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Nurturing After Birth Obstetric Nurses as the First Line of Defense Against Sepsis
Get PDFPuerperal sepsis remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries like India. Gaps in self-care and awareness among postnatal mothers increase this risk. Obstetric nurses play a key role in guiding mothers through structured education during the vulnerable postnatal period. The main objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of an obstetric nurse-guided intervention on self-care practices for the prevention of puerperal sepsis and the level of well-being among postnatal mothers.METHODS AND MATERIALS:A quasi-experimental design was adopted among 60 postnatal mothers selected by purposive sampling and assigned to experimental (n=30) and control (n=30) groups. The experimental group received a four-week nurse-guided intervention on self-care, while the control group received routine care. Data were collected using validated tools (WHO-5 Well-Being Index, Modified Self-Care Questionnaire) and analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics.RESULT & DISCUSSION:Pre-test showed average self-care (86.7% experimental, 90% control) and poor well-being (60%, 53.3%). Post-test, good self-care (66.7% vs. 23.3%) and well-being (73.3% vs. 20%) improved in the experimental group (p<0.001). These results indicate that both demographic and clinical factors strongly influence postnatal self-care and well-being. Similar findings by Masih and Balusamy (2023) and McCauley et al. (2021) highlight the role of socioeconomic and contextual determinants in shaping maternal outcomes, reinforcing the need for tailored, context-specific postpartum interventions.CONCLUSION:Nurse-guided intervention improved postnatal self-care and well-being, reducing infection risk and supporting better maternal outcomes through structured care
COMPREHENSIVE ENDODONTIC TREATMENT OF MANDIBULAR FIRST MOLARS WITH RADIX ENTOMOLARIS AND PARAMOLARIS VARIATIONS: FOUR CASE REPORTS
Get PDFRadix entomolaris (RE) is a distolingual supernumerary root most commonly associated with permanent mandibular first
molars and presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges during root canal treatment. This case report describes the clinical
diagnosis and endodontic management of a mandibular first molar with RE in 4 cases, highlighting access refinement, glide
path establishment, curvature negotiation, and obturation strategies tailored to the additional root
THE ROLE AND IMPACT OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE IN MODERN FOOD PROCESSING
Get PDFMonosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, a naturally occurring amino acid abundantly present in food
and the human body. Widely used as a flavor enhancer, particularly to intensify the umami taste, MSG has been incorporated
into the food industry for over a century. It naturally exists in many food products such as stews and meat-based soups and is
often associated with fermented items like soy sauce and hydrolyzed vegetable proteins. While MSG has faced public
scrutiny—most notably through concerns related to "Chinese Restaurant Syndrome" (CRS)—scientific studies using double
blind placebo-controlled trials have not consistently validated such adverse reactions. Under normal metabolic conditions, the
human digestive system effectively breaks down glutamate, and the amounts used in food are considered safe. This review
aims to provide a concise overview of MSG’s role, functionality, and safety in food applications
MITIGATING SALMONELLA RISKS: PREVENTION, FOOD SAFETY PROTOCOLS, AND HANDLING GUIDELINES
Get PDFSalmonella is a leading cause of food borne illness globally, posing significant public health and economic challenges.
This paper explores comprehensive strategies to mitigate the risks associated with Salmonella contamination in food
systems. It examines the microbiological characteristics of Salmonella, common sources of contamination, and
transmission pathways. Emphasis is placed on evidence-based prevention strategies, including hygienic food handling,
proper cooking and storage practices, and cross-contamination control. Additionally, the paper reviews regulatory
frameworks and food safety protocols, such as Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP), which are critical in
managing Salmonella risks across the food supply chain. The goal is to provide actionable guidelines for food industry
professionals, public health officials, and consumers to reduce infection rates and enhance food safety
SELECTIVE CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF ALLIUM ASCALONICUM ETHANOL EXTRACT AGAINST HEPG-2 CELLS VIA ROS-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS
Get PDFCancer remains a leading global health concern, necessitating the search for effective and less toxic therapeutic agents
from natural sources. This study investigates the anticancer potential of ethanol extract of Allium ascalonicum (shallot)
against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) cells, with Vero cells used as a normal control. The cytotoxic effects
were evaluated using the MTT assay, while DAPI and DCFDA staining were employed to detect apoptotic nuclear
changes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, respectively. The extract demonstrated significant, dose-dependent
cytotoxicity in HepG-2 cells, with an IC50 value of 80 μg/mL, and showed minimal toxicity in Vero cells, indicating
selectivity. DAPI staining revealed characteristic apoptotic nuclear condensation, and DCFDA results confirmed enhanced
ROS production in treated cancer cells. These results suggest that Allium ascalonicum ethanol extract induces ROS
mediated apoptosis and may serve as a promising, selective anticancer agent for liver cancer therapy
A Study on Serum Testosterone Levels in Type 2 Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Males in a Tertiary Care Centre at Ariyur, Puducherry
Get PDFIntroduction:Diabetes mellitus is on a rise each year that rises the complications caused by the metabolic disorder. The complications include the microvascular and macrovascular ones. It was estimated that in the year 2019, 1.6 million died due to diabetes mellitus and is expected to only increase in the upcoming years. Studies had reported lower levels of testosterone among males suffering from type II diabetes than those who had no diabetes.Aim and objectives:The present study was done to compare the testosterone levels between those with type II diabetes mellitus and who were normal. The secondary objective was to correlate serum total cholesterol with the glycaemic status.Methodology:This cross sectional study carried out in a tertiary care hospital at Puducherry for a period of one year. Diabetic and non-diabetic males who were above 18 years of age attending to the outpatient department and inpatients were the study participants.Results and Discussion:Serum Testosterone was found in lower range among Type 2 Diabetic Males when compared to non-diabetic males which was statistically significant. The serum testosterone levels were also negatively correlated with fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar and HbA1C levels, respectively
Technological Approaches and Quality Assessment of Mini-Tablets: A Review
Get PDFThe mini-tablets are a new solid oral dosage form, which is supposed to fulfill the emerging requirements of personalized drugs, particularly in the pediatric and geriatric patient groups. Mini-tablets can be characterized as a smooth tablet with a diameter of up to 3 mm; thus, it presents various benefits, such as excellent swallowability, flexibility in the dosing range, and excellent patient adherence. They may be manufactured to conventional processes, direct compression, dry and wet granulation with adaptations to suit their small size and low dose content. Mini- tablets may be prepared as immediate, sustained or pulsatile release systems, or formulated as biphasic release systems. They can also be coated to mask bitter tastes or deliver drugs specifically to various locations. They are used also in bioadhesive systems and floating and orally disintegrating formulations. Improved 3D printing and smart dispensing technologies also allow patient-specific dosing, digital health platform cross-over, and increased therapeutic success. The technological advancement of packaging like a stick pack, blister pack, capsule filling aids in maintaining a hygienic and precise dispensing. Nevertheless, issues like low drug payload, excellent production tolerance, and new, complicated packaging specifications shall have to be resolved. Nevertheless, despite these challenges, mini-tablets are a potentially valuable platform to deliver an individualized, safe, and efficient drug, a very positive step in the sphere of modern pharmaceutics
Optimized Horizontal and Vertical Dimension Selection using Hybrid Sampling and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis for Predicting Software Faults
Get PDFSoftware fault prediction is a significant research intended for ascertaining the faults in the software modules by analysing its various parameters. It aims at ensuring maximum quality with minimum time, effort, cost and usage of testing resources for the underlying software. Alike any application, the quality of the data prominently stimulates the prediction result of the software fault. Intrinsically, several challenges such as class imbalance, irrelevant and redundant attributes, instance noise exist in the software defect datasets. This inconsequential data not only leads to inaccurate prediction results but also slows down the performance of the underlying prediction model. To overcome this issue, a data pre-processing model has been proposed that selects the vertical and horizontal dimensions optimally to ensure input data quality. To handle data imbalance in the horizontal dimensions, the hybrid sampling that makes use of both SMOTE for oversampling and random under-sampling is applied over the data. It also uses the edited k nearest neighbour rule for removing noises. On the other hand, significant attributes from the vertical dimensions of the dataset are identified by applying the quadratic discriminant analysis. The experimental analysis has been made to evaluate the performance of the proposed pre-processing model using various datasets. The obtained results exhibit the effective performance of the proposed model as it ensures the data quality in the pre-processed dataset. The comparative study ensures that the proposed model addresses the challenges and achieves robust performance to predict the faults in the software module with increased quality up to 2.6% to 5.2% of AuC values
EFFICACY OF HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICNES IN THE TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA OF FEMALES WITH CONSTITUTIONAL APPROACH - CASE REPORT
Get PDFAnaemia is a serious public health problem, which affects the mental and physical development, as well as health maintenance and work performance. Iron deficiency is by far the most common cause of anaemia worldwide. About 2 billion people are suffering from varying degrees of anaemia in developing countries. The cases of iron deficiency anaemia are commonly found in day to day (routine) practice. A case of 34 years old female suffering from iron deficiency anaemia reported in the clinic was treated successfully within 5 months by individualised homoeopathic medicine Arsenicum Album 200 with repetition as per requirement. The evidence of improvement was reduced breathlessness and increased serum haemoglobin level
Insights into Pollinator Health and Sustainable Agriculture Inferences from Melissopalynological Investigation
Get PDFMelissopalynology, the analysis of pollen in honey, serves as a critical tool for understanding honeybee foraging dynamics and the botanical composition of honey across different ecological contexts. The present study investigates the seasonal variation in pollen composition of honey samples collected from eight agricultural landscapes in Kanpur and Unnao districts, Uttar Pradesh, India, encompassing areas viz. Rooma, Narwal, Shuklaganj, Dalhan, Barui, Asadhna, Saraiya, and Sarsaul. Pollen analysis was conducted using the Erdtman (1953) acetolysis method to detect pollen contents in honey samples. Results indicate a distinct temporal shift in pollen composition, with winter honey predominantly containing Brassica campestris, Solanaceae, Coriandrum sativum, and Bombax ceiba, signifying the critical role of Brassica sp. as a primary nectar source, to summer honey exhibiting dominance of Syzygium sp., Helianthus sp., Anacardiaceae, Poaceae, and Asteroideae, reflecting seasonal adaptation in honeybee foraging behavior. The findings underscore the significance of melissopalynology in elucidating pollinator-plant interactions, informing sustainable agricultural practices, and promoting biodiversity conservation. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential of melissopalynological analysis for assessing the impact of agricultural inputs and optimizing land management strategies. Longitudinal monitoring of pollen spectra in honey can provide valuable insights into the dynamic relationship between agricultural practices, pollinator health, and ecosystem stability.