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Becoming the other. The role of princes, presbyters and pilgrims in Kyivan Rus′ new Christian identity
Full text linkAfter the late conversion of Kyivan Rus′ in 988, the Orthodox Church became one of the most relevant institutions in the newly Christian polity. From being heathen traders of Scandinavian origin, they eventually became the new Jerusalem, particularly after the Fall of Constantinople. Christianisation was a process that had many political, economic and social ramifications. The present chapter analyses some of the most visible forms of this new Christian identity. On the one hand, the Christian propaganda of the ruling elites, but also the proliferation of religious buildings, which transformed the landscape of Rus′ and, eventually, the growth of local pilgrim’s tales to the Holy Land, whose purpose was to serve as models for others to follow. The appropriation of Byzantine Christian culture and heritage was key in the self-definition of the Rus′ as a Christian people. In this process, Kyivan letters also inherited a Christian geography and cosmogony that were previously unknown to them in their religious dimension and that contributed decisively to situate Kyivan Rus′ within the topography of the Christian oikoumene.yesPublishe
Certainty in holistic thinking and responses to contradiction: Dialectical proverbs, counter-attitudinal change and ambivalence
Full text linkThe present research examined whether consideration of individuals' certainty in their holism can enhance the ability of this individual difference to predict how they respond to contradiction-relevant outcomes. Across four studies, participants first completed a standardized measure of holistic-analytic thinking. Then, they rated how certain they were in their responses to the holism scale or were experimentally induced to feel high or low certainty. Next, participants were exposed to dialectical proverbs (Study 1a and 1b), to a counter-attitudinal change induction (Study 2), or to a paradigm of attitudinal ambivalence (Study 3). Results revealed that participants with higher certainty in their holistic thinking exhibited higher preference for dialectical proverbs (Study 1a and 1b), changed their attitude less following a counter-attitudinal task (Study 2) and showed weaker correspondence between objective and subjective ambivalence (Study 3). Beyond examining new domains and discovering novel findings, the present work was designed to be the first to show moderation of previously identified effects in the domain of holistic thinking and responses to contradiction.This paper was funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE Grants No PID2022-139380NA-I00 (granted to David Santos) and PID2020-116651GB- C31 (granted to Pablo Briñol).YesPublishe
Populist Syndrome and Nonmarket Strategy
Full text linkAlthough recognized as a defining feature of the current political era,populism and its implications for non-market strategy remain undertheorized. We offer a framework that (a) conceptualizes populism and its progression over time; (b) outlines the risks populism generates for firms; and (c) theorizes effective nonmarket strategies under populism. Our framework anchors the political risk profile of populism in three interdependent elements: anti-establishment ideology,de-institutionalization,and short-term policy bias. These elements jointly shape the policymaking dynamics and institutional risks for firms under populism. Our analysis shows how firms can calibrate two nonmarket strategies – political ties and corporate social responsibility – to mitigate populism-related risks. We specify how particular configurations of political ties and CSR activities,aimed at the populist leadership,bureaucrats,political opposition,and societal stakeholders,minimize risk under populism. Further,we theorize how the effectiveness of specific attributes of political ties and CSR – namely their relative covertness (more vs. less concealed) and their relative focus (narrowly vs. widely targeted) – varies as a function of firm type (insiders vs. outsiders) and the probability of populist regime collapse. Finally,we address how motivated reasoning may bias firms' assessments of regime fragility and resulting strategy choices. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Management Studies published by Society for the Advancement of Management Studies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.The authors thank for their invaluable feedback the participants at seminars organized by the Non-Market Strategy Research Community; the GSB Stanford Political Economy Group; and the International Business Department at the University of South Carolina.yesPublishe
Socioemotional wealth in volatile,uncertain, complex and ambiguous contexts: The case of family firms in Latin America and the Caribbean
Full text linkThe paradoxical nature of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) provides unique opportunities to advance management theory. Focusing on a dominant theoretical framework,Socioemotional Wealth (SEW),we argue that contextual features of LAC,namely the concept of extended family and the volatile,uncertain,complex,and ambiguous (VUCA) environment,make family businesses “SEW intensive” (i.e.,high degree of preservation and enhancement of various aspects of SEW) and “SEW sensitive” (i.e.,high degree of firm responsiveness to external factors that are SEW-relevant). In turn,these SEW features influence decision making and approaches to dealing with performance hazards and venturing risks. While we use LAC as a specific context,our theorizing and 12 propositions are also relevant to guide future research on other regions of the world,such as parts of Africa,Asia,and the Middle East,where the concept of extended family is widespread and a VUCA environment is also predominant. Overall,we use the characteristics of the LAC context to challenge existing assumptions,advance theory,and guide future empirical research on family businesses. © 2023 The AuthorsyesPublishe
Recent developments in Behavioural Public Policy: IBPPC 2022
Full text link[No abstract available]yesPublishe
Endogenous Benchmarking and Government Accountability: Experimental Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Full text linkWhen do cross-national comparisons enable citizens to hold governments accountable? According to recent work in comparative politics,benchmarking across borders is a powerful mechanism for making elections work. However,little attention has been paid to the choice of benchmarks and how they shape democratic accountability. We extend existing theories to account for endogenous benchmarking. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as a test case,we embedded experiments capturing self-selection and exogenous exposure to benchmark information from representative surveys in France,Germany,and the UK. The experiments reveal that when individuals have the choice,they are likely to seek out congruent information in line with their prior view of the government. Moreover,going beyond existing experiments on motivated reasoning and biased information choice,endogenous benchmarking occurs in all three countries despite the absence of partisan labels. Altogether,our results suggest that endogenous benchmarking weakens the democratic benefits of comparisons across borders. © 2024 Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.Becher acknowledges financial support from IE University and IAST funding from the French National Research Agency (ANR) under the Investments for the Future (Investissements d'Avenir) programme, grant ANR-17-EURE-0010. Sylvain Brouard acknowledges the financial support from ANR–REPEAT grant (Special COVID-19) CNRS, Fondation de l'innovation politique, as well as regions Nouvelle-Aquitaine and Occitanie. Stegmueller acknowledges funding from Duke University and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017S1A3A2066657).yesPublishe
How do constitution-making processes fail? The case of Chile's Constitutional Convention (2021-22)
Full text linkThis introduction to the symposium 'How do Constitution-Making Processes Fail? The Case of Chile's Constitutional Convention (2021-22)' situates the project in the field of constitution-making,provides context regarding the Chilean case,summarizes some possible explanations for the failure,and describes how each article contributes to the symposium as a whole. © The Author(s),2023. Published by Cambridge University Press.yesPublishe
The Revolutionary Constitutions of the first Hellenic Republic: The Struggle between Tradition and Modernity
No full textIn 2022, Greece celebrated the bicentennial of the first revolutionary Constitution. Throughout the Greek revolution, three constitutional texts were put into effect, culminating in the establishment of the First Hellenic Republic. This article delves into the legal aspects of revolutionary constitutions, examining the ongoing struggle between tradition and modernity. The central argument posits that the revolutionary constitutions found themselves entangled in a tug-of-war between the traditional and modern conceptions of early constitutionalism, between Monarchies and Republics.
An intriguing insight emerges when we investigate primary sources. The position of the Great Powers is conspicuously reflected in Annex F of the Protocol of the Conference held on the island of Poros in September 1828. The minutes of the discussions among the representatives of the Great Powers explicitly reveal a skepticism towards the modern model of Republics. Simultaneously, there’s an expressed belief that only the traditional model of government, rooted in monarchy, could thrive, given the Greeks’ demonstrated weakness in managing political conflicts during the First Greek Republic.yesPublishe
Knocking on Heaven's Door? Entrepreneurship, Firm Growth, and Health Risks
Full text linkWe examine the physical health consequences to entrepreneurs of firm growth and decline. Using register-based panel data (2000–2021), we find that entrepreneurs and hired CEOs are, on average, healthier and live longer than individuals from a socio-economically similar random sample from the general population. However, our findings also reveal that entrepreneurs are more likely to fall ill during their tenure and die younger than hired CEOs. Importantly, our findings demonstrate that both cumulative exposure to growth and episodic, rapid declines in sales and in the number of employees are equally taxing for entrepreneurs and hired CEOs.yesPublishe
Soporte algorítmico con aversión al riesgo en problemas de asignación de recursos
Full text linkVivimos en la era de los algoritmos. En esta disertación, estudio cómo la exposición temporal a algoritmos adversos al riesgo puede influir en la toma de decisiones en problemas clásicos de asignación de recursos, como la gestión de carteras en finanzas y la gestión de inventarios en operaciones. Utilizando la heurística de anclaje y ajuste, obtengo mis predicciones sobre la influencia algorítmica y las pruebo mediante experimentos de laboratorio. En los capítulos 1 y 2, me centro en la gestión de la cartera de proyectos y el problema del vendedor de periódicos con artículos múltiples, respectivamente. En estos dominios, encuentro que las recomendaciones algorítmicas altamente reacias al riesgo tienen la mayor influencia en las decisiones de asignación de recursos, a pesar de que las personas evitan el consejo. Es importante destacar que los cambios en las decisiones de asignación de recursos tienden a persistir incluso después de que el algoritmo ya no esté disponible. El Capítulo 3 revela que estos efectos son similares independientemente de factores como la autonomía de decisión (es decir, si el algoritmo es asignado externamente o elegido por los propios sujetos) y la fuente de asesoramiento (es decir, humano o algoritmo). Además, encuentro que se pueden utilizar algoritmos con aversión al riesgo para mitigar significativamente el sesgo de "atracción hacia el centro" en el régimen de vendedores de periódicos de bajos beneficios. En general, demuestro la mutabilidad del comportamiento humano cuando se exponen temporalmente a ayudas algorítmicas con aversión al riesgo. Los hallazgos tienen consecuencias notables para las empresas que buscan estratégicamente utilizar herramientas algorítmicas adversas al riesgo para mejorar las decisiones de asignación de recursos sin restringir la autonomía gerencial.We live in the age of algorithms. In this dissertation, I study how temporary exposure to risk-averse algorithms can influence decision-making in classic resource allocation problems such as portfolio management in finance and inventory management in operations. Using the anchoring and adjustment heuristic, I derive my predictions regarding algorithmic influence and test them using laboratory experiments. In chapters 1 and 2, I focus on project portfolio management and the multi-item newsvendor problem, respectively. In both these domains, I find that highly risk-averse algorithmic recommendations have the strongest influence on resource allocation decisions, despite individuals hedging away from the advice. Importantly, the changes in resource allocation decisions tend to persist even after the algorithm is no longer available. Chapter 3 reveals that these effects are similar regardless of factors such as decision autonomy (i.e., whether the algorithm is externally assigned or chosen by the subjects themselves) and source of advice (i.e., human or algorithm). Additionally, I find risk-averse algorithms can be used to counteract the “pull-to-center” bias in the low-profit newsvendor regime. Overall, I demonstrate the mutability of human behavior when temporarily exposed to risk-averse algorithmic aids. The findings are of notable consequence to firms strategically looking to utilize risk-averse algorithmic tools to improve resource allocation decisions without curtailing managerial autonomy.Bouchikhi, Hamid (PRESIDENTE); Avgerinos, Emmanouil (SECRETARIO);
Jain, Kriti (VOCAL); Sinha, Shameek (VOCAL); Stouras, Konstantinos (VOCAL