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Replication Data for: Genomic Prediction of The Performance of Tropical Doubled Haploid Maize Lines under Artificial Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. Infestation
No full textIn sub-Saharan Africa, substantial yield losses in maize are caused by Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth., a parasitic weed. Limited genetic diversity for Striga resistance within the elite maize germplasm, as well as challenges with phenotyping for Striga under artificial infestation constrain breeding for Striga resistance. Genomic prediction may help accelerate the identification of Striga resistant lines for hybrid development. This dataset contains: (i) phenotypic data from 232 testcross (TC) hybrids that were evaluated in field trials under artificial Striga infestation at three locations in Kenya, and (ii) genotypic data for 606 doubled haploid (DH) lines. The results of this study on genomic prediction for Striga are published in the accompanying article
Midterm Evaluation of CRA Project, Bihar: Household Survey Data
No full textClimate-resilient agriculture (CRA) includes the sustainable use of the available natural resources to enhance the longer-term productivity of the crop and livestock production systems and to achieve higher farm incomes under climate variabilities. This practice will reduce hunger and poverty in the face of climate change for future generations. Several CRA technologies are being developed and disseminated by CIMMYT and partners, such as zero tillage in wheat, direct seeded rice, crop rotations with legume crops, etc. The objective of the study is to examine farmers' awareness and attitudes towards CRA technologies and the possibility of reaping the positive externalities through direct payment to farmers. This dataset was collected from intervention farmers of the CRA project in Bihar. In selected 75 villages of Bihar State of India, 1000 short farmer interviews (mostly closed-ended questions) are to be conducted among the early adopters of CRA technologies. The farmer lists were provided by the participating Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs). The farmers' opinions on the performance of the technology, constraints faced during adoption, and the effect of resource use and livelihoods will be examined
Round I: Gender-disaggregated household survey data on rural women empowerment and technological change in wheat, Madhya Pradesh
No full textGender equality is an indicator of sustainable development and also a means toward it. One of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by United Nations is to achieve gender equality and empowerment of women and girls by 2030 (United Nations 2017). Empowerment of rural women is considered also as a necessary pre-requisite to attain food security and alleviate poverty in developing countries. While a
number of studies address women empowerment as a developmental outcome, the deterministic role of rural women empowerment on agrarian development has not
received sufficient research focus. On one hand, the quantitative empirical studies addressing technological change often limit the gender dimension to a binary variable on sex of the household head. The key roles and responsibilities of women members of the farm household, who are directly or indirectly involved in crop and livestock production, are overlooked by doing so. One the other hand, the in-depth qualitative case studies are not sufficiently broad (small sample size) to allow for generalization. Against this backdrop, the proposed study attempts to develop a mixed research methodology taking variables from quantitative household surveys and qualitative case studies for quickly and effectively capturing rural women involvement and empowerment and their ramifications on technological change and farmer livelihoods.
The empirical analysis will be based on Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and household survey data, conducted in the second half of 2018 in Madhya Pradesh (India), where wheat is one of the main crops. The study frame was built in close collaboration with the CGIAR Gender and Agriculture Research Network, and also be a ‘pilot’ study for identifying and integrating gender variables in the adoption-impact studies in CRP WHEAT and MAIZE Programmes.
The overall objective of the project is to better understand the importance of women involvement in agriculture and women empowerment on technological change and rural livelihoods in India, focusing on impact heterogeneity and the role of different social institutions. There are two sets of research questions – first specific to the study area, and second more generic to the developing countries. The research questions specific to the study area are shown below.
1. Which of the individual / household / community characteristics are the key determinants of women empowerment in agriculture?
2. What role do gender plays on diffusion of varietal technologies and sustainable
intensification practices in wheat?
3. What are the impacts of women empowerment and gender roles on household food
insecurity?
The more generic research questions are concerning (a) better technology targeting and (b) development of a variable set on gender to be used for quantitative data collection. The research questions framed in this connection are shown below.
4. How should the technology dissemination and targeting strategies change when the role, responsibilities, and preferences of women farmers are addressed?
5. Which are the easy to observe household attributes that could stand proxy for woman empowerment in quantitative studies on technological change?
The empirical part of this study will be based on data collected from three districts of Madhya Pradesh, India – Jabalpur, Mandla and Damoh. Madhya Pradesh is one of the states with largest wheat growing area (19% of wheat area in India) but with lower wheat productivity (2.85 tons) compared to other major producers (4.29 tons in Punjab and 3.98 tons in Haryana in 2014-15 season). While Mandla and Damoh are lower productive districts within the state, Jabalpur farmers experience moderately high wheat productivity. Mandla and Damoh are also categorized as the disadvantaged districts by Government of India. The selected districts contain the three GENNOVATE case-study communities
Replication Data for: Genome-wide association mapping and genomic prediction of stalk rot in two mid-altitude tropical maize populations
No full textMaize stalk rot can cause significant economic losses for maize farmers around the world. Information on the genetic architecture of maize stalk rot could help breeders design effective breeding strategies to enhance resistance to stalk rot. This dataset was used to carry out genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) and genomic prediction for stalk rot in mid-altitude tropical maize populations. It includes phenotypic data from testcross hybrids of 677 inbred lines from the Tuxpeño and non-Tuxpeño heterotic pools evaluated in three environments. Genotypic data for 200,681 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) used for GWAS and genomic prediction are also provided. The results of the analyses are described in the accompanying article
Data on assessment of impacts of drought in Bihar during 2022
No full textAgriculture is the most severely affected sector due to drought-like situations. Bihar is one of the most vulnerable states to drought due to its geographical location, and its high dependency on rainfed agriculture. The first survey, in Kharif season 2022 covered 518 farmers from 11 districts, 39 blocks and 79 villages of Bihar in October 2022. The second survey was the phone survey which was conducted to collect the data for the Rabi season 2022. We interviewed 339 farmers out of the 518 farmers in June 2023. To validate the first phone survey, we interviewed 229 farmers out of the 518 farmers. These drought impact surveys were designed in a way that data are collected from randomly selected farmers spread uniformly within a KVK domain/district. The survey questionnaire captures all production practices applied by farmers from land preparation to harvesting, including detailed sections on crop establishment, sources and methods of irrigation, fertilizer use, weed control and cost of irrigation. Data is captured through the electronically enabled Open Data Kit (ODK) tool on mobile phone or tablet. This contributes as a useful database which can be used by researchers, and policymakers for developing Bihar’s drought management strategy to protect the farmers from future drought-like situations
Maize, Migration and Gender Dynamics in Nepal
No full textThe gender dimension of the maize-based farming system is extremely important. The phenomenon of male out-migration has greatly impacted the dynamics of agricultural labor, leading to more complex gender roles and relationships within households. It is worth noting that almost 90% of migrants are men, which means that women, the elderly, and children are left to handle agricultural and household responsibilities. The feminization of agriculture has been a subject of research for quite some time, but there is a significant lack of research studies focusing on the critical issues surrounding maize cultivation in the current scholarship of agricultural R4D in South Asia. This research aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the gendered relationship between maize producers and labor out-migration in Nepal's three agro-ecological regions, namely the mountain, hill, and terai areas
Replication Data for: Genome-Wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction Analyses Reveal the Genetic Architecture of Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits under Drought and Optimum Conditions in Maize
No full textTo dissect the genetic architecture of grain yield and flowering traits under drought stress, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using 236 test-crossed maize lines. The materials were evaluated under managed drought and optimal growing conditions in multiple environments using seven multi-locus GWAS models (mrMLM, FASTmrMLM, FASTmrEMMA, pLARmEB, pKWmEB, ISIS EM-BLASSO, and FARMCPU) from mrMLM and GAPIT R packages. Genomic prediction with RR-BLUP model was applied on BLUEs across locations under optimum and drought conditions. The GbS data used for the analyses are included in this dataset
The reference genome of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) variety IT99K-573-1-1
No full textIT99K-573-1-1 is a cowpea variety developed at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture and evaluated and released as variety in several countries including Nigeria (2011), Tanzania (2012), Sierra Leone (2015) and Ghana (2017). It derived from the cross lT93K-596-9-12 X IT86D-880. It is an early maturing, photo-insensitive variety with an erect growth habit. Its morphological characteristics consist of a pigmentation on nodes of the stem and pulvinus at point of attachment to the stem while no pigmentation is observable on the calyx and pod tips. Flower color is white. The peduncles are also non pigmented and described as long and they carry the pods above the canopy. IT99K-573-1-1 is classified as medium size variety with a hundred seed weight ranging from 17 to 19g. The seeds are white with rough seed coat and brown eyes. Number of seeds per pod ranges from 12 to 17. Chemical analysis of the seeds showed 4.2% ash content, 23.36% crude protein, very low fat (1.73%), moderate sugar (6.39%), starch (44.5%) and tannin (1.4%).
This variety is resistant to both Striga gesnerioides and Alectra vogelii. It combines resistance to several major common diseases and pests such as virus, fusarium wilt and rhizoctonia. It is also tolerant to drought and performs well in the major cowpea producing regions mainly in Sahel and Sudan Savannah agro-ecologies. Its potential grain yield is about 2.6 t/ha
The reference genome of Solanum tuberosum variety “Nyota” (CIP398190.200)
No full text“Nyota” (CIP398190.200) was released in Kenya in 2017 as a table variety. This tetraploid potato variety developed by CIP late blight resistance breeding pipeline in Peru is resistant to late blight, tolerant to warm temperatures, and has medium maturity (90-120 days). Tubers are oblong, flesh color is cream, skin color is white cream and eyes are shallow with pinkish color
Full list of wheat genotypes evaluated for wheat blast resistance
No full textThe list includes wheat genotypes that have been evaluated for wheat blast resistance with data available publicly (database links are provided). The list is to be updated regularl