OJS (University St. Kliment Ohridski)
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ILLICIT TRAFFICKING OF CULTURAL HERITAGE ITEMS AS AN INTERNATIONAL CRIME: CHARACTERISTICS AND RESPONSES
Full text linkModern crime knows no borders, and criminal groups from one country easily connect with similar groups or organizations from other countries, so that it takes on a new dimension in the criminal world. Cross-border crime has become a key security issue for policymakers and law enforcement agencies. Their efforts have increasingly shifted from the domestic scene to the international arena and transnational crime. The term transnational crime now belongs to the everyday vocabulary of not only criminologists, but alsopolicy makers, law enforcement officials and the public.One popular thesis related to organized crime claims that the illegal trade incultural heritagegoods is the third most typical form of illegal trade - rightafter drugs and firearms. According to ECOSOC the illicit trade in culturalheritagegoods is often carried out in the same criminal circles as the illicittrade in drugs, arms and other illegal activities. This paper will focus on the problem of illicit trafficking of cultural heritage items as an internationalcrime, its concept, characteristics and international response to this crime
BASIC ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND ECONOMIC WELL-BEING
Full text linkThe paper reviews some of the basic economic indicators that reflect the three essential macroeconomic problems (economic growth, inflation and unemployment) and correlates them with economic well-being expressedthrough the happiness index. Having in mind the basic premise of the economy as a science to manage limited resources in order to meet unlimited human needs, the question that arises is when people feel well, have a feeling that they have "quality" life, and when they feel happy. Although the question of well-being has been of interest to economic science since its inception, the answer to what makes people happy is more of a philosophical than an economic question and difficult to measure and answer. Well-being depends on a huge number of economic, but also on a number of non-economic variables. In addition2 to the economic indicators that show the level of economic development, the standard of living, employment and unemployment, the poverty rate and the inflation rate, an indicator is needed that will show the personal perception of quality of life. The level of well-being and happiness have a strong expression of a subjective experience and are determined in addition to economic, also by other non-economic factors (psychological, sociological, philosophical, cultural, etc.). Taking into account the complexity of the subject and the spatial limitation of a paper of this kind, a regression analysis was done in it, using data on GDP per capita, PPP (current international 1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (%),and Happiness Index for 67 countries in the world. The analysis is based on data from 2019 as the last year for which data is available, and in which there were no restrictions of any kind
BIG DATA ANALYTICS FOR INSURANCE
Full text linkAvailability of large amount of data from different data sources and implementation of Big Data Analytics (BDA) in insurance industrytransformed the insurance product lifecycle. The rapid change is evident throughout the whole insurance product lifecycle: from the product design, underwriting and pricing, their marketing and distribution, through to claims processing and the ongoing management of customer relationships. The adoption of new technologies, especially for data collection and advanced analysis, represents a significant competitive advantage in the insurance market. Therefore, in this paper the impact of the BDA usage on insurance sector is analysed andpotential benefits and risks associated with the use of BDA are presented
THE STUDY OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE LIFE INSURANCE PRODUCT PORTFOLIO AND PAYMENTS IN BULGARIA FOR THE PERIOD 2017 – 2021
Full text linkThe object of life insurance is insured person’s life, health and working capacity. In order to satisfy the interests of a wide range of consumers, insurers offer a variety of life insurance products that form their product portfolio.Its structure is built on the basis of relative shares of the offered life insurance policies. The portfolio structure is also indicative of consumers’ preferences about particular type of insurance. The largest part of the premium income for the various types of life insurance products is used to make insurance payments upon the occurrence of insurance events. The structure of insurance payments shows which of the offered life insurance policies take the largest share of insurers\u27 funds. The structure of the life insurance product portfolio and insurance payments is not static.It changes under the influence of various factors. The study of the market structures of gross written premiums and insurance payments by classes of life insurance is significant for insurers in order to know the state and trends on the life insurance market
CONTENT FOR FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING FOR GEN Z STUDENTS OF TOURISM
Full text linkThis article deals with the procedure of choosing content and suggests topics for teaching foreign languages (FLT) to generation Z students in the field of tourism in higher education, according to the action-oriented approach and specific principles for FLT at non-linguistic universities. The changeable variables for selecting themes and topics for student-centered and market-oriented FLT are assessedby a qualitative study with interviews in foreign language classes (N 87) in North Macedonia in 2021, and by global occupational needs through research of literature and online resources about current and future trends of the tourism industry, both influenced by generational characteristics. Topics like ‘Responsible travel to untouched areas’, ‘Marketing through digital Gen Z influencers’, ‘Employment in special business units for targeting Gen Zs’, are identified. Elaborated are also the additional requirements for choosing content as providing comprehensible input and facilitating tasks, involving use of digital technology, staring with one\u27s own country
COMPARING SEASONAL PATTERNS ACROSS MAIN INBOUND TOURISM COUNTRIES IN NORTH MACEDONIA
Full text linkThe study measures the level of seasonality among top six inbound countries in tourism market in North Macedonia. The Gini and Theil indexes, as well as the correlation values for each of the selected countries, are computed and compared to show the differences between them. Overnights of tourists from Albania, Bulgaria, Poland, Serbia, the Netherlands, and Turkey from 2011 to 2019 is the primary variable. The research found that the Netherlands has the greatest seasonality, followed by Poland. The seasonality in neighboring countries (Albania, Bulgaria, and Serbia) is significantly lower. Turkey has been added to this group.The study suggests boosting tourism marketing to Turkey, which has low seasonality and accounts significant portion of total foreign overnights, as well as maintaining smooth campaign to neighboring countries with lower seasonality. Furthermore, a discussion is open on creating new strategies for attracting tourists from the Netherlands and Poland out of the main season
THE IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC BANKS IN TURKIYE IN THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC
Full text linkThe Covid 19 epidemic, which emerged in China at the end of 2019 and spread all over the world, has caused hard times in all countries. In this time, the support of the public authority was needed due to the restriction of economic and social activities. In Türkiye, public supports were mostly implemented in the form of financial supports in order to maintain liquidity. It is seen that public banks play a major role in these financial supports. In this study, the behaviors of state-owned deposit banks during the pandemic and the support they provide to economic life were tried to be examined by comparing them with private and foreign deposit banks. According to the pre-pandemic situation, unlike other banks, it is seen that public banks are the group that gives the most loans in the sector. In addition, there has been no increase in the non-performing loans of public banks, thanks to opportunities such as postponement and restructuring of loan debts of companies and individuals. Due to these incentive loans of public banks, loan volumes reached enormous sizes, but it was observed that the profitability ratios did not increase at the same level. As a result, it has been clearly revealed that public banks work in a service-oriented manner instead of profit-oriented in order to prevent the economic recession caused by the pandemic, and that they are extremely important institutions in delivering government incentives to the public in times of economic depression
INTEGRITY IN CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATIONS-THE CASE OF REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Full text linkCustoms Administrations operate in four main areas: revenue collection, community protection, trade facilitation and national security.To fulfill their tasks a high level of integrity is necessary. Integrity can be defined as a positive set of attitudes which foster honest and ethical behavior and work practices(WCO 2012b, p. 4).The lack of integrity in Customs causes revenue reduction, reduction of foreign investments, increased trade costs, barriers to international trade and reduction of public trust in government institutions.The economy of the Republic of Macedonia is highly dependent on international trade, especially imports. This allows businesses to have direct meetings with customs officers, which provides an opportunity for corruption. Promoting integrity enables customs administrations to archive their long term-goals and mission. The main objective of this paper is to analyze integrity and corruption in Customs Administrations with special emphasize on the Republic of Macedonia
INCREASING TOURISM OPPORTUNITIES FOR CROSSBORDER DESTINATIONS – CASE OF PELAGONIJA REGION
Full text linkCross-border regions face challenges how to encourage and promote cooperation between the countries to which they belong. In this regard, as most common approach is the use of their potentials in order to improve the overall socio-economic development of the regions. The co-operation marks a number of examples of initiatives that are often within the framework of certain international cross border co-operation programmes. Among the specific goals of the programs, including the promotion of sustainable economic development in cross-border regions, priority is given to encouraging tourism by improving the attractiveness and promoting tourism in the regions. In this context, the opportunities for development of the regions as recognizable tourist destinations are increasing, not only in the cross-border regions but also in the wider regional environment. This approach is with aim to achieve increased competitiveness andincreased employment opportunities of local population
SOCIAL MEDIA AND SPA TOURISM BEFORE AND DURING COVID-19
Full text linkAs COVID-19 pandemic has left great consequences on all economic activities, social media has served as a vastly helpful communication tool for most industries, including tourism. The spa destinations are trying to attract tourists by changing the way of using social media while adapting to the new situation. The aim of this paper is to analyze the social media used in the promotion of spa tourism. The authors compare two different phases: pre- COVID-19 and during COVID-19 using data collected from 126owners of tourist accommodation in spas destination. The research showed that during the period of COVID-19, the respondents most often use Instagram and Booking, they post the content most often once a week using photos and text. In addition, the results show that the respondents emphasize the location and price (in the pre- COVID-19), but during the COVID-19 pandemic, they put importance on health safety andcleanliness