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EVOLUTION AND CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACY: A REVIEW
Get PDFThis review explores the evolution of homoeopathic pharmacy [1]-from its historical roots to modern advancements in formulation and clinical research. It surveys key milestones such as Hahnemann’s development of potency methods and dosage forms and highlights recent Scopus-indexed studies in homoeopathic medicine. Selected research includes analytical work on such as Ignatia amara mother tincture and its phytochemical profiling via HPTLC, and clinical trials that assess cognitive improvement in the elderly using Plumbum metallicum potency and many more homoeopathic drugs. The review also examines the antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties of homoeopathic remedies, particularly in the context of multi-drug-resistant infections. It discusses methodological challenges in homoeopathy research and identifies future directions for evidence-based integration. The synthesis underscores the role of homoeopathy in integrative pharmacy and supports further analytical, clinical, and formulation studies to strengthen its scientific foundations.
KEYWORDS:
Homoeopathy, Homoeopathic pharmacy, HPTLC, Potency, Integrative research
A study to assess the effectiveness of demonstration on knowledge and practice regarding oxygen therapy among first-year nursing students in a selected nursing college
Get PDFBackground: Oxygen therapy is a critical nursing procedure that requires comprehensive theoretical knowledge and precise practical skills. First-year nursing students often lack adequate exposure and competence in performing this procedure, which can impact patient safety and care quality.Aim: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of demonstration as a teaching method in enhancing the knowledge and practice of oxygen therapy among first-year nursing students.Methods: A quasi-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design was conducted among 300 first-year B.Sc. Nursing and GNM students in a selected nursing college. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection tools included a structured knowledge questionnaire and an observational checklist. A structured demonstration was conducted, followed by post-intervention assessments.Results: The study revealed a significant improvement in both knowledge and practice scores after the demonstration. The mean knowledge score increased from 14.12 ± 4.85 to 22.45 ± 3.60 (p < 0.001), and the mean practice score improved from 13.90 ± 1.85 to 15.25 ± 1.20 (p < 0.001). Chi-square analysis showed a significant association between pre-test knowledge scores and selected demographic variables like age, religion, and prior exposure to oxygen therapy.Conclusion: Demonstration-based teaching is an effective instructional strategy that significantly enhances the cognitive and psychomotor skills of nursing students in administering oxygen therapy. Incorporating such interactive and skill-focused methods into the nursing curriculum can bridge educational gaps and improve clinical competency.
KEYWORDS:
Oxygen Therapy, Nursing Education, Demonstration, Knowledge, Practice, Skill Acquisitio
AN ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIALS OF MICROBIOME ALTERATION AND DIET IN GASTRIC CANCER IN HUMANS-A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Get PDFGastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality. Growing evidence links diet and the gut microbiome to GC risk and outcomes. Systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science (January 2000–June 2025) following PRISMA 2020. RCTs in adults with GC or precancerous lesions evaluating H. pylori eradication, vitamins/garlic, fiber, probiotics, or synbiotics were included. Quality was appraised with the Jadad tool. Five RCTs (from 410 records) show that 2-week H. pylori eradication lowers gastric cancer incidence and mortality, with vitamin C/E/selenium and aged garlic adding mortality benefits especially in nutritionally vulnerable or non-drinkers. Perioperative fiber-enriched nutrition plus probiotics reduced diarrhoea and length of stay; multistrain probiotics improved inflammatory, immune, and nutritional markers and restored beneficial taxa. In precancerous lesions, a 12-week high-fiber diet increased SCFA-producing bacteria and reduced inflammation. Overall quality was moderate to high. Microbiome and dietary interventions—especially early H. pylori eradication, perioperative fiber/probiotics, and long-term micronutrient/garlic supplementation—offer clinically meaningful benefits across GC prevention and care. Effects appear modified by lifestyle behaviors (smoking, alcohol). Future multicentre RCTs should standardize microbiome endpoints, stratify by baseline nutrition and risk behaviors, and test individualized, microbiome-guided strategies. Clinical integration appears feasible and low risk.
KEYWORDS:
Gastric cancer, Helicobacter pylori eradication, gut microbiome, probiotics, diet
Pharmacological and Phytochemical Insights into Helianthus annuus L.: A Comprehensive Review of Its Therapeutic Potential
Get PDFHelianthus annuus L. or sunflower, is a widely cultivated oilseed crop known for its nutritional, medicinal, and economic importance, sunflower is highlighted for its bioactive constituents, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, glycosides, and alkaloids. This plant possesses various therapeutic benefits such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-ulcer, cardiovascular, and wound-healing properties. It discusses sunflower’s role in managing chronic diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular conditions, focusing on its potential to regulate oxidative stress, inflammation, and glycemic control. Recent findings on its cytotoxic effects against cancer cells, antimicrobial activity, and hepatoprotective effects further emphasize its medicinal relevance. Emerging trends like sunflower-based biofuel production and biotechnological advancements for enhancing drought resistance and oil quality are also discussed. The paper emphasizes the importance of continuous research to address agricultural constraints, improve productivity, and enhance the crop’s environmental resilience. The review positions sunflower as a key crop for both economic and ecological sustainability. Ultimately, Helianthus annuus L. emerges as a promising botanical resource with broad applications in both food and pharmaceutical industries.
KEYWORDS:
Helianthus annuus L., Sunflower, phytochemistry, pharmacology, phytoconstituent
Evaluating the Role of Individualized Homoeopathic Treatment in the Management of Haemorrhoids: A Case Study
Get PDFPiles, medically known as haemorrhoids, are among the most common anorectal conditions, affecting a large proportion of the population worldwide. Although not generally life-threatening, they often present with bleeding, pain, itching, and discomfort that can significantly impair day-to-day functioning and quality of life. Conventional options such as lifestyle modifications, topical preparations, or surgical procedures are available, yet many patients prefer less invasive, holistic approaches. Homoeopathy, with its individualized system of prescribing, has shown potential benefits, especially when combined with dietary regulation and supportive measures. This case report describes the management of a patient with haemorrhoids treated with the homoeopathic remedy Nux vomica. Prescription was based on a thorough case analysis, taking into account both physical complaints and general health. Alongside dietary guidance and auxiliary advice, the individualized medicine led to a notable reduction in bleeding, pain, and discomfort. Symptomatic improvement was observed within a short span of treatment, and no side effects were reported. The findings from this case highlight the scope of individualized homoeopathic treatment in haemorrhoids. When integrated with simple lifestyle measures, it may provide safe and effective relief while supporting long-term well-being. Further clinical studies could strengthen evidence for its broader application.
KEYWORDS:
Haemorrhoids, Homoeopathy, Nux Vomica, Proctological symptom score (PSS Score
Vaccine Hesitancy and Readiness Among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFBackground: Vaccine hesitancy is a recognized barrier to optimal COVID-19 vaccination coverage, particularly among youth populations. This study examines COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy, and associated factors among university students in Southern India, with emphasis on public health policy implications.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between June and August 2022 among unvaccinated students at a pharmacy college in Tamil Nadu, India. A structured online questionnaire captured socio-demographic data, attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, perceived barriers, and information sources. Chi-square tests and multivariate analyses were applied using IBM SPSS v22, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Of 401 respondents, 346 (87.1%) were unvaccinated; 248 (71.7%) expressed willingness to vaccinate, while 98 (28.3%) were hesitant. Key predictors of hesitancy included inadequate perceived safety information (p=0.047), perception that vaccination is profit-driven (p=0.034), and concerns regarding long-term safety studies (p=0.055). Social media was the dominant information source for hesitant individuals (87.8%). Despite hesitancy, most participants acknowledged vaccination as essential for pandemic control
Conclusion: While in the study, the acceptance rates were high, persistent misconceptions and mistrust highlight the need for targeted information campaigns. Public health policy must address misinformation, strengthen safety communication, and leverage trusted channels to reach student populations.
KEYWORDS:
COVID-19 Vaccines; Vaccination Refusal; Health Knowledge, Health Policy; Vaccination Misinformatio
Fermentation-Based Biosynthesis of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Endophytic Microorganisms of Portulaca oleracea
Get PDFAs the human body is incapable of synthesizing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), they must be obtained from the diet. Heavy metal contamination of PUFA from fish oils and production limitations of PUFA-producing plants demand the investigation of alternative sources. PUFA produced from microbes has recently attracted great interest, due to the efficiency of synthesis and scalability, and hence could be an alternative source of PUFA. This research used a culture-dependent approach for enumerating microorganisms from distinct plant sections of the plant Portulaca oleracea. Cultures were isolated and evaluated for their potential for producing PUFA using the Bligh and Dyer technique and gas chromatography. This is the first time PUFA-producing microorganisms have been identified from the Portulaca oleracea. Four out of 31 endophytes isolated were found capable of synthesizing PUFAs. Of the selected isolates, RSMAB-1 and MD cultures produce 8.8 and 10.83 mg of PUFA, 3.2 and 2.63 mg of EPA, and 0.12 and 0.25 mg of DHA per 100 mg of fatty acids, respectively. These cultures were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively. The current primary source of PUFA has limited production capacity, making microorganisms an excellent option for PUFA synthesis. In the current investigation, it was determined that four cultures create distinct forms of PUFA. Two of the chosen cultures had the highest PUFA output. This work emphasizes the significance of screening endophytes from PUFA-producing plants for their capacity to produce PUFA.
KEYWORDS:
Endophytes, Portulaca oleracea, EPA, PUFA, Bacillus subtilis
A Comparative Study of Probiotics as a Boon Towards Curse Pathogens
Get PDFAntibiotics are therapeutic substances widely used to control pathogenic bacteria. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics has often led to the development of resistance in the pathogens as well as many side effects in the consumer. Moreover, antibiotics damage the microbial ecosystem inside the gut, leading to further complications. The search for an alternative to antibiotics has revealed the potential features of probiotics. Probiotics are live bacteria that provide health advantages to their host. Various scientific articles have reported on the proven benefits of probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, for animal and human health. Well-studied probiotic cultures have anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and other beneficial characteristics. The ability of many probiotic bacteria to inhibit specific pathogenic bacteria has been highlighted in their therapeutic applications. This review aims to explore the potential of probiotic bacteria as an alternative to antibiotics.
KEYWORDS:
Antibiotics, probiotics, pathogenic bacteria
USE OF AI IN PUBLIC HEATH SURVEILLANCE: AWARENESS AND FEASIBILITY AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS OF INDIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
Get PDFBackground:Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers significant potential to enhance public health surveillance through advanced data analytics, real-time monitoring, and predictive modelling. By using vast amounts of health-related data, AI can improve the detection of disease outbreaks and health trends.But, the adoption of AI in public health remains limited, particularly in resource- restrained settings, due to challenges such as low awareness, inadequate infrastructure, data privacy concerns, and lack of policy support. This study aims to assess the awareness and feasibility of AI integration among public health stakeholders for further investments and strategic planning for its implementation.
Objective:This study aimed to assess the awareness, attitudes, and perceived feasibility of AI integration in public health surveillance among healthcare professionals and students in India, and to recognise key challenges and training needs associated with its implementation.
Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire formed using Google forms, which was distributed electronically via WhatsApp , telegram etc. among 400 healthcare professionals and students (Medical courses and paramedical courses ) . The topics of the analysis in the questionnaire were sections regarding demographics, awareness and experience with AI, perceptions of AI in public health, challenges to implementation, and interest in AI-related training.
Results:Around. 85% if the respondents were aware of AI in healthcare, and 70% agreed that AI can improve public health surveillance. But, only 22% had practical experience using AI tools. According to respondents the main areas of AI application included diagnostics, treatment planning, and health records management . Major barriers included lack of technical training (30%), concerns about data privacy (25%), and limited funding (20%). Notably, 80% expressed interest in learning AI, preferring flexible options like online courses and workshops.
Conclusion:There is strong awareness and positive perception of AI's potential in public health among healthcare learners and professionals, but practical application remains low. Closing knowledge gaps in training, infrastructure, policy definition, and funding is critical to facilitate effective utilization of AI in public health surveillance systems. These findings offer key recommendations for policymakers and educators to promote AI readiness in the healthcare field.
KEYWORDS:
Artificial Intelligence, Public Health, Awareness, Feasibility, Health Technolog
COMPARATIVE CLINICAL EFFICACY OF SEGMENTAL T LOOP AND GEOMETRY-X IN THE ALIGNMENT OF MALPOSITIONED CANINES: A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
Get PDFAim: To compare the rate of individual labially placed canine retraction with Segmental T loop and Geometry-X.
Material and method: A randomized split-mouth clinical trial was conducted on 10 patients (20 canines), with one canine retracted using a Segmental T-loop and the contralateral canine using a Geometry-X. Parameters assessed were rate of retraction, canine rotation, distal crown tipping, anchorage loss, and root resorption, evaluated using pre- and post-treatment CBCT scans and study models.
Results: Geometry-X demonstrated a slightly higher mean retraction rate (0.79 mm/month) than Segmental T-loop (0.73 mm/month). Statistically significant canine rotation was observed with Geometry-X (34.5° vs. 15.4°). Anchorage loss was significantly lower in the Geometry-X group (1.75 mm vs. 2.65 mm). Distal crown tipping and root resorption were comparable.
Conclusion: Geometry-X offers advantages in terms of speed and anchorage preservation but induces more rotational movement. It is a viable alternative when anchorage control is prioritized, though rotational side effects must be managed