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Effectiveness of a Novel Therapeutic Exercise Protocol for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Development and Validation of a Urinary Force Measurement Scale
Get PDFBackground: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most prevalent urological condition among aging men. Current pharmacological therapies offer symptomatic relief but often carry adverse effects. This study evaluated a novel, copyright-registered therapeutic exercise protocol and developed the Urinary Force Measurement Scale (UFMS) as an objective tool to measure urinary stream strength.Methods: Forty men with clinically diagnosed BPH (prostate volume >30 cc, IPSS ≥ 8) underwent an 8-week structured exercise program targeting pelvic floor and perineal muscles, combined with diaphragmatic breathing. Primary outcome was urinary force output (UFMS, 0–4). Secondary outcomes included International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), residual urine volume (ultrasound), and satisfaction (VAS). Pre- and post-intervention results were compared using paired t-tests. Results: UFMS improved from 1.4 ± 0.6 to 3.0 ± 0.7 (p<0.001). IPSS decreased from 19.5 ± 4.2 to 11.3 ± 3.7 (p<0.001). Residual urine volume reduced by 28% (p<0.01). Satisfaction improved from 4.2 ± 1.1 to 8.9 ± 0.8 (p<0.001). No adverse events occurred. Conclusion: This proprietary exercise protocol significantly enhances urinary flow and alleviates LUTS in BPH patients. UFMS is a practical tool for clinical and research applications
BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM THE BOX JELLYFISH-CHIROPSOIDES BUITENDIJKIFROM THE WEST COAST OF MUMBAI
Get PDFDuring low tide, box jellyfish (Chiropsoides buitendijki, Horst R, 1907) were gathered from Edwan village, located on Mumbai’s western coast. The species was identified by experts at the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) in Mumbai. To prepare a crude extract, 80% methanol mixed with 1% acetic acid was used.The crude extract was processed for the separation of bioactive compounds by using TLC. The separated bioactive compounds were further processed for their structural determination by using GC-MS and FTIR techniques. From the analysis, we confirmed eighteen compounds as Sulfuric acid dimethyl ester: Trans-(2 Chlorovinyl) methyldiethoxysilane,Ethanone, 1-(1a, trimethyloxireno[g]benzofuran-5-yl), 2, 3, 5,6a, 6b-hexahydro-3, 3, 6a 4-[(1R)-1-Aminoethyl]-N-4-pyridinyl-Trans cyclohexane carboxamide, Terbutaline, N-trifluoro acetyl-O, O, o-tris (trimethylsilyl) derive, Cyclopentasiloxane, Deca methyl, Phloroglucinaldehyde, tris(trimethylsilyl) ether, 5- [2- [4 (Ethoxy carbonyl) phenyl] diazenyl]-2-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid, Benzaldehyde, 4-methoxy , Benzaldehyde, 3-methoxy, o-Anisic acid, 3,4-dichlorophenyl ester, Decanoic acid, methyl ester, 8-Methylnonanoic acid, methyl ester, Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester, Tetra decanoic acid, 10,13-dimethyl-, methyl ester, Tridecanoic acid, methyl ester, Methyl stearate, and Heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-, methyl ester respectively.These isolated compounds revealed therapeutic applications that might help the pharmaceutical industry design novel medications in the future
A Pilot Study on the Association of the Upayoga samstha- Ashta Ahara Vidhi Visheshayatana Questionnaire (US-AAVVQ) with Glycemic Status and Indian Diabetic Risk Score (IDRS) in an Adult Population
Get PDFBackground: Diabetes mellitus poses a major health challenge in India. While the Indian Diabetic Risk Score (IDRS) is valuable for risk identification, comprehensive lifestyle and dietary assessments can provide crucial additional insights. Objective: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the novel Upayoga samstha- Ashta Ahara Vidhi Visheshayatana Questionnaire (US-AAVVQ) among healthy, pre-diabetic, and diabetic individuals; compare US-AAVVQ responses with IDRS; and analyze response variations by glycemic category, age, and sex. Methods: A cross-sectional survey involved 170 adults (35-65 years) from Sanjeevani Ayurveda Hospital OPD and village camps in Jodhpur. Participants, categorized by Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) per ICMR 2018 guidelines, completed the 55-item US-AAVVQ (assessing dietary habits, eating behaviors, meal experiences) and IDRS components via Google Forms. Results: Higher IDRS scores strongly correlated with pre-diabetic and diabetic status. The US-AAVVQ effectively differentiated glycemic groups: healthy individuals reported significantly more positive habits (e.g., "Always" fresh food, "Never" post-meal discomfort) compared to pre-diabetic (intermediate responses) and diabetic individuals (less favorable habits). While IDRS components varied by age/sex as expected, US-AAVVQ response variations by age/sex were not prominent after glycemic stratification within the 35-65 age group. Discussion & Conclusion: The US-AAVVQ demonstrates potential in differentiating individuals by glycemic status, aligning with IDRS. It offers granular insights into specific modifiable behaviors, complementing IDRS. This pilot study suggests US-AAVVQ could be a useful tool for assessing diabetes-related lifestyle factors in this Jodhpur population, but further validation in larger, diverse samples is essential to confirm its broader utility
SIGNIFICANCE OF IMMUNE-INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES IN ASEPTIC NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Get PDFThis article presents data on clinical manifestations and immunological parameters of patients with rheumatoid arthritis accompanied by aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. The results of studies have shown that clinical manifestations of the joint syndrome and immuno-inflammatory processes in RA with ANGBC have their own peculiarities. This is reflected in the aggressiveness of the joint syndrome, rapid progression of radiological changes against the background of persistent activity. RA with ANGBC is accompanied by suppression of T- and B-cell immunity on the background of which there is hyperexpression of proinflammatory cytokines
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF T-TUBE VERSUS ANTE GRADE STENTING OF CBD AFTER OPEN CBD EXPLORATION FOR CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS
Get PDFBackground: Choledocholithiasis is the second most common complication of cholelithiasis1 and causes non- malignant biliary obstruction.2Once CBD stones are confirmed, they were extracted out as early as possible to prevent complications. 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21 CBD stones can be removed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), or surgically, by an open or laparoscopic method but Open exploration is the principal method practicing from 100 years. 5After choledochotomy, it can further be managed either by primary closure of CBD, by T-tube drainage or by primary closure with biliary stent insertion.Aim: To compare the post-operative outcomes in patients of choledocholithiasis with or without cholelithiasis who underwent open CBD exploration followed by T-tube insertion or biliary stent placement.Study design: This was randomized comparative study conducted on 24 diagnosed patients of choledocholithiasis with or without cholelithiasis in the Department of Surgery, Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College, F/O Unani Medicine AMU, Aligarh during January 2020 to October 2022. Patients were divided in two groups (Group A and Group B), each having 12 patients.Methods: selected patients in the study were underwent CBD exploration for choledocholithiasis. out of which 12 patients in Group A underwent CBD exploration followed by T-tube placement and 12 patients in Group B underwent biliary stent insertion after open CBD exploration.Result: There were 22 females and 2 males out of 24 patients enrolled in the study. Mean operating time was significantly less in biliary stent group as compared with T-tube group (50.17+6.534 & 59.08+7.179, ‘p’=0.0043 and ‘t’=3.182). duration of post-operative hospital stay was less in group B as compared with group A (7.167+1.850 & 16.08+1.929 where ‘p’= 0.001 and ‘t’=11.56) which was statistically highly significant. wound infection was observed in 5 patients (41.6%) of T-tube group and 3 patients (25%) of biliary stent group. There were no post-operative complications in our study in both the groups.Conclusion: primary closure with biliary stent is better than T-tube placement after common bile duct exploration in terms of operating time, post-operative hospital- stay, post-operative complications, patient’s satisfaction, quality of life and early return to normal activity
Efficacy of Tagetes erecta (L.) Aqueous Leaf Extract against the Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita: In vitro
Get PDFRoot knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) are among the most destructive soil borne pathogens of vegetable crops, causing severe yield losses worldwide. In the present study, Meloidogyne incognita was identified based on microscopic examination of mature females, which exhibited diagnostic features including a pear shaped body, distinct stylet, thick cuticle, and a squarish dorsal arch with wavy forked striae in the perineal pattern. In vitro assays revealed that aqueous leaf extract of Tagetes erecta (L.) exhibited significant nematicidal activity against second stage juveniles (J₂) of M. incognita. Juvenile mortality increased with extract concentration, reaching 100% at 1000 ppm, followed by 89%, 72%, 61.5%, 51.5%, and 18.5% at 800, 600, 400, 200, and 100 ppm, respectively. Statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA) confirmed significant differences (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001) among treatments compared to the control. Probit analysis further revealed a progressive decline in LC50 values with increasing exposure time, from 220.85 ppm at 24 h to 120.45 ppm at 96 h, indicating enhanced nematicidal efficacy over time. These findings demonstrate that T. erecta (L.) leaf extract shows significant nematicidal potential and could serve as an effective botanical alternative for managing root knot nematodes
HISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF STROMAL MUCIN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ACROSS GRADED STAGES OF ORAL EPITHELIAL DYSPLASIA AND ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Get PDFBackground: Mucins are key stromal glycoproteins whose alterations play a role in oral carcinogenesis. Evaluating their distribution may provide insights into the progression from Oral Epithelial Dysplasia (OED) to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC).Aim: To compare stromal mucin expression in various grades of OED and OSCC using Haematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stains.Materials and Methods: Fifty histopathologically confirmed cases (25 OED, 25 OSCC) and 10 salivary acini controls were studied. Sections (4 μm) were stained with H&E and PAS. Mucin distribution, staining pattern, and intensity were analysed in 10 fields per case.Results: Results revealed a progressive decline in acid mucin expression from mild to severe OED, with weak and focal positivity in OSCC. Conversely, neutral mucins demonstrated a gradual increase in intensity from OED to OSCC, particularly around tumour islands, reflecting extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling and tumour progression. PAS staining showed higher intensities in dysplasia compared to OSCC, while H&E staining highlighted greater cytological atypia in severe dysplasia and well-differentiated OSCC.Conclusion: These findings suggest dynamic shifts in mucin profiles during oral carcinogenesis, underscoring their potential as histopathological markers for distinguishing pre-invasive and invasive lesions. The study highlights the diagnostic value of mucin histochemistry in understanding tumour progression and provides a cost-effective adjunct to advanced molecular techniques
MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH ANTICANCER POTENTIAL AGAINST HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Get PDFHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The liver plays a central role in metabolism and detoxification, making liver cancer particularly challenging to treat. While conventional therapies often cause severe side effects and have limited efficacy, medicinal plants offer promising alternative or complementary treatment options due to their rich content of bioactive compounds. Numerous plant-derived phytochemicals have demonstrated anticancer activity, particularly against HCC cell lines such as HepG2, through mechanisms including apoptosis induction, antioxidant effects, and inhibition of angiogenesis. Although several herbal extracts have shown efficacy in preclinical studies, further investigation is required to fully validate their therapeutic potential. This review focuses on selected medicinal plants and their phytochemicals that exhibit anticancer activity against liver cancer in both in vitro and in vivo models
Spectroscopic, Quantum Chemical, Molecular Docking and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies on 1-(Chloromethyl)anthraquinone: A potent Lung Cancer Drug
Get PDFIn this work, a comprehensive investigation of 1-(Chloromethyl)anthraquinone (CMAQ) was carried out using a combination of spectroscopic, quantum chemical, molecular docking, and in vitro cytotoxicity approaches to evaluate its potential as an anticancer candidate. The molecular structure was optimized using Density Functional Theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level, confirming a stable C₁ point group geometry with a HOMO–LUMO energy gap of 4.18 eV, indicative of moderate chemical reactivity and stability. Frontier molecular orbital analysis, global reactivity descriptors, Mulliken charge distribution, and Molecular Electrostatic Potential mapping revealed electron-rich carbonyl oxygen atoms as favorable electrophilic sites and a chloromethyl substituent susceptible to nucleophilic substitution. Vibrational assignments from FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra were consistent with theoretical predictions, validating the computational model. Time-dependent DFT simulations showed excellent agreement with experimental UV–Vis absorption, confirming n → π* transitions characteristic of anthraquinone derivatives. Molecular docking studies demonstrated stronger binding affinity of CMAQ toward DPP-4 (−7.42 kcal/mol) compared with p38α MAPK (−6.21 kcal/mol). In vitro cytotoxicity assays revealed potent activity of CMAQ against A549 lung cancer cells (IC₅₀ = 4.12 μg/mL) and moderate activity against HeLa cervical cancer cells (IC₅₀ = 13.25 μg/mL), with apoptosis-like morphological changes confirmed microscopically. Overall, the integrated findings highlight CMAQ as a promising lead compound with preferential efficacy against lung cancer, supported by both computational and experimental evidence
Nurses at the Helm: Transforming Parental Perception and Symptom Management in Childhood Leukemia
Get PDFLeukemia is a cancer of WBC, which is the second leading cause of mortality among children. Childhood Leukemia accounts for 33% of all cancers in 2024. Early detection and identification of symptoms may reduce the death rate among children with leukemia. Nurse-led interventions have the potential to improve symptom management strategies and reduce parental uncertainty regarding the disease. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the nurse-led intervention on symptom management and parental perception among mothers of children with leukemia. A Quantitative Pre-experimental approach, one-group pretest and post-test design was employed in the Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore, Chennai, based on the Health Belief Model. A total of 60 mothers of leukemic children were selected through a Nonrandomized convenience sampling technique. The nurse-led interventions were given to participants as Structured Educational sessions and informational pamphlets. Quantitative data were obtained through a validated tool before and after nurse-led interventions. Statistical analysis was conducted. After the nurse-led intervention, most mothers (80.0%) reported minimal symptom burden, while 20.0% reported mild burden. Parental uncertainty was reduced, with 78.33% experiencing moderate and 21.67% low uncertainty. A significant positive correlation was observed between symptom burden and parental perception (r = 0.72, p = 0.001)