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Effect of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the Histoarchitecture of the Female Freshwater Catfish
Get PDFPesticides are a crucial element in enhancing agricultural production. If the benefits of pesticides encompass their potential to boost economic prospects through augmented food and fiber production and reduction of vector-borne diseases, then the drawbacks entail significant health consequences for humans and the environment. Fishes play a significant role in aquaculture, serving as an excellent source of protein for humans. Today, the effect of pesticides on fish growth, survival, and reproduction is a significant concern due to their interference with normal physiological processes in these organisms. The application of pyrethroid insecticides for managing insect pests has risen dramatically. The excessive application of synthetic pyrethroids is speeding up environmental and water resource pollution, endangering aquatic organisms and posing an indirect threat to human life. Although pyrethroid compounds show much lower toxic effects on birds and mammals than organophosphates, numerous laboratory studies have shown their impact on arthropods and fish. The USEPA registered lambda cyhalothrin, a widely used agricultural pyrethroid, in 1988 is highly toxic to fishes and aquatic invertebrates. This study was aimed to evaluate histopathological findings of two distinct sub-lethal concentrations of lambda cyhalothrin on freshwater catfish. The liver, muscle, gills, ovary, brain, heart, thyroid, and head kidney (adrenal) tissues were preserved in 10% formalin for histopathological examination and showed marked pathological changes when compared to the control group of fishes
Molecular Screening of Aconitum Heterophyllum Identifies Potential Inhibitors of Typhoid Fever – Target Typhoid – 1,3- Dehydroquinate Dehydratase
Get PDFBackground: Typhoid fever is a gram- negative bacterial infection caused by the bacterium called Salmonella typhi, a rod-like shaped pathogen. Salmonella typhi is both food-born and water-born pathogen. Developing nations exhibit a higher incidence of typhoid fever as a result of inadequate sanitation practices and incorrect use of antibiotics, hence fostering the emergence of drug resistance in the microorganisms known as bacteria Salmonella typhi. The enzyme "Typhoid-1, 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase" plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids, particularly in the shikimate pathway. The shikimate pathway is accountable for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids, namely tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan.
Aim & Objective: The present study, we retrieved 3 bioactive Compounds such as Aconitine, Anthorine, Hypaconitine which inhibit the target enzyme Typhoid- 1,3- dehydroquinate dehydratase may act as a potential therapeutic agent for management of typhoid fever.
Materials and methods: Docking simulations were performed by using the Lamarckian genetic algorithm (LGA) and the Solis & Wets local search method. Initial position, orientation, and torsions of the ligand molecules were set randomly.
Results: Binding of phytocomponents with the core amino acids (His 143 and Lys-170) of the target Typhoid- 1, 3- dehydroquinate dehydratase by forming hydrogen bond will hinder the function of the enzyme and thereby inhibits biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids essential for the survival of the pathogen S. Typhi.
Conclusion: This characteristic renders the pathway a selective target for antibacterial drugs. Thereby phytocomponents which inhibit the target Typhoid-1,3-dehydroquinate dehydratase may act as a potential therapeutic agent for management of typhoid fever
PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM FERMENTED FOOD WASTE AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES
Get PDFLactic Acid Bacteria producing bioactive compounds were isolated from semi rotten beans, idly flour and yoghurt. The isolated compound exhibited antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas species using agar spot test. The isolates that are obtained from the different sources grow in the medium nearly 6 to 7 pH, in which they produced bioactive compound extracellular at the highest level. The level of these compounds get increased in the medium with respect to the increase in bacterial growth. This study is to investigate the standardization of cultural conditions such as medium, pH and temperature that are needed for maximum antibacterial compound production and their stability against wide range of pH and temperature and also the evaluation of antibacterial compound activit
METHODOLOGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF EDUCATORS OF THE PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION
Get PDFThe article discusses reforms, innovations, and innovative changes beingintroduced into the preschool education system in Uzbekista
Correlation of HbA1c Levels with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by Nerve Conduction Study – A Retrospective Observational Study
Get PDFBackground Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common and disabling complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), often associated with poor glycemic control. While glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a key marker of long-term glycemia, its precise relationship with objective electrophysiological parameters remains variably reported. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between HbA1c levels and nerve conduction study (NCS) parameters in patients with T2DM and DPN.Methods Hospital-based retrospective observational study was conducted in a Tertiary Care Centre at Puducherry from March 1 to May 28, 2025. Seventy patients with confirmed T2DM, aged 30–80 years, who presented with neuropathic symptoms and underwent NCS were included. Patients with type 1 diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, vitamin B12 deficiency, or alcohol abuse were excluded. Clinical data, HbA1c values, and NCS parameters—including motor and sensory conduction velocity, amplitude, and latency—were extracted and analyzed. Pearson correlation was used to assess relationships between HbA1c, diabetes duration, and NCS findings.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 59.19 ± 11.7 years; 61.4% were male. The mean duration of diabetes was 9.19 ± 5.53 years and the mean HbA1c was 8.05 ± 1.53%. Axonal neuropathy was the most prevalent pattern (52.9%), followed by mixed (31.4%) and demyelinating (15.7%). A significant negative correlation was found between HbA1c and multiple NCS parameters: motor NCV (r = -0.28, p = 0.0181), sensory NCV (r = -0.23, p = 0.0485), motor amplitude (r = -0.36, p = 0.0018), and sensory amplitude (r = -0.29, p = 0.0144). Motor and sensory latencies were positively correlated with HbA1c (r = 0.26 and r = 0.27; p < 0.05). No statistically significant correlations were observed between diabetes duration and any NCS parameter.Conclusion Elevated HbA1c levels were significantly associated with reduced nerve conduction velocity and amplitude, and increased latency, suggesting a strong link between poor glycemic control and the severity of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. HbA1c may serve as a useful predictor of neuropathic risk, supporting the need for strict glycemic management and early electrophysiological screening in patients with T2DM
Social Media Usage and Its Psychological Impact: A study of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress among Adolescents in Lucknow
Get PDFThe increasing use of social media has significantly impacted communication patterns and psychological conditions, particularly among adolescents. A study in Lucknow, India, assessed the impact of social media use on depression, anxiety, and stress among 15-19-year-olds. The study used a cross-sectional quantitative design and 253 adolescents, primarily from rural areas. Results showed gender differences, with women experiencing more depression, anxiety, and stress than men. Higher social media use was associated with higher depression and stress scores, and a positive trend for anxiety. Linear regression confirmed social media use as an independent predictor of psychological distress, with moderate explanation. The study emphasizes the need for local mental health interventions, digital literacy courses, and gender-sensitive psychological interventions to counteract the negative impacts of problematic social media use during teenage years. It also underscores the need to address the rural-urban digital divide to promote positive mental health among Indian adolescents
CONTENT OF PROVIDING ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF PARENTS IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Get PDFSpecial attention is paid to family issues in our country. Chunonchi is consistently working in the field of implementation of its social functions, raising children, increasing improvement of housing, material conditions. After all, raising a child is a complex process. And the main focus of upbringing is the family. Upbringing is not only the personal work of the parents, but also their social duty. It is known that the dignity of a person is determined by his place in society, which in many respects will depend on his upbringing. Naturally, the parent is the person in charge of the first upbringing of the child. During the upbringing of children in the family environment, it is necessary to give them initial ideas about good and bad behavior about life, about the duties of people to society. Children's assimilation of tradition and existing positive habits in the family is of incomparable importance. It is known that children, parents and pedagogical workers in preschool educational organizations are participants in the preschool educational process. Parents have the right to choose the forms of teaching and upbringing for their children, the type of preschool organizations and the language of education, and preschool organizations can be required to treat their child's personality with respect
BLOCKCHAIN FOR DATA INTEGRITY IN PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE: CURRENT LANDSCAPE AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Get PDFData integrity is a fundamental rule of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Quality Assurance (QA) in the pharmaceutical industry which directly affects the level of product quality, safety of the patients, and compliance with the regulations. De-localized data systems that are conventional are prone to breach of regulations and compromise and inefficiency issues which expose them to risk of manipulation and loss of data too. Blockchain technology, and its two key attributes of decentralization, immutability, transparency, and cryptographic security, solutions to these problems are transformative. Blockchain is fully compatible with ALCOA+ principles (Attributable, Legible, Contemporaneous, Original, Accurate, and extensions) to compose tamper-evident, audit, and real-time records across the pharmaceutical value chain. Its uses include electronic batch records, change control, deviation management, audit trails, CAPA documentation, and supply chain traceability, and regulatory reporting. Moreover, smart contracts can help to adhere to the requirements of GMP automatically and avoid the risk of human error, increasing efficiency in the work. FDA, EMA, and WHO are also starting to appreciate the potential of blockchain, which reveals itself through pilot programs like MediLedger. Although it exists with several challenges like integration with legacy systems, cost, privacy, and a lack of global standardization, blockchain will transform QA systems with the power of predictive, data-driven, and proactive QA systems when combined with other Industry 4.0 technologies, such as IoT and AI. This review investigates the current trend of the blockchain as well as its probable applications, regulatory views, and future paths in pharmaceutical QA
Three-Dimensional Printing in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: Ensuring Data Integrity through ALCOA+ Principles and Regulatory Compliance
Get PDFThree-dimensional printing (3DP) or additive manufacturing is transforming pharmaceutical sciences by on-demand production of customized drug products. The technology provides patient-specific dosing, intricate geometries, and multiple drug combinations simultaneously, presenting solutions to special therapeutic needs populations. This review assesses the existing 3DP technologies relevant in pharmaceutical production and detects the data integrity, quality control, and regulatory compliance challenges. Most important to successful integration of 3DP in medicine is compliance with ALCOA+ principles to guarantee accuracy, traceability, and security of manufacturing and digital data. High-risk concerns like file tampering, firmware hacking, and version discrepancies are addressed along with solutions such as block chain, electronic batch records, and process monitoring systems. Risk assessment tools and regulatory guidelines (e.g., 21 CFR Part 11, EudraLex Annex 11) are addressed. The article summarizes that although 3DP facilitates never-before-seen tailoring as well as decentralization, its safe use in pharmacy application requires strong data management, guaranteed documentation systems, and quality controls integrated from design to finished product
ROLE OF HOMOEOPATHIC SARCODE FOLLICULINUM IN 200 POTENCY IN CASES OF AMENORRHOEA -A CASE SERIES
Get PDFBackground: Amenorrhea is a common gynecological complaint affecting women of reproductive age, with significant implications on their physical and psychological health. Conventional treatment often focuses on hormonal regulation, while homoeopathy provides individualized remedies based on symptom similarity. Folliculinum, a remedy prepared from ovarian follicle, has been clinically observed to play a role in regulating menstrual dysfunctions. Objective: To evaluate the effect of Folliculinum 200C potency in cases of amenorrhea and assess its potential in restoring normal menstrual function. Method: A case series of five patients presenting with amenorrhea was conducted. Detailed case histories were taken, and prescriptions were made on the therapeutic indication of Folliculinum 200C. Patients were followed up regularly over a period of three months, and clinical response was documented. Parameters assessed included onset of menstruation, regularity of cycles, and associated symptoms. Result: All five patients exhibited significant clinical improvement following administration of Folliculinum 200C. Restoration of normal menstrual cycles was achieved within three months of treatment. Improvement was also noted in associated complaints such as fatigue, mood disturbances, and hormonal imbalance symptoms. No adverse effects were reported during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The results of this case series suggest that Folliculinum 200C may be a useful homoeopathic remedy in the management of amenorrhea. The positive outcomes observed warrant further clinical research with larger sample sizes and controlled studies to substantiate the role of Folliculinum in menstrual disorders