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Validation of Extraction Methods of Marine Debris in the Ocean Using Satellite Remote Sensing
Get PDFThe flow of marine debris in the ocean causes extensive damage to coastal environments. It is considered important to understand the flow of marine debris in the ocean for environmental research purposes. The small size of most marine debris in the ocean means that marine debris cannot be confirmed directly, even when a high-spatial-resolution satellite image is used. Thus, in order to extract candidate pixels containing possible marine debris, pixels with spectra that differ from those of the surrounding ocean and the wave crests were identified. As a first step towards monitoring marine debris, a method for identifying marine debris floating on the ocean was proposed that used a histogram showing the distance from the regression line of the scatter diagram of satellite spectral bands. In this paper, a new method using spectral angle mapper(SAM)in four or eight dimensional space corresponding to satellite spectral bands is proposed. And the validity of the method using SAM is also discussed.departmental bulletin pape
Development of a New Test to Evaluate Cognitive Decision Making in Toddlers Towards a Proposal of Risk-avoidance Behavior Taken from Exercise Play
Get PDFIn toddlers, exercise stimulation affects neurodevelopment. Neurodevelopment is very important at the time of risk avoidance because it also affects the quality of cognitive decision making. Here, this study aims to develop a new test to evaluate cognitive decision making in toddlers; based on the results, it aims to propose an effective exercise play to promote risk avoidance. To develop a highly practical and valid evaluation method for a test procedure that toddlers can easily understand, a measuring instrument (Takei Scientific Instruments-original model) for a game-like rock-paper-scissors test was produced. This instrument displays images of the hand signals for rock, paper, or scissors above a monitor and is able to measure the reaction time for toddlers to press a button on a monitor to the hundredth of a second. Cognitive decision making was evaluated based on the selection-reaction time. The selection-reaction time in toddlers (win condition, tie condition) and a seven-item physical fitness test were evaluated. The results showed a significant correlation between selection-reaction time (win condition) and basic motor skills (running, jumping, throwing).Risk-aversion behavior requires the development of cognitive decision making. Therefore, it is important to have an effective exercise that promotes risk avoidance and contains elements such as running, jumping, and throwing. Thus, we have proposed a paper-rock-scissors basket-goal game that includes the skills of running, jumping, and throwing, and it is presently being implemented at nursery schools and promoted via public awareness.departmental bulletin pape
Environmental Education Based on Cooperation between University and Community - Activities Involving Rainwater Harvesting and Green Wall Cultivation -
Get PDFIn recent years, climate change has been due to global warming, and it has been predicted that there are various influences from all Representative Concentration Pathways' (RCP) scenarios. Global warming has been caused by human activity worldwide, and clearly by our daily lives. To resolve this problem, it is therefore necessary to raise personal environmental awareness, in which environmental education for the general public plays an important role. In this study, we introduce an environmental education trial for local residents using a rainwater harvesting tank and green wall previously provided to elementary and junior high schools. We also describe the role of the university in environmental education for resolving global environmental problems.departmental bulletin pape
About a Historical View on the Architect V. Scamozzi's Architectural Theory in the 16th Century Italy
Get PDFThis paper aims to make clear the historical evaluation about the architectural theory of the architect Vincenzo Scamozzi in the 16th century Italy. In the 16th century, Italy pushed forward the universalization of the concepts that integrate each art. Yet, Scamozzi constituted a logic that puts Architecture in a high position and puts Painting/Sculpture in its subordinate position. In this logic, the concept that has an important role is “scienza". Architecture becomes a more excellent art than Painting/Sculpture, on the condition that it secures the inevitable relationship with the scienza. Scamozzi's architectural book “Idea della architettura universale" is the concept that was composed by the scienza. This paper makes the historical value about the architectural book which proves such thing clear.departmental bulletin pape
Examine the Relationship between Dynamic Balance and Physical Fitness Tests in Preschool Children
Get PDFThis study examined the relationship between dynamic balance tests and various physical fitness tests in preschool children. The subjects were 22 preschool children (age, 5.0+0.4years; height, 107.3+5.7cm; weight, 17.9+3.4 kg). Dynamic balance was assessed by walking the length of a balance beam several times (beam height, 30cm; width, 10cm; length, 200cm) and walking a pathway (width, 10cm; length, 200cm). Physical fitness was assessed with activities such as a 25-meter run, continuous bilateral hopping, upright hand standing, standing long jump, and catching a ball. Significant moderate or high correlations were found between the dynamic balance tests (r = 0.57), between walking the balance beam and continuous bilateral hopping tests (r = 0.47) and catching a ball tests (r = 0.71), and between walking a pathway and catching a ball tests (r = 0.57). In conclusion, both walking a balance beam and pathway showed a relationship to coordination. Walking a balance beam successfully was also positively correlated with agility. However, the relationships between these two dynamic balance tests were not as high. Hence, walking a balance beam may be related to a different ability than what is needed to walk a pathway.departmental bulletin pape
A Difference of Sense between Japan and US about Disclosure
Get PDFIn the middle of 1980s, Japanese company had important part in the world economy. The source of power was Japanese management style. The style included Keiretsu. Keiretsu have an enterprise group with linked capital. For example, Mitsubishi, Sumitomo Group and so on. A deficit in trade with Japan triggered the Japan-US Structural Impediments Initiative talks. In the talks, US pointed out Keiretsu relationship. And US urged to improve that. Japan accepted US requirement. After that, Japan corresponded to improve Japanese accounting disclosure system. The accounting disclosure system took in segment information.departmental bulletin pape
A Capital Asset Pricing Model with Time-varying Beta and Markov-switching Volatility
Get PDFWe investigate time variation in Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) betas across stock market volatility regimes. For our analysis, we jointly model TOPIX Core 30 Index constituents stock returns using three-state Markov-switching process, with betas allowed to vary in low, medium, and high volatility regimes. The time-varying betas help explain market dynamics much better than the unconditional CAPM. Our empirical findings suggest strong evidence of time variation in betas across three-state volatility regimes in almost all the cases. With this perspective, it is clear that the proposed model in this study would be useful for financial practitioners who invest in stock markets.departmental bulletin pape
Study on Combined Disasters Based on Avalanche and Earthquake
Get PDFThe big earthquake occurred in Japan. Some typical example, Niigata-Chuetsu earthquake in 2004, North-Nagano earthquake in 2011, occurred and damaged by the shocks of the earthquake. And domestic about 50% are a heavy snowfall area. In Japan, The disaster in the heavy snowfall area has lately attracted considerable attention. In this study, we consider combined disaster based on avalanche and earthquake.departmental bulletin pape
Reconsideration of a Method of Teaching the Verb BE
Get PDFIn February, 2015, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan gave some universities a request for improving their educational content. The verb BE is often picked up as inappropriate content taught in university. However, to acquire how to use the verb BE correctly is difficult for Japanese learners of English, so this paper shows some causes which make it difficult for Japanese learners to use the verb BE correctly, and then shows a new method for Japanese learners to acquire the usage of the verb BE.departmental bulletin pape
Two-Photon Ionization of Chrysene and Phenanthrene in Cyclodextrin Aqueous Solution
Get PDFFormations of chrysene (Ch) and phenanthrene (PH) radical cation and hydrated electrons during two-photon ionization (TPI) of Chand PH in the presence of cyclodextrins (CD) were studied by transient absorption measurement using 266-nm laser flash photolysis (LFP) technique. Ionization of Ch occurred within the time interval of the laser flash (5 ns) to give the radical cation, which was confirmed by the observation of hydrated electrons at 720 nm in the presence ofα-, β-and γ-CD in water. The electron was generated by two-photon excitation by means of simultaneous irradiation from a 266-nm laser. The ionization quantum yield (Φion) of Ch obtained by LFP in the presence ofα-, β-and γ-CD(1.0×10-2M)were 36.2±2.2%,1.2±0.7%and 0.8±0.4%, respectively. Additionally, Φion of Ch in the presence of CDs was due to the stabilization energy of solvation. These behaviors suggest that the useful two-photon ionization results from the complexes of Ch and α-, β-and γ-CD, respectively. In the case of changed concentration of CDs (from 1.0×10-2M to 1.0×10-3M), Φion of Ch in the presence ofα-CD was dependent on the fluorescence lifetime (τ).In contrast, Φion of Ch in the presence of β-and γ-CD increased with decreasing β-and γ-CD concentration, and independent on the τ. This result suggested that increase of Φion was due to the stabilization energy of solvation with change of formation of inclusion complexes Chand CDs. In this study, we found that TPI of Ch depended on the properties of the complexes with CDs. Finally, we compared Φion of Ch and PH, which was observed two-photon ionization process of PH in the presence ofα-, β-and γ-CD in water.departmental bulletin pape