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A Comparative Clinical pilot Study on Patra Pinda Sweda and Dry Cupping Therapy in the Management of Katishoola w.s.r. to Non-Specific Low Back Pain
Get PDFBackground: Katishoola is associated with low back discomfort in Ayurveda. It is brought on by Vata vitiation, which manifests as pain, soreness, and restricted movements in Kati Pradesa. In Brihatrayees, katishoola is not listed as a distinct illness; rather, it can be linked to certain other ailments such as Pristagraham and Katigraha, which fall under the Vatavyadhi category. Several of the references list Katishoola as a symptom.Objectives: Both Patra Pinda Sweda and dry cupping therapy, known to relieve pain, were used in this study for comparative analysisMethod: For the study, a sample size of 40 patients was chosen, and each of the two groups of 20 patients was randomly allocated. Group B received dry cupping therapy (on the 1st, 4th, and 7th days for 7 days) whereas Group A received Patra Pinda Sweda treatment (for 7 days).Results: The present study found significant improvements from day 0 to day 7 in VAS, transformed score, flexion, extension, right lateral flexion, and left lateral flexion (p < 0.001 for all measures) in both groups A and B. The Mann-Whitney U test results indicate significant differences in VAS (p = .010) and flexion (p = .033) between the patra pinda sweda and cupping.Conclusion: This study concludes that patra pinda sweda and dry cupping therapy significantly alleviate low back pain, improve quality of life, and enhance range of motion, making them viable care options for health professionals
Blue Planet in Peril: The Global Health Crisis of Water Pollution
Get PDFWater is an essential resource for living organisms which covers 70 per cent of the Earth’s surface and is the foundation of life and health of the ecosystem. It supports all the living organisms to sustain in diverse habitats. Most of the water bodies such as oceans, rivers, lakes, ground water and aquifers are contaminated with industrial effluents which affect aquatic ecosystem and their habitat. Hence, water pollution is a major issue of environment. It is the second most prevalent type of environmental pollution. Understanding the reasons, causes and effects of water pollution is therefore crucial for preserving our planet’s most valuable resource
REAR COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM USING MACHINE LEARNING INTEGRATED WITH ARDUINO
Get PDFThe rear collision avoidance system using machine learning integrated with Arduino is designed to enhance vehicle safety by preventing rear-end collisions through real-time detection and alert mechanisms. This system utilizes machine learning algorithms to analyze sensor data from ultrasonic mounted at the rear of the vehicle, enabling it to detect the presence, speed, and distance of approaching vehicles or obstacles. By leveraging machine learning models trained on diverse driving scenarios, the system can predict potential collisions and trigger appropriate warnings. The Arduino microcontroller serves as the core processing unit, collecting sensor data and executing the trained model’s decision-making process. The system is further equipped with an alerting mechanism, such as buzzer alarms and LCD, to notify drivers of imminent threats. Additionally, the integration of wireless communication allows data transmission to a central monitoring system for further analysis and improvements. The implementation of such an intelligent rear collision avoidance system significantly enhances road safety by reducing the likelihood of rear-end crashes, minimizing human errors, and offering a cost-effective solution that can be easily incorporated into existing vehicle models
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF GLYCEMIC, LIPID, AND INFLAMMATORY BLOOD PARAMETERS IN SYSTEMICALLY HEALTHY YOUNG AND OLDER ADULTS WITH PERIODONTITIS: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
Get PDFBackground: Periodontitis has been established as the sixth complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). It shares a bidirectional relationship with Type 2 DM, both exacerbating systemic inflammation. Emerging research has also linked periodontitis with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risks. This study aimed to compare glycemic, lipid, and inflammatory blood parameters between young and older systemically healthy adults with and without periodontitis.Methods: A total of 150 participants from ISNC Dental Clinics, Jeddah, KSA, were categorized into two age groups (23–35 years as young adults and 36–50 years as older adults). Participants were further divided into healthy and periodontitis subgroups. Clinical periodontal parameters and blood samples were obtained to assess glycemic levels (FBS, RBS, HbA1c), lipid profile (LDL, HDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol), and inflammatory markers (platelet and neutrophil counts). Data were analyzed using SPSS v21.0, employing t-tests and chi-square tests (p < 0.05).Results: Older periodontitis patients showed significantly higher plaque and bleeding scores compared to younger counterparts (p < 0.05). Inflammatory and glycemic parameters such as platelet counts, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and FBS were marginally higher in younger patients with periodontitis. Older patients with periodontitis exhibited significantly higher platelet counts and HDL levels, whereas bleeding scores were paradoxically lower. Younger periodontally healthy individuals showed elevated neutrophil counts and cholesterol levels versus older healthy individuals. No significant differences were observed in most glycemic and lipid values across age groups, though trends suggested systemic inflammatory differences.Conclusion: Age modifies the systemic inflammatory and metabolic response to periodontitis, with older adults demonstrating increased platelet and HDL responses and younger adults exhibiting higher lipid and glucose levels. These findings underscore the potential need for age-specific periodontal interventions to mitigate systemic risk
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LEAF TRICHOME IN DIVERSE HABIT OF SOME CASSIA SPECIES
Get PDFEpidermal trichomes areoften seen in the surface view of the leaf lamina. They are diverse structure and functions. Trichome plays crucial role in the identification of plantsThey may be unicellular or multicellular and are further classified on the basis of absence or presence of glands.They aredefendant for plants against plant against natural hazards such as herbivores, plants from extreme high or low temperature, drought, ultraviolet (UV) radiations, pathogen attacks andreduce excessive transpirationWang et, al. (2021).In the present study 6 Species belonging to the genusCassia were selectedit include two herb speciesC.absus L.,C. uniflora Mill., inshrub C.occidentalis L., C. alata L. and in tree C. siamea Lamk.,C. surattensis Burm. In these species diversity of trichomes,their structuralmorphological differences were studied.This review provides reference towards Taxonomic, Anatomical Study, Phylogeny and relationship among species of Cassia genus
The Future of Rehabilitation: AI and the Transformation of Education in Prisons
Get PDFThis review article delves into the revolutionary possibilities of AI using artificial intelligence to change jail curricula. In doing so, it sheds light on the present state of prison education and the obstacles that prevent the efficient implementation of educational programs. Digital literacy tools, risk assessment algorithms, and e-learning platforms are just a few examples of the AI technologies covered in this article as it explores the role of AI in solving these problems. Some of the benefits of AI that are discussed include enhanced engagement, personalised learning experiences, and skill development that aligns with what is expected in the job market.Drawing on research on artificial intelligence in the fields of education, sports medicine, and rehabilitation, the article also provides a critical evaluation of the effects of AI-powered education on rehabilitation results in the Prison. We take a look at the long-term effects, such as better social reintegration, lower recidivism rates, and increased employability. In addition to discussing the theoretical and methodological obstacles to implementing AI-powered education programs in correctional systems, the article delves into the ethical considerations surrounding data privacy, algorithmic bias, and equitable access. The study ends by highlighting the need of resolving ethical and practical problems via strong governance regulations, techniques to mitigate prejudice, and strategic investments, and by highlighting the potential of AI to transform prison education and rehabilitation
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF VALACYCLOVIR-LOADED POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES FOR ENHANCED OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY
Get PDFFor ocular herpes, valacyclovir, a prodrug of acyclovir, is the recommended medication. However, inadequate corneal permeability, fast precorneal loss, and low ocular bioavailability restrict its therapeutic effectiveness. The study was aimed at coming up with and then investigating chitosan-based nanoparticulate system for delivery of valacyclovir into the eye across the barriers to enhance drug retention and penetration at site of infection. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared with the framework of 2D model, using ionic gelation method through STPP as cross-linker loaded with valacyclovir. The properties that were tested for nanoparticles: Size of the particles; Zeta potential; Morphology; Entrapment Efficiency of drug; In vitro drug release. The enhanced composition (F-9) revealed a high encapsulation efficiency of 83.6±1.4 per cent, +28.4 mV as the zeta potential and particle size of 185.2±2.1 nm. FTIR and DSC experiments confirmed that the drug did not show any major chemical interaction with the polymer. Smooth, spherical particles of uniform distribution were seen in scanning electron microscopy. In vitro drug release studies which followed Higuchi kinetic model was evidence of sustained release of valacyclovir from the nanoparticles for period of 24 hours. Further, the preparation possessed desirable physicochemical properties such as pH suitability, proper viscosity, and sterility suitable for ocular use. Studies in vivo in rabbits revealed prolonged retention and improved ocular bioavailability when compared with the marketed formulation. The reported findings show the promise that chitosan-based nanoparticles represent the vehicle of ocular delivery of valacyclovir that has a potential administration route at the lower frequency and increased therapeutic efficiency in the treatment of herpes simplex infections of the eye
A Review of the CRISPR-Cas System: Mechanism, Applications, and Future Perspectives
Get PDFThe CRISPR-Cas system has revolutionized molecular biology as a powerful genome editing tool derived from a natural bacterial immune mechanism. This review explores the biological mechanism of CRISPR-Cas systems, particularly the widely used CRISPR-Cas9, along with other Cas variants. Emphasis is placed on its development as a genome-editing platform, its wide-ranging applications in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology, and the associated ethical and technical challenges. Advances in CRISPR technologies promise unprecedented capabilities in treating genetic disorders, enhancing crop traits, and engineering synthetic organisms. However, concerns over off-target effects, gene drives, and germline editing warrant careful regulatory oversight. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the CRISPR-Cas system and highlights future directions in this rapidly evolving field
Evaluation of Arch Width Variations Among Different Skeletal Patterns in Chhattisgarh Population
Get PDFAim: To evaluate the arch width variations among different skeletal patterns in Chhattisgarh population.Materials and Methods: A total of 66 untreated adults (33 males and 33 females), the age of 15-30, with minimal crowding or spacing and no cross bites, were included in the study. Lateral cephalograms were analyzed to measure the angle between the anterior cranial base and the mandibular plane (MP-SN). Dental casts were used to record maxillary and mandibular inter-canine, inter-premolar, and inter-molar widths.Results: Findings revealed that males had significantly wider dental arches than females (P < 0.05). Additionally, as the MP-SN angle increased, there was a notable reduction in arch width. When compared with data from other populations, the results also suggested that arch width dimensions vary across different ethnic and racial groups.Conclusion: Dental arch width is affected by gender, ethnicity, and vertical facial structure. Hence, orthodontic treatment should consider using customized arch wires tailored to the individual’s original arch form and width
Impact of Histopathological Examination of Appendix on Clinical Management of Patients
Get PDFINTRODUCTIONAcute appendicitis is one of the common conditions requiring emergency surgery. In routine practice appendix is sent for histopathological examination only when operative findings are inconclusive. In view of this trend in clinical practice this study was carried out to assess the value of routine histopathological examination of surgically resected appendices.OBJECTIVES:1.To study spectrum of histopathological lesions.2.To analyse the proportion of various lesions, age & sex distribution3.To find out proportion of unusual findings in appendicectomy specimensMETHODS:A retrospective study was done including appendicectomy specimens received at histopathology section of Dept of pathology at our institute from February 2023 till July 2024.RESULTS:A total of 210 cases were reviewed. Out of those, clinically suspected appendicitis was found in 193(91.9%) cases including spectrum of appendicitis [acute, recurrent, chronic, suppurative, acute on chronic, acute with periappendicitis, gangrenous acute with perforation]. Unusual findings were found in 11(5.23%) cases [tuberculosis, amoebiasis, fecolith , xanthogranulomatous inflammation, retention mucocele and neoplastic lesions including carcinoid, Low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm, adenocarcinoma].CONCLUSION:Though majority of cases had the usual features, 11 of these 210 spectrum(5.23%) had an impact on patient management & outcome. They were not suspected on macroscopic examination at the time of surgery and would have been missed had the specimens not been examined microscopically. Intra-operative diagnosis of surgeon is therefore unreliable in detecting abnormalities of appendix. The study supports the sending of all appendicectomy specimens for routine histopathological examination