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Between Consistency and Adaptation: How Middle Managers Shape Compensation System Implementation
Full text linkThe success of a human resource management (HRM) system or subsystem, such as a compensation system, hinges on its implementation—yet the microfoundations of this process remain underexplored. To address this gap, we conducted two studies. Study 1 surveyed middle managers and employees in six organizations to examine their attributions of problems with compensation systems and their perceptions of compensation system effectiveness. We found that both groups identified design problems; managers emphasized administrative problems, whereas employees focused on implementation problems. These differing attributions shaped their views of compensation system effectiveness. To further unpack the challenges middle managers face, we analyzed data from Study 2, a 6-year long in-depth case study, exploring how and why middle managers varied in their implementation strategies. We found that middle manager identification with the system and their perceived agency explained their implementation strategies, ranging from championing to compliance, and from appropriation to resignation. Together, the studies reveal persistent tensions between consistency and adaptation in HRM implementation. To address these tension, we introduce the concept of internal flexibility—the capacity of middle managers to adjust formal HRM practices during the implementation process to align them with their work unit's needs—as a critical yet underexplored dimension of HRM effectiveness.yesPublishe
Colloquies on European Civil Procedure Exploring the ELI-UNIDROIT Model European Rules of Civil Procedure
Full text linkThis volume brings law to life through a free and lively dialogue on the new Model European Rules of Civil Procedure. In it, some of Europe’s leading jurists engage in a free-wheeling discussion of the most important issues in procedural law today. With its elegant style and unconventional intellectual approach, Colloquies stands out as a rare gem of comparative legal literature.YesPublishe
Modelling in-hospital length of stay: A comparison of linear and ensemble models for competing risk analysis
No full textLength of Stay (LoS) for in-hospital patients is a relevant indicator of efficiency in healthcare. Moreover, it is often related to the occurrence of hospital-acquired complications. In this work, we aim to explore time-to-event analysis for modelling LoS. We employed competing risk models (CR), as we considered two mutually exclusive outcomes: favorable discharge and deterioration. The explanatory variables included the patient’s sex, age, and longitudinal vital signs collected from a dataset comprising admissions. To address sparse measurements, we transformed longitudinal vital signs into cross-sectional statistics. Our approach involves data pre-processing, imputation of missing data, and variable selection. We proposed four types of CR models: Cause-specific Cox, Sub-distribution hazard, and two variants of Random Survival Forests, with both generalised Log-Rank test (cause-specific hazard estimates) and Gray’s test (cumulative incidences estimations) as node splitting rules. Performance in LoS CR models was evaluated over a time frame from 2 to 15 days. Additionally, we considered baselines with two well-established clinical early warning scores the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS). The best model was Random Survival Forest using Gray’s test split, with Integrated Brier Score[×100] of 0.386, C-Index above 99%, and Brier Score below 0.006, along the entire time frame. Employing cross-sectional statistics derived from vital signs, along with rigorous data pre-processing, outperformed the degree of correctness of modelling LoS, compared to NEWS and MEWS.This research is supported by the Spanish State Research AgencyAEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER, UE, under the projects S3M1P4R: PID2020-115882RB-I00 and SPHERES: PID2023-153222OB-I00. It is also funded by the Basque Government (Eusko Jaurlaritza, EJ-GV) under the strategy ‘Mathematical Modelling Applied to Health’, the BERC 2022–2025 programme, and the Health Department of the Basque Government (Osasun Saila, Eusko Jaurlaritzako) under grant number 2018111094. Additionally, this research has received support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, MCIU) under the BCAM Severo Ochoa accreditation CEX2021-001142-S. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.YesPublishe
Schopenhauer and the fourfold root of the principle of aesthetics
No full textEste artículo sostiene una visión integral de la recepción estética en Schopenhauer. Aunque ésta debería incluir las nociones de desinterés y de resignación, tan sólo éstas pueden ser entendidas completamente a partir de la noción de sublime, tal y como la entiende este filósofo. El sublime en Schopenhauer es un concepto altamente original, y tiene dos aplicaciones explícitas. Por un lado, el pensador refiere un sublime cósmico, referido a la naturaleza en su conjunto, y por otro, al pequeño mundo del hombre. Este segundo sublime tiene además aplicaciones morales, como la resignación. De hecho, la resignación presupone la compasión, del mismo modo que la compasión presupone el sublime schopenhaueriano, que a su vez procede de la radicalización del concepto de desinterés en este sistema. Una comprensión integral de la experiencia de la belleza y el arte en Schopenhauer debe incluir estos cuatro conceptos, a los que he llamado cuádruple raíz.This article holds an integral view of the aesthetic reception in Schopenhauer. This may include notions such as disinterest and resignation, but these two can only be fully understood from the notion of sublime, as we find in Schopenhauer’s account. The sublime in Schopenhauer is a highly original concept, and it has two explicit applications in this framework. On the one hand, the thinker refers to a sublime cosmic, referring to nature as a whole, and on the other, it is referred to the smaller world of man. This second sublime also has moral applications, just equally as resignation has. In fact, resignation presupposes compassion, in the same way that compassion presupposes the Schopenhauerian sublime, which in turn comes from the radicalization of the concept of disinterest in this aesthetic system. A comprehensive understanding of the experience of beauty and arts in Schopenhauer may include these four concepts, which. I have called the fourfold root.YesPublishe
Building the evidence-base: Methodological advancement in research on entrepreneurship and well-being
Full text linkFor understandable reasons, hitherto most published research on entrepreneurship and well-being has prioritized interesting research questions and the development of theory aimed at understanding the unique well-being challenges in entrepreneurship. With this special issue and editorial, we seek to initiate a conversation on how to enhance the methodological rigor in this area of research to build a more robust and reliable evidence base. We consider why methodologically robust research is needed and the methodological challenges of conducting such research in entrepreneurship in general and on entrepreneurs’ well-being in particular. We also introduce the papers included in this special issue and outline avenues for future research on entrepreneurship and well-being that is methodologically robust while advancing our understanding of entrepreneurs’ well-being in new ways.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This publication was part of the R+D+i project PID2020-114751RB-I00, aid financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.YesPublishe
Digital maturity of young people – unfolding dependencies between core dimensions and national context as external factor by using a machine-learning approach
No full textIn recent years, the interest in determining what constitutes a beneficial use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has increased, especially with a focus on young people and their digital maturity. To design effective interventions for promoting beneficial digital engagement among young people, it is crucial to understand the interdependency between the core capabilities and digital maturity. Furthermore, how external factors, such as national context, might influence the establishment of an overall index score. Therefore, this paper sets out to validate the digital maturity index and determine the most important dimensions as well as explore if the measurement framework can be considered independent from national context. To do this, we collected data across multiple rounds from 2021 to 2022 (N = 2804) in five European countries (AT, DE, GRE, SLO, DK) and explored it using a novel machine learning approach. We conclude that digital maturity dimensions need further in-depth investigation as some dimensions are subject to more volatility with regard to the context and content of the study. Furthermore, national context plays a crucial role in not only young people's use of ICTs but also in their development of digital maturity.The work presented here has been developed in the context of the Digymatex project. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 870578.YesPublishe
Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Engagement with Open Source Communities, Innovation, and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub
No full textWe study the engagement of nascent firms with open source communities and its implications for innovation and attracting funding. To do so, we link data on 160,065 U.S. startups from Crunchbase to their activities on the open source software development platform GitHub. In a matched sample of firms with and without GitHub activities, difference-in-differences models reveal a substantial increase in the likelihood of being funded after early stage startups engage with open source communities on GitHub. This relationship is weaker for firms that employ GitHub for internal development only. Startups developing novel technologies tend to benefit more from engaging with open source communities, unlike those in highly competitive environments. This heterogeneity highlights a potential trade-off between engaging with open source communities and appropriability. To provide insight regarding mechanisms, we classify startups’ technology use-cases on GitHub using machine learning and exploit data on product launches. Our results from these additional analyses support the notion that one important channel potentially driving our findings is the access to external knowledge for technology development provided by open source communities. Engaging with these communities may thereby aid startups in innovating and creating a (minimum) viable product.A. Conti and C. Peukert received financial support from the Swiss National Science Founda-tion [Project IDs 100013_188998 and 100013_197807]. M. Roche received financial support from theHarvard Business School Division of Research and Faculty Development.YesPublishe
Financial reporting of European banks during the GFC: a pitch
Full text linkThis short paper applies the pitch template developed by Faff (2015a), for a proposed accounting research project on financial reporting of European banks and the global financial crisis. I begin by giving a brief background to writing the pitch. I then give a brief commentary on my pitch, followed by a few key personal reflections on the pitch exercise itself.YesPublishe
COVID-19 death toll predictions show that triggering counterfactual thinking deteriorates judgmental performance
Full text linkBackground
Effective communication during a health crisis is critical as it directly influences psychological and behavioral responses that will shape the further progression of the crisis. Past research has suggested that one type of cognitive mechanism that is likely to be affected by the framing of public health messages relates to counterfactual thinking.
Methods
Based on 6731 incentivized daily forecasts collected over 377 days (from April 2020–May 2021), we investigate the role of triggering counterfactual thinking when interpreting public information regarding the daily US death toll from COVID-19.
Results
Here we show that individuals who engaged in thinking about “interventions that could have led to an alternative evolution of the death toll” prior to making forecasts exhibit greater judgmental bias in their predictions compared to the control group. Specifically, subjects in the treatment group tend to generate upward counterfactuals and underestimate the death toll, potentially due to anchoring on more favorable scenarios and insensitivity to trend changes. Interestingly, this behavior is also observed among individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 (or someone in their close social circle).
Conclusions
Our findings underscore the importance of using debiasing strategies and neutral communication during health crises to mitigate the generation of upward counterfactuals, thus reducing the likelihood of systematic misperceptions and flawed decision-making.yesPublishe
A Quantitative Approach to Multimodality: An Application to the Creative Process of Van Gogh
Full text linkThe paper proposes a quantitative approach to analyzing a “strong” form of multimodality, based on the co-emergence of a key connecting element in different modes of data. It provides a methodological template for the simultaneous analysis of visual and verbal data, which is applied to the domain of creativity. We expand the possibilities for analyzing creativity as a process by drawing on the “Janusian” tradition, using opposition as the key connecting element between the verbal and visual modes. The research context is the creative process of Vincent Van Gogh (1881–1890), as reflected in his letters and paintings. The visual analysis attests to the growing presence of contrast of complementary colors, while the textual analysis provides evidence for increasing affective, cognitive, and behavioral ambivalence. The results corroborate the validity of the method by demonstrating the co-emergence of visual and verbal opposition over time. The method can be used for purposes of exploration or validation. It has broad applications in organizational scholarship.yesPublishe