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DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM
Get PDFThe aim of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of the current national education system in promoting equitable access to quality education; the key issue being addressed is the disparity in educational outcomes across different socioeconomic groups, necessitating a comprehensive analysis of quantitative data on student performance metrics and qualitative data from stakeholder interviews to identify barriers and potential improvements within the system.This dissertation investigates the effectiveness of the current national education system in promoting equitable access to quality education, with a particular focus on the disparities in educational outcomes across various socioeconomic groups. Through a comprehensive analysis of quantitative data on student performance metrics and qualitative insights gathered from stakeholder interviews, the research identifies significant barriers to educational equity, including resource allocation, curriculum relevance, and systemic biases. The findings reveal that students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds consistently underperform compared to their peers, highlighting a pressing need for targeted policy interventions and resource distribution strategies. The significance of these findings extends into health outcomes, as education is closely linked to health literacy, access to healthcare services, and overall wellbeing. Improved educational equity could lead to enhanced health outcomes, thereby reducing disparities in healthcare access and quality. Moreover, the broader implications of this study underscore the essential role that education plays in the social determinants of health, suggesting that reforming the national education system could have far-reaching impacts on public health initiatives, workforce development, and socioeconomic mobility. Ultimately, this research provides a critical foundation for future policy discussions and actions aimed at fostering a more equitable education system that supports all students, while simultaneously addressing the interconnected challenges posed by health disparities
Scaling up Rural Sanitation - A Descriptive Study to assess the Sanitary Conditions among People in Rural Area of Tamil Nadu
Get PDFIn rural areas, open defecation; inadequate safe water; and poor personal hygiene increase chances of diarrheal diseases and helminth and hookworm infections. The study attempted to gauge the sanitary conditions and the standard of hygiene among the residents of Pulipakkam Village in Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu. Cross sectional descriptive study based among 126 randomly selected households was conducted in January to February 2019. Semi structured questionnaire was used to collect data the socio demographic information as well as information related to sanitation and hygiene behaviors. SPSS was used for descriptive analysis. Modified BG Prasad classification showed that among the 126 participants 38% belonged to middle class and 21% had education up to high school. Reportedly, 65% used toilets and 75.6% of them had separate toilets at home. Financial constraint (79.5%) was the principal reason why there were no toilets. Fifty eight point seven percent of the respondents relied on public taps as its primary source of drinking water. About 44 percent disposed of wastewater into open gutters and 33 percent disposed of it on the streets directly. Only 32.5% of the households practiced solid waste segregation and 50% disposed solid waste in dump site. The hand hygiene practices were suboptimal as 73.8% of them reported using soap after defecation where as 94.4% of them took daily bath. The possible sanitation and hygiene practices found in Pulipakkam Village are inadequate. Whenever behavioral change is to occur and the sanitation infrastructure of rural settings to be improved, targeted health education programs and enhancing community awareness are required
Study of Microbial Degradation of Bioplastic Sheets Prepared by Using Natural Polymer-Corn Starch
Get PDFInterest in creating eco-friendly substitutes like bioplastics has increased as a result of growing environmental concerns about non-biodegradable plastics. The microbial breakdown of bioplastic sheets made with natural polymers, such as corn starch, is investigated in the present research work. Bioplastic sheets made from corn starch, a renewable and biodegradable material, were examined under controlled microbiological experiments for their physical characteristics, biodegradability, and structural integrity. The corn starch bioplastic can be added with functional ingredients, for instance, antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, or color and flavor ingredients.The use of glycerol as a plasticizer gives flexibility to sheets and modifies the physical characteristics of starch-based sheets and coatings. Sheets prepared with starch are colorless and odorless, and the diameter of the sheets is 7.5 cm. Prepared sheets without homogenizer (white vinegar) are uneven and those with homogenizer (white vinegar) are even. Also performed SEM (scanning electron microscopy) to check the surface of bioplastic sheets.Microorganisms degrade natural polymers and synthetic polymers through a process called biodegradation. The study investigates the microbial degradation of bioplastic sheets made from natural polymers like corn starch. For this study, soil samples were selected as a source of potential microbes having degradation ability naturally. After the biodegradation study, bioplastic sheets were tested for structural integrity and physical properties under controlled experimental conditions. Results showed significant microbial degradation of bioplastic sheets and their potential as sustainable substitutes for traditional plastics. The significance of bioplastics derived from natural polymers in combating plastic pollution and advancing a circular bioeconomy is highlighted by the current research study
STUDY OF TEMPERATURE STABILITY OF PIGMENT OBTAINED FROM clitoria ternatea AND ITS APPLICATION AS NATURAL FOOD COLOUR
Get PDFClitoria ternatea is often referred to as the butterfly pea flower. Butterfly peas are easy to grow and flower all year, especially in the summer. Shankapushpi, also known as butterfly pea, is a perennial twining herb found in tropical equatorial areas. The plants are extremely adaptable to changing temperatures and humidity. Plants and microorganisms that produce pigments such as anthocyanins, carotenoids, and chlorophyll are used as natural food colors. Natural coloring agents are gaining popularity, as synthetic colorings have been linked to food intolerance, allergies, irritability, hyperactivity, and sleep disorders in children. Blue pigments are less readily available than red, orange, and yellow pigments. As public awareness of food safety improves, researchers propose utilizing plant-based colorants as a safer alternative to hazardous synthetic dyes. In the present research study, for pigment extraction, Clitoria ternatea flowers and water were mixed in a 1:100 (w/v) ratio and used for each experiment. The extract is subjected to heat treatment & analyzed by UV-visible spectroscopy & calorimetrically for colour stability. The thermal stability of the pigment was studied in pressure-cooked rice (wada kolam). The results showed that the pigment has temperature stability and can serve as a natural food colour for the cooking process
THE IMPACT OF MINDFULNESS-BASED PRACTICES ON REDUCING STRESS AND IMPROVING ATTENTION IN PRESCHOOLERS
Get PDFMindfulness-based practices (MBPs) have emerged as a powerful tool for enhancing mental health and cognitive functioning across diverse populations, including adults, adolescents, and school-aged children. However, their application in early childhood, particularly among preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years, remains an underexplored area of research. This article synthesizes current findings on the impact of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on reducing stress and improving attention in preschoolers, a demographic that is uniquely vulnerable to stress and still developing foundational cognitive and emotional skills. Early childhood is a critical period for brain development, and exposure to chronic stress during this time can lead to long-term adverse outcomes, including impaired attention, emotional dysregulation, and academic difficulties. Mindfulness practices, which emphasize present-moment awareness and non-judgmental acceptance, offer a promising approach to mitigating these challenges.Emerging evidence suggests that developmentally adapted MBPs, such as mindful breathing, body scans, and sensory-based activities, can effectively reduce stress-related behaviors and enhance attentional control in preschoolers. Studies have reported reductions in cortisol levels, a biological marker of stress, as well as improvements in emotional regulation and coping skills. Additionally, mindfulness practices have been shown to strengthen attentional capacities, including sustained focus, impulse control, and cognitive flexibility, which are essential for learning and social interactions. Despite these promising findings, the field faces several challenges, including the need for age-appropriate interventions, engagement strategies tailored to young children, and reliable measurement tools for assessing outcomes in this population.This article highlights the potential of MBPs to support healthy development in preschoolers by fostering resilience, self-awareness, and attentional skills. It also calls for further research to establish standardized protocols, evaluate long-term effects, and address implementation barriers. By integrating mindfulness-based practices into early childhood education, educators and caregivers may be able to equip young children with the tools they need to navigate stress, enhance their attention, and thrive in their formative years
Assessment of Odonate Diversity in Pandharkawada Forest Division of Maharashtra, India: Habitat Dynamics and Conservation Implications
Get PDFThis study investigates the diversity and distribution of Odonates across varied habitats in the Pandharkawada Forest Division, Maharashtra, India, focusing on wetlands, forest land, agricultural land, and urban areas. Odonates serve as bioindicators, making their diversity crucial for assessing ecosystem health. Wetlands in the division, though ecologically significant, are under threat from biotic pressures such as commercial fishing and domestic use, leading to habitat degradation. Saikheda Dam exhibited the highest Odonate diversity (H' = 1.37), followed closely by Muchi Dam (H' = 1.368) and Wai Dam (H' = 1.361). Forest habitats also supported a rich Odonate population, with Transect V (riverine area) showing the highest diversity (H' = 1.378). Agricultural lands adjacent to forest areas supported diverse populations, with wetland transects being the most diverse (H' = 1.384). However, urbanization and agricultural expansion threaten Odonate diversity through habitat loss, pollution, and pesticide use. The study highlights the critical role of wetlands and forested areas in sustaining Odonate diversity and emphasizes the need for conservation measures to mitigate the impacts of human activities. Continued monitoring and habitat restoration efforts are essential for preserving Odonate populations and maintaining the ecological balance in the region
Chemical Characterization Of Extracted Ginger Oil Using GCMS
Get PDFAromatic plants are the species whose leaves, flowers, roots or other parts produce and release pleasant smells. Essential oils are plant extracts which are highly concentrated and are obtained from different parts of plants.Steam Distillation method is used to extract the essential oil of Ginger due to its quicker extraction time ,and simplicity of use. Mainly those compounds are separated from this method which are highly sensitive to the temperature. And component are observed after the analysis of GCMS(Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry). After studying we found the component present in ginger are of mainly phenolic and tarpenoid compound. Eugenol is one of the compound which is found as phenolic and Endo Borneol as tarpenoid compound .While having the analysis we found 10 compounds are observed as major in which Eugenol having a percentage of 78.81
Socio-economic Effects of Flood Among Rural and Urban Farm Families in Flood-prone Areas of Imo State, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study investigated the socio-economic damages caused by floods in Imo State, Nigeria. A total of 650 farm families were selected randomly and purposively from Flood-prone communities of Imo State, Nigeria. The questionnaire was used to collect information on the causes of floods, damages, control measures, and challenges to the control of floods. Descriptive tools of measurement were used to analyze data. It was found that floods occurred concurrently in most communities from 1999 till year 2024. Floods occur due to two factors: natural causes and human causes of floods. Natural causes include prolonged heavy rainfall (M=3.80), climate change (M=2.78), low-lying topography (M=2.76), among others. The human causes include poor land use (M=3.25), increased urbanization (M=2.44), and blockade of waterways (M=3.05), among other causes. Flood control measures adopted include the construction of embankments (98%), tree planting (88.3%), digging trenches (92.9%), and relocation to safer places (98.6%), among other measures. However, they faced challenges adopting flood control measures, such as fear of being carried by water, low education, and lack of financial support, among other issues. Heavy flood has numerous life-threatening effects classified as environmental, infrastructural, and socio-economic. The infrastructural effects are destruction of utility works and social amenities (98.4%), homelessness and temporary dislocation (96.1%), interruption of the transport system (99.6%), damages to schools’ buildings (81.1%) and hospitals, loss of properties, damage to rural and urban roads and many more. The environmental effects of floods include loss of soil nutrients (93.8%), pollution of the environment (96.1%), loss of biodiversity (92.6%), leads to epidemics (89.3%), soil infiltration (76.6%), damages to water quality and quantity (94.9%) and many more. Socio-economic effects include loss of farm crops and farmland (99.5%), hunger and starvation (98.2%), poverty (90.2%), poor health status (94.1%), death of farm animals, damages to aquatic life, and the ultimate loss of human lives
“ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING SELFCARE AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS”
Get PDFTeenagers within the ages of 10 and 19 are considered teenagers by the World Health Organization, or WHO. It is sometimes referred to as "growing-up decades" or "not at all youngsters not grownups." The Latin term "adolescent," which means "to develop" or "to mature," is the root of the English word "adolescence."Life is a dynamic process in which a different stage comes and every stage of life comes with different problems. Adolescent is a period of transition between childhood and adulthood.Teenage girls are a particularly susceptible group, especially in India, where female children are often ignored. In Indian culture, menstrual is still seen as filthy or disgusting. Awareness and understanding of the topic are necessary for the response to menstruating. The method through which a girl understands about her menstruating and its related changes one may have an impact on her response to the event of menarche. Despite being a normal occurrence, menstruation is associated with a number of myths and behaviors that might occasionally have a negative impact on one's well-being
Sentient Systems and Sensitive Minds: Governing AI in Mental Health
Get PDFThe integration of technology in mental healthcare has evolved significantly, with recent years witnessing the increased adoption of machine-based systems for diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient interaction (Smith & Kumar, 2022). However, this technological shift has outpaced the development of appropriate legal and ethical frameworks, particularly in countries where mental health legislation is still evolving (Patel, 2021). This paper aims to critically examine the legal and ethical dimensions surrounding the use of advanced digital systems in mental health care. It focuses on identifying gaps in existing legal provisions, such as the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 (Government of India, 2017), and explores the ethical dilemmas posed by automated interventions in therapeutic contexts (Lee & amp; Tan, 2020). The study adopts a qualitative, doctrinal research approach. It involves a detailed review of statutory provisions, judicial interpretations, and scholarly literature related to mental health law and digital health technologies (Jones, 2019). Comparative analysis is also undertaken to explore international best practices and standards (WHO, 2020). The research reveals that current legal frameworks inadequately address issues such as system accountability, liability for harm, and algorithmic transparency (Chakraborty & Mehta, 2021). Ethical challenges include algorithmic bias stemming from non-representative data and the diminishing role of human empathy in care delivery (Nguyen et al., 2023). The lack of comprehensive data protection measures further aggravates concerns over patient privacy and trust (Roy & Singh, 2022). To ensure responsible integration of digital systems in mental health services, a robust regulatory framework is essential. This should include updated legal provisions, ethical oversight, and safeguards for data privacy. Balancing innovation with accountability will be critical in protecting the rights and well-being of individuals seeking mental health care (Desai, 2021)