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Sustainable Fabrication of TiO₂ Nanoparticles: For Enhanced Cytotoxicity and Photocatalytic Efficiency
Get PDFKaas plateau isolated Bacillus halodurans bacteria used for synthesis of TiO2 NPs. The NPs show maximum absorbance at 384 nm. The functional groups of biomolecules play significant role in capping and stabilization of NPs. XRD indicates pure anatase tetragonal crystal nature of NPs. TEM show spherical morphology of TiO2 material having mean diameter 33 nm. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) indicates a large specific surface area 13.0665 m2/g with mesoporous nature. TiO2 NPs exhibiting 99% degradation performance of diazo dye Red HE3B within 30 min and 92% MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell growth inhibitory activity. Degradation pathway of Red HE3B was predicted on basis of LC-MS. Phytotoxicity of degraded metabolites showed enhanced growth of seedlings. TiO2 NPs showed enhanced anticancer activity against human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 tumour cells with 56.41 μg/ml IC50 value
A Study of Identification of Capital Budgeting Tools applied in Investment Decision
Get PDFA study of the identification of capital budgeting tools applied in investment decisions is crucial as it provides insights into the financial methodologies and practices that firms employ to evaluate and prioritize their long-term investment projects. By understanding which tools are most effective in forecasting returns, assessing risks, and optimizing resource allocation, companies can make more informed and strategic decisions, ultimately enhancing their financial performance and competitive edge. Such a study also helps in identifying gaps and opportunities for improving decision-making processes, ensuring that investments contribute positively to the firm's growth and sustainability
Issues & Challenges of Merger & Acquisition for Indian Companies in the Global Market
Get PDFMergers and Acquisitions (M&A) are critical growth strategies for Indian companies seeking to expand their global footprint. However, these transactions are inherently complex and present numerous challenges that can significantly impact their success. This research paper examines the key issues and challenges Indian companies face during M&A processes in the global market. Among the most pressing concerns are cultural integration, alignment of business strategies, regulatory hurdles, and managing employee morale and retention. Additionally, the complexities of cross-border legal frameworks and due diligence processes can pose significant barriers. The paper emphasizes the importance of strategic alignment, effective communication, thorough due diligence, and post-merger integration planning as critical factors for successful M&A outcomes. By analyzing landmark cases of M&A in India, the paper provides insights into best practices for navigating these challenges, ultimately offering a roadmap for Indian companies to enhance the effectiveness of their global M&A transactions. Through careful preparation and execution, companies can mitigate risks, capitalize on synergies, and realize the full potential of M&A deals
Assessment of Genetic Diversity of aromatic rice genotypes for BPH resistance using SSR marker
Get PDFNilaparvata lugens L., also known as the Brown Plant Hopper (BPH), is one of the most damaging insect pests that significantly reduces the output of the majority of rice varieties in Asia and India. A normal phloem feeder, that is. Thus, the current work was conducted to molecular characterize the BPH population using SSR markers in order to provide a thorough understanding of the diversity of BPH in aromatic rice germplasm. Finding the presence of brown planthopper (BPH) resistance genes in certain rice varieties is the primary objective of the current study in order to supply starting material for the breeding program of BPH resistant rice varieties. In this study, several molecular markers were used, such as RM185, RM216, RM209, RM463, and RM588 etc, and associated with BPH resistance genes Bph4, Bph12, Bph10, QBph4.2, and Bph7. The average PIC value for all the amplified SSR marker was 0.186 and the average number of polymorphic alleles was 47.00. The resolving power range between 3.708- 1.833. All 48rice germplasm were categorized into three clusters. cluster I had maximum germplasm by UPGMA. This leads to the conclusion that molecular screenings of rice crops employing SSR markers gave sufficient knowledge on biotic tolerance traits at the molecular level. This research will be used in future strategic crop enhancement breeding programs
EVALUATING THE AQUATIC HEALTH: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF UJANI RESERVOIR, MAHARASHTRA
Get PDFThe Ujani Reservoir serves as a primary water source for the Pune, Ahilyanagar, and Solapur districts, fulfilling various needs such as agriculture, small-scale industries, electricity generation, drinking water, fishing, and tourism. Over a two-year period, from November 2021 to September 2023, we conducted a bimonthly analysis of the physico-chemical parameters of water, including temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, total hardness, nitrates, chlorides, phosphates, dissolved oxygen (DO), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). This study involved fifteen different sampling sites, including backwater wetland areas along the Bhima River basin and the catchment area of the Ujani Reservoir. The selected sites for this research were Daund (S-1), Ajnuj-Devulgaon (S-2), Pedgaon (S-3), Baradgaon Sudrik (S-4), Khed-Shimpora (S-5), Rajegaon-Bhigwan (S-6), Khanota (S-7), Diksal (S-8), Kondhar Chincholi (S-9), Kumbhargaon (S-10), Dalaj (S-11), Palasdeo (S-12), Parewadi (S-13), Chikhalthan No.1 (S-14), and Shiral (S-15). Our findings revealed that many of the physico-chemical parameters at several sampling sites exceeded the permissible limits set by IS, ICMR, BIS, and WHO, indicating that the water quality is unsuitable for both drinking and irrigation purposes. Seasonal variations in these physico-chemical parameters significantly influence the biological communities in and around the water bodies, as well as the biodiversity of aquatic birds
BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE DOPED WITH POLYINDOLE AND ITS WOUND HEALING PROPERTIES
Get PDFMagnesium oxide is recognized for its antimicrobial characteristics, stability, and biocompatibility, rendering it a significant material for biomedical applications. MgO was amalgamated with polyindole, a conductive polymer, to create a composite with augmented biological activity. The composite's structural and morphological characteristics were analyzed using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and EDAX to verify its composition and crystallinity. The Magnesium oxide doped polyindole composite demonstrated significant antibacterial efficacy, essential for infection prevention in wound healing. Furthermore, it stimulated fibroblast proliferation and expedited wound healing, indicating its promise in tissue regeneration. The integration of polyindole enhanced the material's conductivity and its interaction with biological systems, hence enhancing its efficacy. The findings indicate that the Magnesium oxide doped Polyindole composite is a viable material for wound healing and regenerative medicine, providing both antimicrobial protection and improved biocompatibility
Genetic characterization of chickpea genotypes using principal component analysis in diallel mating design
Get PDFExperimental material consisted of 10 parents and 45 crosses, these crosses were developed by using half diallel mating design. 55 genotypes were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. Crop geometry consisted of four rows per plot, each measuring 4 meters in length, with a 30 x 10 cm gap between each row and plant. Only three of the nine PCs had an Eigen value greater than 1.0 and a variability of 73.56%. While PC2 accounted 20.38% of the total variation and was strongly correlated with plant height, days to 50% flowering, number of primary branches per plant, and seed yield, PC1 contributed 38.83% of the total variation and was positively correlated with days to flowering and days to maturity. Primary branches per plant, secondary branches/plant, pod/plant, harvest index, seed output, days to 50% flowering, and days to maturity are all related to PC3, which accounted for an extra 14.33% of the overall variation. Using a hierarchical clustering technique, 55 genotypes were divided into 6 clusters. For the majority of the parameters examined, the current study showed that the chickpea germplasm exhibited significant genetic variation
PHYTOCHEMICAL ESTIMATION AND IN VITRO CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFICACY STUDY OF CARDIOSPERMUM HALICACABUM LEAF EXTRACT
Get PDFBackground: Cardiospermum halicacabum L., commonly known as balloon vine, is used extensively in traditional medicine due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties. However, its capacity to suppress lipid absorption and inhibit cardiovascular disease is not well understood. The present study aims to establish the phytochemical constitution of C. halicacabum leaves and evaluate their lipid-lowering and cardioprotective effects through comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies.Methods: The study involved exhaustive phytochemical analysis, i.e., total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and instrumental determination by GC-MS and HPLC. Lipid-lowering efficacy was assessed by in vivo zebrafish model of hyperlipidemia, where lipid load was analyzed using Oil Red O staining. Cardioprotective activity was screened through in vitro experiments on H9c2 cardiomyocytes with induced oxidative stress, i.e., cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, and apoptosis markers.Results: Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenolic acids, and terpenoids. Quantitative analysis revealed high phenolic content (27.3 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (22.1 mg QE/g), suggesting high antioxidant activity of the extract. GC-MS and HPLC profiling identified bioactive peaks corresponding to lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory activity. The zebrafish model exhibited a significant reduction (~30%) in lipid absorption in extract-treated groups, reflecting inhibition of lipid absorption via saponin-binding bile salt and flavonoid-induced inhibition of pancreatic lipase. Cardioprotective effects were observed in vitro via assays with the extract that enhanced cell viability (~25%), suppressed ROS (~35%), and reduced caspase-3 activity (~30%), all reflecting the extract's ability to avert cardiac damage caused by oxidative stress.Conclusion: The study herein lays strong evidence for C. halicacabum having lipid-lowering and cardioprotective activities through its high phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, and lipid metabolism modulation
Recent Advances and Challenges in Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanocarriers for Oral Drug Delivery
Get PDFLipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers (LPHNPs) have gained significant attention in oral-drug delivery due to their ability to combine polymeric nanoparticles' structural integrity with the biocompatibility and enhanced permeability of lipid-based carriers. These hybrid nanocarriers offer improved drug stability, controlled release, and enhanced bioavailability, making them a promising platform for delivering a wide range of therapeutic agents. Despite these promising features, several challenges prevent their clinical translation. Further studies should focus on developing scalable and reproducible fabrication techniques, optimizing surface functionalization strategies, and conducting in-depth toxicological studies to confirm the effective and safe clinical application of LPHNPs. Addressing these limitations will successfully translate LPHNPs into clinical practice, offering a revolutionary approach to oral drug delivery. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structural elucidation and classification of LPHNPs, with various fabrication methods and recent advances in LPHNP synthesis and surface functionalization in enhancing drug targeting, mucoadhesion, and circulation time. Additionally, recent advancements in the therapeutic applications of LPHNPs for improving oral bioavailability are highlighted, showcasing their potential to address solubility and permeability challenges
Comprehensive review on Saussurea costus: Exploring Antimicrobial potentials
Get PDFSaussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch., commonly known as Kuth or Costus, is a high-value medicinal plant from the Himalayan region and used traditionally in all forms of traditional medicines like Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani. This comprehensive review explores the antimicrobial potential of S.costus emphasizing its ethnomedicinal use in traditional practices, its intrinsic phytochemistry, and its pharmacological interpretation. The roots of S. costus contain numerous bioactive compounds, especially sesquiterpenes (costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone), and they have been known to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties. A total of thirteen antimicrobial studies is reviewed, covering various extracts of methanol, ethanol, chloroform, aqueous, and essential oils tested against a wide spectrum of bacterial and fungal strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger. The results of the review reveal significant antimicrobial activity, especially in methanol and chloroform extracts, particularly against multidrug-resistant strains. Thus, the traditional use of Kuth against respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin ailments complies with the scientifically validated antimicrobial effects. This review emphasizes the therapeutic value of S. costus as a potential natural antibiotic and advocates for further clinical validation and pharmacological developments to support its integration into modern therapeutic applications