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PHYSICO CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY OF GAURALA LAKE OF BHADRAWATI WITH RESPECT TO SEASONAL VARIATIONS D ISTRICT CHANDRAPUR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA.
Get PDFThe present research analyses the physicochemical characteristics of Gaurala Lake in Bhadrawati, D ist. Chandrapur,Maharashtra, India. The Gaurala lake water sample was studied monthly and seasonally at five different sites (G1 G5)from September 2023 to August 2024. The water samples were examined for 22 different parameters of physicochemical like C olour, Water Temperature, Transparency, Atmospheric Temperature, Turbidity, Conductivity, TotalSolids (TS), Total Soluble Solid (TSS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Conductivity,Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), pH, Free CO 2 , Total Ha rdness, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD),Magnesium,Chloride, Total Phosphorous, Nitrate, Calcium, Sulphate and Total Alkalinity. The values of physicochemical analysis showed variation in different seasons. The physico chemical analysis is important to study thequality of water and to preserve the health and balance of both abiotic and biotic components of the aquaticenvironment. The study revealed that the fluctuation of physico chemical parameters is due to the change in waterstatus during three different seasons. 
Genetic Diversity and Trait-Based Selection in Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.): A Multivariate Trait Analysis Approach
Get PDFAromatic rice holds substantial value in global and domestic markets due to its distinctive aroma, grain quality, and culinary characteristics. This study evaluated 50 aromatic rice genotypes, including breeding lines and landraces, over two consecutiveKharif seasons (2023–2024) at ANDUAT, Ayodhya, using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The objective was to assess genetic variability, identify key yield-contributing traits, and develop predictive models for grain yield. Thirteen quantitative traits were recorded following the Standard Evaluation System (SES) for rice. Descriptive statistics revealed considerable variability across genotypes, with grain yield ranging from 12.61 g to 62.38 g/plant and biological yield from 49.00 g to 154.00 g/plant. High genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and heritability values were observed for yield (256.71%), panicle-bearing tillers (81.80%), and biological yield (42.55%), indicating strong genetic control and potential for selection. Correlation and path coefficient analyses identified plant height (direct effect = 0.295) and tillers per plant (direct effect = 0.215) as critical determinants of yield. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) explained trait-driven variance, while hierarchical clustering grouped genotypes into distinct clusters for diversity assessment. Notably, genotypes AR-6, AR-24, AR-12, and AR-4 outperformed the check variety PB-1121 in multiple traits. With R² values demonstrating strong model fit. The integration of classical statistical tools and modern analytics provides a robust framework for identifying elite genotypes for aromatic rice improvement
Morphological characterization of bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]
Get PDFThe morphological characterization of bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] was undertaken to evaluate genetic diversity and generate valuable information for breeding programmes. A total of forty-six genotypes including nine promising parental lines and 36 hybrids were assessed at Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, during the Zaid seasons of 2023-24 and 2024-25. Morphometric observations were recorded on 18 traits, including vine length, stem internodes, leaf shape, tendril branching, fruit characteristics and seed shape. Significant genetic variation was observed across genotypes, particularly in fruit traits such as shape, skin colour and blossom-end structure. The findings underscore the importance of genetic diversity in bottle gourd for developing improved varieties with desirable agronomic traits. This study establishes a foundation for crop improvement
Characterization of distinctiveness in existing genetic resources of long melon (Cucumis melo var. utilissimus L.) by using morphological markers
Get PDFThe present investigation was carried out for successive two years during summer season of 2023 to 2025 to carry out characterization of 39 genotypes (27 F1 + 12 parents) including 1 check of long melon (Cucumis melo var. utilissimus L.) at Main Experimental Research Station, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh India. The seed materials for the present investigation comprised nine lines (NDLM-23-1, NDLM-23-2, NDLM-23-3, NDLM-23-4, NDLM-23-5, NDLM-23-6, NDLM-23-7, NDLM-23-8, NDLM-23-9), three tester (Kashi Santusthi, Punjab Long Melon, Kashi Vidhi) and 27 hybrids. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications and 16 morphological characters studied. The study highlights significant genetic diversity among long melon genotypes, which is crucial for breeding programs aimed at improving yield, quality, and resilience to various stresses. These findings demonstrate the potential for developing superior long melon varieties through targeted breeding strategies aligned with specific cultivation methods and market demands. Future investigations should prioritize testing these genotypes across a range of environmental conditions to ensure consistent performance. Additionally, the morphological traits of existing varieties were thoroughly characterized to confirm the uniqueness of the candidate variety, enabling their use as reference material for variety protection under the PPV&FR Act
Fiber Reinforcement in Polymer Composites: A Comprehensive Review of Material Properties and Applications
Get PDFOne of the most popular areas that have received a lot of focus concerns fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPs) that have desirable, naturally high mechanical characteristics, light weight, and flexibility in multiple applications. High-strength fibers, i.e. glass, carbon, and natural fibers with polymer matrix leads to the development of materials with unmatched mechanical and thermal properties. These composites are widely utilized in such industries such as automotive, aerospace industry, constructions, and the sports industry. This paper draws a critical review on fiber reinforced polymer composites with emphasis on fiber type, material characteristic, fabrication method and uses. The review examines the variations between the natural and synthetic fiber with focus on the merits and the problem facing each. It is shown that the use of natural fiber, in general, is especially interesting since it is sustainable, cost-effective, and biodegradable. Moreover, the paper explains the processing techniques which include, hand lay-up, resin transfer molding and compression molding and these techniques are paramount towards defining the final composite propriety. The epilogue of the paper reviews the present and future possibilities of fiber-reinforced composites and explains new directions in this field within the substitution of hybrid composites and the achievement of nanotechnology in solving material challenges
EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL FINANCIAL SERVICES IN ENHANCING FISHERY LOAN ACCESSIBILITY IN WEST BENGAL
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of digital financial services in enhancing fishery loan accessibility in West Bengal, India. A comprehensive literature review has been conducted to collect information from relevant books, journals, articles, reports, and government websites. However, this study has specifically focused on the “Matsyajeebi Credit Card (MJCC)” scheme, which is one of the current and active digital financial service systems applicable to fishery practices in West Bengal. This study has revealed that this digital banking or funding system in this state has helped to improve loan accessibility in the fishery industry. Many fishermen have benefited from such digital financial services, which further positively reflects the success and growth of the overall fishery sector
Nanoparticle-Mediated T-Cell Drug Delivery: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Cancer Therapy
Get PDFWorldwide, cancer is a major cause of death, and solid tumors represent unique challenges for treatment success. Although T-cell-based immunotherapies have enjoyed some success in hematological malignancies with CAR T cells and T-cell receptor-engineered therapies, they have limited efficacy against solid tumors because of poor tumor infiltration, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME), and antigen heterogeneity. Nanomedicine provides an excellent opportunity to overcome these barriers by enhancing T-cell functionality and achieving targeted delivery of drugs. With controlled release, this type of drug delivery system provides an improved pharmacokinetic profile with selective tumor-targeted delivery while minimizing systemic toxicity. In addition, T-cell-conjugated nanoparticles can enhance immune cell infiltration, modulate TME, and improve the persistence and activity of adoptive T-cell therapies. Therefore, this review focuses on the recent advances of T-cell drug delivery by nanoparticles to optimize T-cell therapy by enhancing tumor penetration and relieving immune suppression while increasing therapeutic efficacy. A special focus is also given to their applications in treating CNS tumors, where standard therapy faces added challenges instituted by the blood-brain barrier. This would reciprocally present an opportunity to synergize nanotherapy-T-cell therapy combinations toward improving therapeutic gains in solid tumors while expanding the applicability of immunotherapy in oncology
Biodiversity of Oak (Quercus leucotrichophora) Dominated Forest Stands in Mussoorie Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India
Get PDFThis paper presents the initial phase of developing the Malaysia Counsellor Performance Indicator (M-CPI), a new assessment tool designed to evaluate counsellor performance. Employing a mixed-method research design, the study commenced with a needs analysis conducted through an online survey, which garnered responses from 102 participants. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine (9) participants to identify essential components of the M-CPI. The analysis revealed eight critical domains of counsellor performance: (i) knowledge (theoretical and knowledge transfer), (ii) skills (case management, practical skills, and academic/professional writing), (iii) interpersonal relationships and interaction, (iv) cultural and religiosity, (v) professional roles and expertise, (vi) ethics and legality, (vii) attitudes and personality, and (viii) referral practices. The findings underscore the multifaceted nature of counselling competencies, laying the groundwork for the M-CPI and enhancing the assessment of counsellor performance in Malaysia
Camera-Based Machine Learning for Skin Disease Detection: An On-Device Diagnostic Approach
Get PDFOne of the biggest problems in the Indian medical system is the lack of healthcare workers. The ever-increasing population of India has exerted significant pressure not just on the medical infrastructure but has also overwhelmed healthcare workers. This situation has caused the wait times for patients to increase significantly; speeding up this process requires the use of artificial intelligence, especially on the diagnostic side. Dermatology is one branch of medical science where diagnosis can be aided with camera image-based machine learning. Diagnosis of surface-level skin diseases that are easily visible to the naked eye can be made much quicker using image-based machine learning. It will enable doctors to expedite their diagnosis and also reduce the likelihood of an incorrect diagnosis. For the purpose of this paper, such an app called Dermascan has been created to test the real-world applications of this hypothesis
Comparative Estimation of Ascorbic Acid in Healthy and Rust Infected Aonla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) Fruits: Insights into Plant Resistance Mechanisms
Get PDFAonla (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.), revered for its exceptional nutraceutical properties and therapeutic value, is a significant fruit crop in India and other tropical regions. Despite its hardiness, the crop is vulnerable to rust disease caused by Phakopsora phyllanthi, which adversely affects both yield and post-harvest quality. This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical response specifically Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) content of thirteen aonla cultivars under healthy and rust-infected conditions over two developmental stages (60 and 90 days after infection). Vitamin C content consistently declined under infected conditions, with NA-25, NA-26, and BSR-1 maintaining significantly higher levels compared to other genotypes, highlighting their superior nutritional retention and potential disease resilience. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the first component accounted for 95.72% of the variance, confirming its dominant influence. The PCA biplot analysis further illustrated strong associations between rust infection and biochemical degradation, particularly distinguishing between healthy and infected states via PC2. These findings underscore the importance of genotype-dependent variability in disease tolerance and offer valuable insight for breeding disease-resistant, nutritionally superior aonla cultivars