del litigio principal y la cuestión prejudicial. 2. Los desarrollos de la Carta de los derechos fundamentales: a) La protección de los datos personales en el ámbito penal. b) La motivación de la autorización de escuchas telefónicas: sentencia HYA. c) La protección de los profesores por videoconferencia: sentencia Comité del Personal Docente de Hesse. d) La protección de datos personales en el proceso civil: sentencia Norra Stockholm Bygg. e) La independencia del delegado de protección de datos: sentencia X-FAB Dresden. 3. El espacio de libertad, seguridad y justicia. 4. La realización del mercado único europeo y las políticas europeas: a) El dieselgate y la sentencia Mercedes-Benz Group AG. b) Lucha contra la morosidad en las operaciones comerciales y efecto directo de las directivas: sentencia ALD Automotive. c) La armonización fiscal: el IVA. d) La protección de los consumidores en los viajes combinados durante la pandemia. e) La protección del medio ambiente y los efectos en el ámbito judicial.—III. Segunda parte. La jurisprudencia europea provocada por los jueces españoles y sus efectos en el derecho interno. 1. La confianza mutua en el espacio judicial europeo: sentencia Puig Gordi y otros. 2. La realización del mercado interior europeo: medicamentos, transporte urbano y contratación pública: a) Licencias de transporte urbano, taxis y VTC. b) La regulación administrativa de los medicamentos. c) La contratación y las Administraciones. 3. La aplicación en España del Derecho europeo de la competencia: a) La Directiva de daños por infracción del Derecho de la competencia: auto Deutsche Bank. b) La indemnización de los daños producidos: sentencia Repsol. c) El cártel de los camiones: sentencia Tráficos Manuel Ferrer y auto Dalarjo. 4. Las cláusulas abusivas: sentencia Caixabank y la comisión de apertura de un préstamo con garantía hipotecaria. 5. La interpretación de las directivas de armonización fiscal.—IV. Relación de las sentencias comentadas
The effects of online learning self-efficacy and attitude toward online learning in predicting academic performance: The case of online prospective mathematics teachers
No full textThis study aims to discover if Online Learning Self-Efficacy (OLSE) and attitude toward online learning (AOL) significantly predict the academic performance (AP) among Turkish prospective mathematics teachers. Unlike the studies conducted in the literature, online learning self-efficacy and attitude towards online learning as predictor variables were included in the study and both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. The study included 1075 prospective mathematics teachers’ responses in the analysis. The Pearson correlation was employed to determine how strongly OLSE, AOL, and AP are related. Results indicated that OLSE and AOL influenced the level of AP. Also, the multiple regression aimed to predict AP based on OLSE and AOL, and this model explained 44.6% of the variance in AP. The beta weights demonstrated that OLSE and AOL (OLSE β = .36, t(1072) = 9.705, p < .001, and AOL β = .34, t(1072) = 9.176, p < .001) significantly contributed to the model. The results showed that the level of academic performance can be predicted by online learning self-efficacy and attitude toward online learning. In addition, this study revealed the factors that have favorable and adverse effects on the academic performance of prospective mathematics teachers to gain more extensive information. Under the theme of negative factors, there were 7 codes. The results obtained from the study can be a guide for practitioners, policy makers and teachers to take the necessary precautions for the effective execution of the distance education process.
Received: 4 October 2021Accepted: 27 June 202
The attitude of students and teachers towards MOOC usage for their academic and professional development: A comparative study of two case study sites
No full textThe massive open online course (MOOC) and online learning concepts have received a lot of attention from educational stakeholders all around the world as a result of COVID-19. Initial studies demonstrated that people may use MOOCs as a tool for academic and professional advancement. This micro-study was conducted at two adjacent national higher educational institutions (HEIs) in India as case study sites (CSS) to learn more about the attitude of the students and faculties there. The research strategy used for the study was a mixed-method approach. To collect data, a tool that was created by the researchers was used. There was a type of atypical relationship between the institutions and the professionals. Comparing CSS2 students and CSS1 teachers to their peers from other institutions, it was discovered that they both displayed more optimistic attitude. The attitude of all four groups were discovered to be favorable. The study served as an example of some educational ramifications in the neighborhoods.
Received: 9 June 2022Accepted: 15 April 202
The use of the video format as a teaching guide in university studies
No full textThis article presents a pilot experiment on subjects from three Social Sciences degrees at two public Andalusian universities. The aim is to analyze the teaching guides and their presentation to students as a means of communicating with them, primarily through the video format instead of the conventional written format. To this end, attractive, clear and relatable video teaching guides have been developed to present to students, aware of the success of short videos dominating digital social networks, especially among younger age groups. A knowledge test was given to 99 students on the subject contents, as well as a satisfaction test; the following information was processed through the SPSS program. The main conclusion is that students have a high degree of satisfaction and a better knowledge of the new video guide format than the conventional written model.
Received: 21 July 2022Accepted: 20 June 202
Nuevas estrategias de la Unión Europea para abordar el doble reto de la crisis climática y la dependencia energética
No full textSince the Lisbon Treaty entered into force, the European Union has developed an integrated environment and energy policy that allows it to adopt measures to face the challenges of climate change and security of energy supply. The European Union is currently in the process of meeting its 2030 climate and energy commitments. These targets were initially set in 2014 but since they have been extended several times. The reasons were different: firstly, the irregular rate of compliance with the objectives for 2020; subsequently, the climate neutrality objective proposed in 2018 and the European Green Deal adopted for its achievement and whose development began in 2020; finally, the complicated geopolitical context of 2022. This text analyses and tries to explain this evolution up to the most recent proposals.
Received: 12 December 2022Accepted: 17 January 2023Desde la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Lisboa, la Unión Europea desarrolla una política integrada en materia de medio ambiente y energía que le posibilita adoptar medidas para hacer frente de manera conjunta a los retos que plantean el cambio climático y la seguridad de abastecimiento energético. Actualmente, la Unión Europea se encuentra en el proceso que le lleve a cumplir sus compromisos en materia de clima y energía previstos para 2030. Dichos objetivos se fijaron inicialmente en 2014 pero desde entonces se han visto ampliados en varias ocasiones. Las razones han sido diferentes: en primer lugar, el irregular grado de cumplimiento de los objetivos para 2020; posteriormente, el objetivo de neutralidad climática propuesto en 2018 y el Pacto Verde Europeo adoptado para su consecución y cuyo desarrollo se inició en 2020; finalmente, el complicado contexto geopolítico de 2022. El presente texto analiza y trata de explicar dicha evolución hasta las propuestas más recientes.
Recibido: 12 diciembre 2022Aceptado: 17 enero 202