Open Journal System Universiti Malaysia Kelantan
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Documentation on the Importance and Preservation of Confinement Practices within the Malay Community in Bachok
No full textABSTRACT
The practice of confinement after childbirth is highly emphasised and often observed by the Malay community to maintain safety and health. However, this practice is increasingly seen as contradictory to the Muslim faith. Furthermore, the community also lacks knowledge about traditional confinement medicine and tends to favour modern medicine, which is perceived as faster and easier. The current generation is also less inclined to follow the practices of their ancestors. Therefore, studies were conducted to document the importance of confinement practices within the Bachok Malay community. This qualitative study utilised interviews, which were conducted with six (6) experienced individuals from Bachok, Kelantan. The results of the study revealed the significance of various confinement practices, such as (1) berurut, (2) bertungku, (3) berdiang dan menyalai, (4) mandi teresap, (5) barut perut atau berbengkung, (6) food and drink, (7) dressing, (8) position in abstinence, and (9) pelepas. These nine (9) confinement practices are implemented for at least forty (40) days and provide numerous benefits to the health and safety of both the mother and baby traditionally. This study has positive implications for documenting confinement practices that have primarily been passed down orally. Such practices should be made public and recorded to demonstrate that the culture and lifestyle of the previous Malay community had significant value in terms of local expertise and wisdom.
ABSTRAK
Amalan berpantang selepas bersalin merupakan amalan yang sangat dititikberatkan dan sering diamalkan oleh masyarakat Melayu untuk menjaga keselamatan dan kesihatan. Kini, amalan ini tidak lagi diamalkan kerana terdapat amalan yang bercanggah dengan akidah sebagai orang Islam. Selain itu, kurangnya pengetahuan tentang penggunaan sesuatu tumbuhan menjadikan masyarakat kini ketandusan pengetahuan terhadap pengubatan berpantang secara tradisional dan masyarakat lebih tertarik dengan ubatan moden yang lebih cepat dan mudah. Generasi sekarang juga tidak mahu mengambil tahu serta mempraktikkan segala amalan yang nenek moyang mereka yang terdahulu. Oleh itu, kajian telah dilaksanakan bagi mendokumentasikan kepentingan amalan berpantang yang diamalkan oleh masyarakat Melayu Bachok. Kajian berbentuk kualitatif ini telah menggunakan kaedah temu bual. Temu bual dibuat dengan mengenalpasti seramai enam (6) orang bidan yang berpengalaman di sekitar Bachok Kelantan. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat banyak kepentingan amalan berpantang seperti (1) berurut, (2) bertungku, (3) berdiang dan menyalai, (4) mandi teresap, (5) barut perut atau berbengkung, (6) makanan dan minuman, (7) cara berpakaian, (8) kedudukan dalam pantang dan (9) pelepas. Sembilan (9) amalan berpantang ini dilaksanakan sekurang-kurangnya dalam tempoh empat puluh (40) hari dan telah memberi banyak kebaikan kepada kesihatan dan keselamatan kepada ibu dan bayi secara tradisi. Kajian ini telah memberi implikasi yang positif dari segi pendokumentasian amalan berpantang yang hanya disampaikan secara lisan. Hal ini kerana amalan sebegini harus diwar-warkan dan direkodkan supaya menjadi bukti bahawa budaya dan cara hidup masyarakat Melayu terdahulu mempunyai nilai-nilai yang tinggi dari segi kepakaran dan kearifan tempatan
The Aesthetic Values of Seri Rama in Siamese Shadow Play
No full textABSTRACT
This article explores the character of Seri Rama in Hikayat Maharaja Wana, the main text in the traditional Wayang Kulit Siam (also known as Wayang Kulit Kelantan) performance. Although often regarded as a form of entertainment, Wayang kulit Siam is rich in philosophy, symbolism, and educational values. Previous studies have primarily focused on visual elements and external symbolism of puppet characters, with limited attention given to the aesthetic image and moral values of Seri Rama from an Islamic perspective. This study aims to address this gap by analysing the aesthetic representation and moral dimensions of Seri Rama through the perspective of Islamic aesthetic theory. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research involves textual analysis of Hikayat Maharaja Wana, performance observation, and descriptive thematic analysis. Findings reveal that Seri Rama embodies not only outward beauty, but also deeper values of balance, harmony and spirituality aligned with the Islamic principle of beauty.
ABSTRAK
Artikel ini meneliti watak Seri Rama dalam Hikayat Maharaja Wana, teks utama dalam persembahan Wayang Kulit Siam atau Wayang Kulit Kelantan. Walaupun sering dianggap sebagai hiburan tradisional, Wayang Kulit Siam sarat dengan unsur falsafah, simbolik dan nilai pendidikan. Namun, kajian terdahulu lebih tertumpu kepada aspek visual dan perlambangan luaran, dengan kurang perhatian kepada citra estetika dan nilai moral watak dari perspektif Islam. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis citra estetika dan nilai moral watak Seri Rama berdasarkan kerangka estetika Islam. Kajian ini mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui analisis teks Hikayat Maharaja Wana, pemerhatian persembahan dan analisis deskriptif tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa watak Seri Rama bukan sahaja mewakili keindahan lahiriah, tetapi juga mencerminkan nilai keseimbangan, keharmonian dan spiritualiti, selari dengan prinsip keindahan dalam Islam
Reviving the Aesthetics of Manchu Royal Embroidery: Symbolic Motifs and Their Applications in Contemporary Products
No full textABSTRACT
This study explores the historical and cultural significance of Royal Embroidery of Manchu, which flourished during the Qing dynasty (1636–1912), particularly under the reign of Emperor Kangxi (1661–1722), a period marked by peace and cultural consolidation. Originating from the Manchu people of Ulla in Northeast China, the embroidery was a meticulously crafted the court art form, symbolising hierarchical rank, authority, and social order. The designs embedded within these textiles reflected a codified visual language unique to the Manchu imperial court. However, efforts to preserve and interpret this heritage are facing challenges due to generational misunderstandings and historical misrepresentations by the public. This research aims to clarify the original meanings and hierarchical structure of Manchu embroidery, with the broader objective of informing its integration into contemporary Chinese fashion. Using a descriptive method, the study triangulates data from observations, visual archives, and museum collections. Semiotic theory is applied to decode the symbolic meanings of the motifs, while structuralist theory, particularly Lévi-Strauss’s and Binary Opposition are used to analyse the underlying systems and meaning that associate specific motifs with social rank. The findings offer valuable insights for both academic discourse and practical motifs application in fashion design, contributing to the preservation and revitalisation of Manchu textile heritage in contemporary contexts.
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini meneroka kepentingan sejarah dan budaya Sulaman Diraja Manchu yang berkembang semasa Dinasti Qing (1636–1912), terutamanya di bawah pemerintahan Maharaja Kangxi (1661–1722), iaitu satu era yang dikenali dengan kestabilan dan pengukuhan budaya. Sulaman ini berasal dari masyarakat Manchu di Ulla, Timur Laut China merupakan hasil seni istana yang dihasilkan dengan teliti, berfungsi sebagai lambang hierarki, kuasa, dan status sosial. Corak-corak yang dihasilkan pada sulaman ini mencerminkan sebuah bahasa visual yang tersusun dan unik khusus untuk golongan bangsawan di Manchu. Namun, usaha pemeliharaan dan pentafsiran motif warisan ini menghadapi cabaran akibat kurangnya kefahaman generasi masa kini serta ketidak-tepatan dalam mentafsir maklumat sejarah yang berkaitan. Kajian ini bertujuan menjelaskan makna asal serta struktur hierarki dalam sulaman Manchu, dengan objektif untuk menyokong pengaplikasian sulaman Manchu ke dalam fesyen kontemporari di China. Melalui metodologi deskriptif, kajian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data triangulasi dengan menggabungkan data daripada pemerhatian, arkib, dokumentasi visual dan koleksi muzium. Teori semiotik digunakan untuk mentafsir makna simbolik motif-motif sulaman Manchu manakala teori strukturalisme, terutamanya kerangka Lévi-Strauss dan Binary Opposistion digunakan untuk menganalisis sistem pengkelasan motif yang menghubungkan motif tertentu dengan status sosial. Dapatan kajian ini menawarkan cadangan praktikal untuk mengaplikasikan motif tradisional dari sulaman dinasti Mancu dalam produk kontemporari. Ia sekaligus menyumbang kepada usaha pemuliharaan dan menghidupkan semula warisan tekstil Manchu dalam konteks kontemporari
Strategic Procurement and Supply Chain Resilience in Tech Retail: An Insights from Monaliza Mastura
No full textNeed a laptop that runs fast, looks cool, and doesn’t burn your wallet? Just ask around in Kelantan—chances are, someone will say, “Pergi kedai Monaliza!” What started as a small gadget stop is now a tech paradise where customers walk in confused and walk out confident, armed with the right device and maybe even a free mouse. This isn’t just a store—it’s an experience built on helpful advice, smart pricing, and a whole lot of heart.
This case study explores the genius behind Monaliza Mastura’s business growth and outlines four critical elements of its success story
Effect of Banana Peel and Titanium Dioxide Hybrid Fillers on Natural Weathering Degradation of Unsaturated Polyester Resin Biocomposites
No full textThe composite used nowadays is made up of synthetic fibre, which does not satisfy the sustainability issue and is expensive. The making of a hybrid composite by using organic reinforcement with inorganic filler will show new advantages besides improving properties. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of natural weathering degradation study of unsaturated polyester (UPE) hybrid composite materials made up of different percentages of banana peel powder (20, 18, 16, 14 and 12%) and titanium dioxide (2, 4, 6 and 8%). The fabrication method is used to combine banana peel powder and titanium dioxide to produce a hybrid composite by using a hot press machine. The hybrid composites were exposed to natural weathering for two weeks before being tested. The chemical constituents, mechanical properties and surface morphological characterisations before and after natural weathering exposure were also evaluated. Mechanical characterisation done by a universal testing machine (UTM) has found that the U80B12T8 hybrid composite with the highest percentage of titanium dioxide (8% titanium dioxide and 12% banana peel powder) demonstrated the highest tensile properties for both before and after weathering degradation. The surface morphological study conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that a composite with 20% banana peel reinforced 80% UPE (U80B20) presented the highest degradation with high cracking of banana peel fibre inside the UPE matrix, which contributed to the low composites’ mechanical properties. A hybrid composite with 12% banana peels incorporated with 8% titanium dioxide reinforced 80% UPE (U80B12T8) demonstrated low degradation, with almost no cracks and voids. This proved that the presence of titanium dioxide could reduce the degradation of hybrid composites against natural weathering
Determinants of Intention to Adopt the Nigerian Digital Currency, the eNaira: A Conceptual Framework
No full textThis research extends the Unified Theory of Adoption and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model by incorporating variables such as security, government regulatory, and a new moderating variable, technology awareness. This is achieved through an empirical review of relevant studies and the development of a conceptual framework for adopting Nigeria\u27s digital currency, the eNaira. The proposed framework aims to guide future research on technology adoption in developing countries. Existing studies reveal that digital currencies have higher adoption rates in Western nations compared to non-Western ones. However, the distinct challenges and characteristics of emerging nations limit the direct application of findings from developed countries. Therefore, considering Nigeria\u27s specific context, this study examines the critical factors influencing the intention to adopt the eNaira. These factors are integrated into a framework designed to address issues related to the adoption of eNaira among Nigerians. This research enhances and validates the UTAUT model, contributing to the academic literature. Practically, it offers insights into key factors that can improve eNaira adoption, supporting government organizations and policymakers in increasing the digital currency\u27s adoption in Nigeria and any other developing country
Breaking Barriers: Women’s Ventures In The Digital Realm A Systematic Literature Review
No full textIn the rapidly evolving landscape of digital platforms, the rise of women entrepreneurs has become increasingly prominent. Despite traditional barriers, more women enter digital entrepreneurship seeking flexibility and income contribution. However, challenges such as limited resources and societal norms persist. This paper presents a systematic literature review exploring the challenges, opportunities and dynamics of women\u27s ventures in the digital realm. The study utilized a systematic literature review of research published between 2017-2024, sourced from Scopus and Web of Science databases. Thematic analysis is applied to classify findings into reasons and challenges driving female participation in digital entrepreneurship. The review identifies digital platforms as crucial for offering women flexibility and market accessibility, essential for managing work and family commitments. However, gender disparities, family responsibilities and limited access to resources remain significant barriers. This study contributes a comprehensive synthesis of existing literature on women\u27s entrepreneurship in the digital space, highlighting the need for supportive ecosystems, policy interventions, funding and digital literacy programmes in fostering a more inclusive and equitable environment for women entrepreneurs to thrive
The Use of Meta-Analysis to Examine Talent Shortage Dynamics in Islamic Banking Institutions
No full textThe Islamic banking industry\u27s rapid global growth, driven by increasing demand for Sharia-compliant financial solutions, has exposed a significant challenge: talent shortage. This study addresses a research gap by systematically reviewing and synthesising 42 studies published between 2000 and 2023 that examine the multidimensional causes of talent shortages in Islamic banking. Data were collected from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and industry reports, applying thematic coding to identify key patterns. Results reveal that lack of awareness and education (76% of reviewed studies), cultural and religious barriers (54%), compensation discrepancies (48%), regulatory complexities (43%), and regional disparities in talent availability (39%) are the most cited causes. The findings are framed using Human Capital Theory and Institutional Theory to provide both practical and theoretical insights. The study proposes strategic recruitment, retention, skill development, and industry competitiveness enhancement initiatives to address these shortages. Practical implications for policymakers, HR managers, and education providers are discussed to ensure long-term sectoral sustainability
Freshwater fishes of Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus: a preliminary checklist
No full textThe fish fauna was surveyed in Sungai Buloh and Sungai Lachang which flow through the Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) Jeli Campus area. Both rivers are tributaries of the Sungai Golok drainage, which runs through Kelantan state and serves as a major border between Malaysia and Thailand. The objectives of this study were to document fish species checklist distribution within Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli Campus and accessed the status of freshwater fishes, according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The fish sampling was conducted in February and May 2022 in two sampling point inside UMK Jeli Campus area. During the survey period, 40 native species from 18 different families were identified and documented. Family Cyprinidae recorded the highest number of total species with 25% of total species followed by family Danionidae, 10% and family Balitoridae, 10%. The introduced species, Oreochromis niloticus, was not observed during the survey, despite the fact that the species is commonly used for aquaculture activities on campus.
Keywords: Fish, fauna, river, freshwater, checklis
Estimating Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Cocopeat-Perlite Mixtures Using RETC Software
No full textCocopeat in soilless culture needs to be mixed with other coarser substrate to increase aeration medium. Hydraulic conductivity is fluid ability measurement to flow through pore spaces happens in saturated and unsaturated conditions. This study focused to estimate cocopeat-perlite unsaturated hydraulic conductivity using RETC software. 6 treatments were used, 100% cocopeat act as control treatment (T1), while treatments with different cocopeat-perlite ratio (T2=3 cocopeat:1 perlite;T3=2 cocopeat:1 perlite;T4=1 cocopeat:1 perlite;T5=1 cocopeat:2 perlite;T6=1 cocopeat:3 perlite) has been use for cocopeat-perlite unsaturated conductivity determination. Results obtained were compared using van Genuchten–mualem model, van Genuchten–Burdine and Brooks-and-Corey model with RETC software. Increase in perlite ratio, increases the hydraulic conductivity changes rate as the porosity in substrate increase, thus increase in plant roots aeration. T2 and T3 served as aeration improvement for cocopeat medium without rapid water loss in crop cultivation. In comparing results in Brooks-and-Corey and van Genuchten-Mualem, the derivation of hydraulic conductivity is increases as approaching to saturation point. However, to obtain accurate results when n is larger than 2, the van Genuchten model was preferable due to no bubbling pressure effect that may resulting in discontinuity happened near slopes at saturation point