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HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT OF CUTANEOUS WARTS BASED ON INDIVIDUALIZATION: A CASE SERIES
Full text linkWarts are common benign cutaneous proliferations caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) and reflect an interaction between viral exposure, host immunity, and individual susceptibility. They can occur at any age, presenting in various morphological forms such as filiform, mucosal, and common warts, often causing cosmetic concern, discomfort, and psychological distress. Conventional management primarily involves topical agents or surgical removal; however, recurrence and adverse effects remain challenges. Homoeopathy emphasizes an individualized approach that addresses both the local manifestation and the underlying constitutional imbalance, particularly within the sycotic miasmatic background. This article presents three clinically documented cases of warts managed successfully with individualized homoeopathic remedies. The cases included common warts. Remedy selection was based on detailed case analysis, totality of symptoms, and miasmatic consideration. The prescribed remedies were Nitric acid, Lachesis, and Thuja occidentalis, administered according to homoeopathic principles. All cases demonstrated significant clinical improvement with complete resolution of lesions and no recurrence during follow-up, highlighting the effectiveness and safety of individualized homoeopathic management. These case outcomes support the role of homoeopathy as a cost-effective, non-invasive therapeutic option for warts, promoting holistic healing and immune balance. Further controlled studies are recommended to validate these findings.
KeywordsWarts, Human Papilloma Virus, Individualisation, Homoeopathy, Individualized Homoeopathic Remedy, Nitric Acid, Lachesis, Thuja Occidentali
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITY OF DILLENIA INDICA LEAVE EXTRACT ON RATS
Full text linkThe present study evaluated the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and antipyretic potential of the ethanolic extract of Dillenia indica leaves. The extract showed a yield of 12.5% and tested positive for major phytoconstituents, including flavonoids, phenols, tannins, proteins, and alkaloids. Quantitative analysis revealed measurable levels of total flavonoids (0.63 mg/100 mg) and phenolic content (0.47 mg/100 mg). Antioxidant activity assessed by the DPPH method demonstrated moderate free radical scavenging potential with an IC₅₀ value of 96.17 µg/mL. In the yeast-induced pyrexia model, the extract produced a dose-dependent reduction in rectal temperature, with the 350 mg/kg dose showing significant antipyretic activity when compared to the standard drug paracetamol. The findings support the traditional therapeutic use of Dillenia indica and indicate its potential as a natural antipyretic agent, warranting further investigation for bioactive compound isolation and detailed pharmacological evaluation.
KeywordsDillenia indica, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, DPPH, antipyretic activity, yeast-induced pyrexia, flavonoids, phenols, herbal medicin
A Study on the Causes, Complications, and Risk Factors of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Among Married Women in the Cuddalore District.
Full text linkPolycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age and is a major contributor to subfertility associated with anovulation. Moreover, insufficient awareness of PCOS, its management, and the lifestyle modifications required for effective control adversely affects health outcomes. This qualitative study examines married women's understanding and perceptions of the syndrome, its treatment options, and the lifestyle changes necessary for its management. A total of 140 married women with PCOS were selected through convenience sampling from the Cuddalore District. The emerging themes encompassed women’s understanding of PCOS, its causes, complications, and associated risk factors.
KeywordsPolycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Lifestyle, Risk Factors, Causes, Complications, Reproductive Age
Harnessing Minor Millets (Paspalum scrobiculatum): Formulation and Nutritional Evaluation of Millet-Based Functional Foods
Full text linkMillets are recognized as miracle cereals due to their vital role in human physiology, providing essential nutrients and supporting planetary health. The present study aimed to select minor millets, conduct physicochemical analysis, and develop a millet malt-based functional food. Considering availability, underutilization, local food security, and limited economic activity, Kodo millet (Strain No. RK 390-25, Paspalum scrobiculatum) was chosen. The grains were subjected to soaking, germination, and drying, followed by powder preparation. Physical evaluation included colour, thousand kernel weight, true density, bulk density, and porosity. Proximate analysis determined moisture, ash, crude fiber, protein, carbohydrate, calcium, and fat. Anti-nutritional factors (tannin, saponin, oxalate), hydrolytic enzymes (amylase, protease, L-asparaginase, L-glutaminase), and antioxidants (flavonoids, total phenols) were also assessed. For product formulation, Kodo millet malt was combined with wheat, Bengal gram, jaggery, cardamom, diamond sugar, dry ginger, and dry coconut. Seven trials were prepared with varying ratios of Kodo millet malt and wheat–Bengal gram mix, supplemented by minor ingredients. Sensory evaluation using the hedonic scale revealed that germinated sun-dried Kodo millet powder (RK 390-25) showed improved nutritional outcomes, including reduced carbohydrate, increased protein, and enhanced mineral bioavailability. Among the formulations, the 40:60 millet-to-mix ratio was found dry and bland, while four other trials demonstrated favorable sensory attributes. Physical characterization of millets is crucial for agricultural practices, food processing, storage, and product development, as parameters like seed size, density, and moisture influence machinery design and grain quality. The study highlights the nutritional potential of minor millets, their role in value-added food products, and their capacity to replace junk foods with nutrient-rich, economical alternatives. Promoting millet-based formulations can enhance consumer awareness, support local food security, and contribute to healthier lifestyles.
KeywordsAnti-nutritional factors, Hydrolytic enzymes, Junk foods, Millets, Nutri product, Physico-chemical, Sensory evaluatio
A Survey-Based Evaluation of a Multi-Angle Dental Mouth Mirror Among Practicing Dentists
Full text linkBackground: Dental mouth mirrors are essential diagnostic instruments; however, limited visibility in posterior regions and operator fatigue remain common challenges. A multi-angle dental mouth mirror has been proposed to overcome these limitations.
Aim: To evaluate dentists’ perception regarding the usefulness, visibility enhancement, ergonomic benefit, and acceptability of a multi-angle dental mouth mirror.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 100 practicing dentists using Google Forms. The questionnaire consisted of eight close-ended questions assessing clinical experience, perceived usefulness, clinical applications, visibility improvement, operator strain reduction, willingness to use, recommendation likelihood, and purchase intent. Responses were recorded on Likert and categorical scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Most participants perceived the multi-angle dental mouth mirror as useful, with high scores for improved visibility and willingness to adopt the design in routine practice. A majority also felt that the design could reduce operator strain.
Conclusion: Dentists showed a positive perception toward the multi-angle dental mouth mirror, indicating its potential clinical usefulness, ergonomic advantage, and market acceptability.
KeywordsDental mouth mirror, ergonomic dentistry, dental instruments, visibility, survey stud
EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM ON THE KNOWLEDGE ON LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION OF RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS AMONG NURSES
Full text linkThe Renal transplantation is considered the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease, offering significant improvements in survival and quality of life compared to dialysis. However, the success of kidney transplantation is heavily dependent on the recipient’s adherence to post-transplant care, including lifestyle modifications.1 These modifications encompass key areas such as diet, physical activity, medication adherence, and the management of psychological and social well-being. Despite their importance, non-adherence to these lifestyle changes remains a prevalent issue among renal transplant recipients and is a major contributor to poor health outcomes, including graft rejection, infection, cardiovascular complications, and premature graft loss. A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on the knowledge regarding lifestyle modification for renal transplant patients among nurses of selected hospital, Gurugram (Haryana). A Quantitative research approach and Pre-experimental research design was used for the study. The sample for the study was 60 Nurses working in Emergency, ICU, and Dialysis Unit of Med anta Hospital were selected using convenient sampling techniques. A self- administered questionnaire was used to assess knowledge of nurses regarding lifestyle modification before and after giving structured teaching program. The study revealed that out of 60 respondents, the mean pre-test knowledge score of the nurses was 10.77± 2.9 SD which increased to 17.82 ± 1.93 SD in the post-test and the difference in mean score was highly significant at p<0.05. In the pretest almost half of the participants having inadequate knowledge which increase more than half having moderately adequate knowledge in post-test. There was no significant association between post-test knowledge with demographic variables. The majority of the nurses were not much aware of lifestyle modification and this study showed the effectiveness of the structured teaching program. Hence, structured teaching program in a regular period will help in gaining knowledge among nurses. Effectiveness, Lifestyle modification, Nurses, Structured teaching program, Renal Transplant
Article 371 As an Instrument of Asymmetrical Federalism: Its Philosophical Intent and Contemporary Relevance
Full text linkArticle 371 and its sub-clauses constitute one of the Constitution’s most consequential, yet insufficiently theorized devices for institutionalizing asymmetrical federalism in India. Although the constitutional scheme is often described as quasi-federal with a pronounced unitary tilt, Article 371 indicates a parallel design logic: the deliberate use of differentiated arrangements to secure integration without erasure in a society marked by deep regional, cultural, and developmental heterogeneity. This article examines Article 371 as a constitutional architecture of accommodation, tracing its historical emergence, mapping the distinct purposes served by clauses 371A to 371J, and analysis the legal form through which autonomy, recognition, and distributive concerns are translated into governance. Drawing on debates in cooperative and polycentric federalism, multicultural citizenship, constitutional patriotism, and constitutional pluralism, it argues that Article 371 is best understood not as episodic political bargaining but as an enduring commitment to protect vulnerable communities, preserve culturally embedded institutions, especially customary law and land regimes in parts of the Northeast and address structural regional inequalities. The article further situates Article 371 in contemporary constitutional politics shaped by post-2019 centralizing impulses, renewed contests over uniformity, resource governance disputes, and persistent demands for autonomy. It concludes that Article 371 remains a stabilizing constitutional mechanism: it operationalize a substantive conception of equality by recognizing that, in a diverse federation, equal citizenship may require differentiated constitutional safeguards.
KeywordsArticle 371, Asymmetrical federalism, Indian Constitution Autonomy, Northeast India, Regionalism, Multiculturalism, Constitutional Design, Customary Law, Political Identity
NUTRITIONAL ANTHROPOMETRY OF TRIBAL ADOLESCENT GIRLS USING Z SCORES: ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
Full text linkThe tribal societies in India are undisputedly considered to be the weakest sections of the population in terms of common socioeconomic and socio-demographic factors such as poverty, illiteracy, lack of developmental facilities, lack of adequate primary health facilities etc. The present investigation was undertaken to study the nutritional status of tribal adolescent girls through anthropometry. In all 387 tribal adolescent girls (13 to 18 years old) were purposively selected from four Ashram shalas of tribals located at Higna, Ramtek, Deolapar and Navegaon taluka places of Nagpur District. The anthropometric measurements viz., height and weight were recorded using standard procedures. BMI was computed, compared and classified according to WHO (2007) standards. The Z scores of height, weight and BMI were computed and classified according to the Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP) 2015 Standards. The results of the study showed that according to the height Z score classification, 91.99% of girls were normal, 6.46% were stunted and 1.55% were severely stunted. As per the Weight Z Score classification, 96.90 % of girls were normal, 2.84% were wasted and 0.26 % were severely wasted. The BMI Z classification showed 90.44 % normal whereas 0.78%, 2.33%, 5.94% and 0.52% as severe underweight, underweight, overweight and obese respectively. The statistical analysis did not show any association between the z scores and age groups of the adolescent girls (p>0.05). It can be concluded that intervention programmes based on nutrition awareness among tribal adolescent girls may help to achieve the SDG goals for zero hunger.
KeywordsNutritional anthropometry, Height Z Score, Weight Z Score, BMI Z Score, Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Statu
IGNITING AWARENESS TRANSFORMING ADOLESCENT KNOWLEDGE OF PCOS THROUGH STRUCTURED EDUCATION
Full text linkThe study pre-test dealt with the perception of polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls. With the purpose of measuring the effectiveness of a structured training program to raise the level of knowledge about polycystic ovarian syndrome, a post-test was administered among teenage girls along with determination of demographic variables that characterize adolescent girls' perception of polycystic ovarian syndrome. It has been assumed in the research that the understanding of polycystic ovarian syndrome among nursing students significantly differs between the first and the second measurements. There is a crucial relationship between the demographic variables selected by nursing students and their knowledge of polycystic ovarian syndrome, both before and after the evaluation. The research applied a quantitative approach and a quasi-experimental descriptive design for its analysis. One hundred potential nursing students from SRM College of Nursing were selected for the study through an appropriate sampling method. All the studies were conducted in SRM College of Nursing, Kattankulathur. Data was collected over the duration of one week. Structured questionnaires were implemented to accumulate data. The data analysis was conducted using a combination of descriptive and inferential statistics. Among the teenage girls who took the pretest, the majority of the participants had 2(2%) “B+” grade of knowledge, 4(4%) had “B” grade of knowledge, 13(13%) had “c” grade of knowledge and 81(81%) had “D” grade of knowledge. In contrast, in the post test after the intervention 8(8%) had “A+” grade of knowledge, 11(11%) had “A” grade of knowledge,25(25%) had “B+” grade of knowledge, 32(32%) had “B” grade of knowledge, and 23(23%) had “C” grade of knowledge. The results of the study were that dysfunction of female sex hormones is present in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. It causes infertile, ovarian cysts, irregular menstruation, and numerous other health conditions. Preventive initiatives, such as awareness campaigns, will enhance adolescent girls' comprehension. The majority of adolescent females in this study had negative attitudes and limited comprehension regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) throughout the pretest. Following the systemic training, the knowledge implementation of the experimental group showed a tremendous increase. The findings were that in-depth training is one of the most effective ways to improve knowledge in the case of polycystic ovarian syndrome. The regulated educational programs are indeed possible, economical, and effortless.
KeywordsIgniting Awareness, transforming knowledge, polycystic ovarian syndrome, structured education and adolescent girls
Nanofluid Dynamics in Microchannel Heat Sinks: Enhancing Thermal Performance for High-Power Density Applications
Full text linkThe ongoing miniaturization of electronic devices and the rising demand for high-power density systems have placed unprecedented emphasis on efficient thermal management solutions. Microchannel heat sinks have emerged as a promising technology due to their ability to provide high heat transfer rates within compact footprints. However, conventional coolants often struggle to meet the thermal performance requirements in these systems, particularly under extreme operating conditions. This study investigates the dynamics of nanofluid suspensions of nanoparticles within base fluids within microchannel heat sinks and their role in enhancing thermal performance. The research emphasizes the interplay between fluid properties, channel geometry, and nanoparticle concentration, highlighting their combined effect on convective heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics. Experimental and numerical analyses were conducted to evaluate the performance of different nanofluids, including metallic and oxide-based nanoparticles, across varying Reynolds numbers and heat flux conditions. Results demonstrate that the inclusion of nanoparticles significantly improves thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients while maintaining manageable pumping power requirements. Additionally, the study explores the influence of nanoparticle size, shape, and volume fraction on flow behavior and thermal efficiency, providing insights into optimizing nanofluid formulations for specific microchannel configurations. A comparative assessment with traditional coolants underscores the superior performance of nanofluids, particularly in high heat flux scenarios, making them suitable candidates for advanced electronic cooling applications. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of nanofluid transport phenomena in confined microchannels and offer practical guidelines for designing next-generation high-performance cooling systems. This research lays the groundwork for future studies on sustainable, high-efficiency thermal management solutions for microelectronics and power-intensive devices.
KeywordsNanofluids, Microchannel Heat Sinks, Thermal Performance, High-Power Density, Convective Heat Transfe