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ResOfInflam: code to implement a mathematical model of the resolution of inflammation
No full textResOfInflam holds a selection of code to generate the figures found in the paper 'The resolution of inflammation: a mathematical model of neutrophil and macrophage interactions' (Dunster, J.L., Byrne, H.M. and King, J.R., (2014). The matlab code (sufix .m) provides time-dependent numerical simulations of the models while the XPP code (suffix .ode) can be used to investigate the models steady states and bifurcations behaviour
EEG data during 'peaceful' auditory processing at different tempi
No full textThis dataset accompanies the publication by Nicolaou et al. (2017), "Directed motor-auditory EEG connectivity is modulated by music tempo", Front Hum. Neurosci., doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00502. The purpose of the research activity in which the data were collected was to investigate how tempo affects the EEG connectivity between different electrodes. For this purpose the participants listened to 'peaceful' music clips at 4 different tempi (50, 100, 150 and 200 beats per minute). To isolate changes related to tempo from changes related to acoustic stimulation, the participants also listened to noise clips generated from the original music clips. Differences in connectivity from a resting state were also studied to isolate the effect of acoustic stimulation. The dataset contains the EEG data while the participants listened to the music and noise clips, and the EEG data from resting state
Input, validation and output data for the mechanistic earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) population model, EEEworm
No full textThe activities of ecosystem engineers are considered important to the soil functions
that underpin the provision of ecosystem services. Earthworms act as important ecosystem
engineers in soils, are extensively distributed across the globe, and often represent the most abundant animal biomass in terrestrial ecosystems. Their influence on the structural properties of soil and microorganism communities regulates soil organic matter (SOM) and promotes plant growth. Digestion and the creation of burrows and casts facilitate water and gas transport, incorporation of plant material in the soil and mixing of soil mineral and organic fractions, whilst an increase in water infiltration rates can decrease the potential for soil erosion by 50%, significant in the restoration of degraded land. These features make earthworms of great importance in managing ecosystem services. Crucial to food production from agriculture are the beneficial effects of earthworms on plant growth. Yet, under conventional agriculture, many of the beneficial properties of earthworm activity are replaced by the use of chemicals and mechanical management practices.
Proliferation of the deep burrowing anecic earthworm Lumbricus terrestris has been particularly well linked to various soil functions and ecosystem services. However, while L. terrestris is a dominant earthworm species in undisturbed habitats, their populations have been shown to greatly decline in conventional agriculture. Still, in reduced tillage agriculture a decline in mechanical disturbance allows for L. terrestris proliferation, whilst the activities of L. terrestris can replace many of the soil functions provided by tillage. In our paper (Forecasting tillage and soil warming effects on anecic earthworm populations) we present EEEworm, a mechanistic model of Lumbricus terrestris populations. We validate that the EEEworm model can predict individual and population-level dynamics as observed in independent laboratory and field trial data, and then use the model to explore the drivers of tillage effects on L. terrestris populations and project long-term consequences of different tillage intensities under future soil warming conditions.
In this dataset we provide EEEworm model simulation outputs for the simulations described in our paper, either at the individual-level in the laboratory or population-level in the field. Corresponding data from the independent studies, which are compared to our model outputs in the paper, are available from the various publications listed in the documentation. Input weather files are also provided, which were used to input weather conditions at INRA and Rothamsted experimental stations for the population-level simulations
Responses of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) yield parameters to heat stress treatments for five days during floral development and anthesis
Get PDFExperiments were conducted over two years to quantify the response of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to heat stress. Potted winter faba bean plants (cv. Wizard) were exposed to temperature treatments (18/10; 22/14; 26/18; 30/22; 34/26°C day/night) for five days during floral development and anthesis. Developmental stages of all flowers were scored prior to stress, plants were grown in exclusion from insect pollinators to prevent pollen movement between flowers, and yield was harvested at an individual pod scale, enabling effects of heat stress to be investigated at a high resolution. Susceptibility to stress differed between floral stages, flowers were most affected during initial green-bud stages. Yield and pollen germination of flowers present before stress showed threshold relationships to stress, with lethal temperatures (t50) ~28°C and ~32°C, while whole plant yield showed a linear negative relationship to stress with high plasticity in yield allocation, such that yield lost at lower nodes was partially compensated at higher nodal positions. Faba bean has many beneficial attributes for sustainable modern cropping systems but these results suggest that yield will be limited by projected climate change, necessitating the development of heat tolerant cultivars, or improved resilience by other mechanisms such as earlier flowering times
Partial eclipse, 20 March 2015: Met Office Unified Model simulations
No full textSimulations of the impact of the partial eclipse on 20 March 2015 on UK weather using the Met Office's UKV configuration of the MetUM forecast model.
The data were generated using the 'UKV' variable resolution forecast model in precisely the configuration used by the Met Office on the day of the eclipse. The simulations are based on version 9.0 of the Met Office's Unified Model (MetUM http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/modelling-systems/unified-model). The precise configuration is designated in the Met Office as 'Parallel Suite 35' (PS35), which includes a new dynamical core (ENDGAME) based upon iterative solution, and a 'blended' version of the boundary-layer scheme (in the high-resolution model), the main impact of which, at these resolutions, is to use horizontal mixing based upon that diagnosed in the vertical direction within the boundary layer.
Two runs were performed, detailed in the paper: Clark, P. (2016) Numerical simulations of the impact of the 20 March 2015 eclipse on UK weather. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Part A. ISSN 1364-503X (in press). Both use initial and boundary conditions used by the 03 UTC run of UKV on 20/03/2015. One run reproduces the operational run, taking no account of the eclipse, the second includes the simulated impact of the eclipse on n incoming solar radiation
The National Eclipse Weather Experiment Observations
No full textThis data set provides the citizen science weather observations that were submitted to the National Eclipse Weather Experiment during the solar eclipse on 20-03-2015. In this experiment citizen scientists across the United Kingdom were asked to make measurements of air temperature and visual assessments of wind speed, wind direction and cloudiness, throughout the duration of the eclipse. These observations were then submitted via a web form and collated into this data set
An Implicit Pictorial Report of Affective States
No full textThe aim of this study was to develop a new tool for obtaining subjective reports of an individual's affective state. Unlike popular tools which require explicit reports of affect, this tool impliments an implicit approach whereby participants match their affective state to pre-tagged emotionally loaded visual stimuli. For each trial, participants were emotionally stimulated by a single target visual stimulus and then provided with nine affective stimuli to match their emotional state to. To validate the reliablity and accuracy of this approach, the absolute difference between the affective properties of the target and respective response image was assessed. The dataset contains information regarding both the images chosen and those presented to each participant
Direct numerical simulations of turbulent flow over groups of buildings: DIPLOS-DNS-1
No full textThis dataset contains postprocessed numerical data from direct numerical simulations performed using the CgLES code of turbulent flow over a regular array of rectangular 2Hx1Hx1H buildings for two different wind directions: domain size 12Hx9Hx8H for 0 degrees and 12Hx12Hx12H for 45 degrees. The data contain horizontally-averaged profiles, as well as vertical and horizontal profiles at specific locations, of selected first and second-order turbulent flow statistics. Further computational details are given in the article 'Measurements and computations of flow in an urban street system' by Castro et al., Boundary-Layer Meteorol. (2016). CgLES is a parallel code for performing large-eddy simulations (LES) and direct numerical simulations (DNS) over complex geometry, developed at the University of Southampton. Details of the numerical methods are given in the article Coceal et al., J. Fluid Mech. 589, 375-409
Observed variability in charging of stratiform cloud edges
No full textThe data files contained within this data set relate to the paper "Observed variability in charging of stratiform cloud edges", by K.A. Nicoll and R.G. Harrison. The archived cloud and charge measurements were made from balloon borne sensors attached to standard meteorological radiosondes
Missing orographic drag leads to climate model biases in jet streams and storm tracks - Met Office Unified Model (UM) results
No full textThis dataset contains the UM experiments described and used in the paper 'Missing orographic drag leads to climate model biases in jet streams and storm tracks'. State-of-the art climate models generally struggle to represent important features of the large-scale circulation. Common model deficiencies include an equatorward bias in the location of the mid-latitude westerlies and an overly zonal orientation of the North Atlantic storm track. Orography is known to strongly affect the atmospheric circulation and is notoriously difficult to represent in coarse-resolution climate models. How the representation of orography affects circulation biases in current climate models is not understood. Here, we show that the effects of switching off the parameterisation of drag from low-level orographic blocking in one climate model resemble the biases of the CMIP5 ensemble: An equatorward shift in the Southern Hemispheric jet, an overly zonal wintertime North Atlantic storm track, and an increase in the Southern Annular Mode timescale. This suggests that the representation of the extratropical circulation in coarse-resolution climate models can be improved considerably by improving the parameterisation of low-level drag. In the file listing, 'UM std' refers to a 30-year AMIP-II run of the UM at N96 resolution with standard parameters. 'UM noblock' refers to an experiment in which the low-level drag scheme is effectively switched off by setting a tuning parameter to zero, all else being equal to 'UM std'