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褥瘡に多く存在するMRSAと緑膿菌に対する抗菌作用を示す緑茶の濃度に関する研究
Get PDFIn the treatment of bedsores, washing of the bedsore region is thought to result in early healing, and it has been reported that the effect is further enhanced when green tea is used in the irrigation solution. Accordingly, in order to elucidate bacteriologically the effectiveness of washing with green tea, a comparison of the antibacterial and bactericidal effect of green tea on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ("MRSA"), which are representative microbes present in bedsores, was conducted using various concentrations of green tea. The results of this comparison of antibacterial effectiveness depending on differences in the concentration of green tea indicated an antibacterial effect on MRSA at a concentration of approximately 4 times that of green tea for ordinary consumption. With regard to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the possibility of an inhibitive effect was indicated when the concentration of the green tea was raised to an approximately 100-fold concentration.原著論文departmental bulletin pape
模擬手術演習による看護学生の学習体験の分析
Get PDF周手術期における看護は、成人看護学の領域で講義が行われ、臨床実習で理解を深めるというカリキュラムが一般的である。しかし近年、実習時間の短縮化や手術療法を受ける患者への倫理的配慮から、看護学生の手術見学や手術室看護師の役割体験の機会が少なくなってきている。このため、手術室看護師の役割や手術を受ける患者の心理を理解させるために、模擬手術演習を授業に取り入れた。本研究では、模擬手術演習に参加した看護学生の学習体験を明らかにし、成人看護学の授業展開のための基礎資料を得ることを研究課題とした。データ収集方法は、演習後の学生のレポートに拠った。データ分析方法は、質的記述的方法の内容分析をとった。その結果、看護学生は、患者の心理として15テーマ、器械出し看護師の役割として10テーマ、外回り看護師の役割として13テーマ、医師の役割として11テーマについて学習体験を得ていたことがわかった。また、模擬手術演習が手術室看護師の役割や手術を受ける患者の心理を理解する上で効果的な学習方法となることがわかった。The curriculum in perioperative nursing generally comprises lectures in the area of adult nursing and clinical practice intended to deepen the student's understanding. However, in recent years, there have been fewer opportunities for nursing students to observe actual operations and gain experience in the role of operating room nurse due to a shortening of practice time and ethical considerations regarding the patients receiving surgical treatment. Therefore, simulated operation training was incorporated in course work to allow students to understand the role of the operating room nurse and the psychology of patients undergoing operations. As research topics in the present study, the learning experience of nursing students participating in simulated operation training was clarified and basic data for adult nursing course development were obtained. The data collection method was based on reports by students after practice. As the data analysis method, content analysis by a qualitative-descriptive method was adopted. The results showed that nursing students gained learning experience on 15 topics related to patient psychology, 10 topics on the role of the scrub nurse, 13 topics on the role of the circulating nurse, and 11 topics on the role of the doctor. It was also found that simulated operation training is an effective learning method for understanding the role of the operating room nurse and the psychology of patients undergoing operations.研究ノートdepartmental bulletin pape
認知症グループホームのケアの質に関する評価項目の信頼性・妥当性の検討
Get PDF本調査の目的は、認知症グループホームのケアの質に関する評価項目の信頼性・妥当性の検討を行うことである。1県内の認知症グループホーム全168施設のうち、協力の得られた140施設で実際に利用者の介護を行っている介護従事者1, 212人を対象に、自記式無記名調査用紙を用いた郵送調査を行った。先行研究により作成した評価項目50項目について、達成度を4段階に点数化したスケールを用いた調査用紙を送付し、介護従事者に自分が行っているケアの達成度を評価してもらい、その結果から項目の信頼性・妥当性を検討した。631名から回答を得た(回収率52.1%)。回答者の年齢は41.7±12, 9歳であった。職種はホームヘルパー310名(49.1%)、介護福祉士148名(23.5%)、看護師39名(6.2%)、社会福祉士2名(0, 3%)、その他77名(12.2%)であった。介護歴は4.6±4.5年であった。因子分析の結果、8因子が抽出された(累積寄与率59.6%)。第I因子「刺激のある生活づくり」(6項目)、第II因子「人間としての尊厳の保障」(6項目)、第III因子「意思決定の支援」(3項目)、第IV因子「安全・安楽の保障」(4項目)、第V因子「社会性の維持・向上」(5項日)、第VI因子「健康管理」(2項目)、第VII因子「生活能力の維持・向上」(2項目)、第VIII因子「基本的生活の維持・向上」(2項目)と名付けた。各因子のChronbachのα係数は、0.959～0.961の範囲となり信頼性は確認された。また、介護歴との相関がみられたこと、因子構造が仮説の概念枠組みとほぼ一致していたことから、妥当性も確認することができた。各項目間の相関は、高すぎる相関でなく中程度からやや高い相関であった。このことから、各因子は独自のものを測定しており、認知症グループホームにおける利用者の生活の質は、一つの因子だけで測定できるものでなく、多因子構造になっていることが示唆された。今後の課題として、認知症グループホームにおいて今回作成した評価項目を用いて、評価尺度としての信頼性・妥当性の検証をさらに進めることが重要と考える。This survey examined the reliability/appropriateness of evaluation items related to the qualify of life of residents of group homes for elderly persons with senile dementia. The subjects were 1, 212 persons engaged in nursing care at 140 cooperating institutions out of a total of 168 institutions in one prefecture of Japan. A mail survey was conducted using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire covering 50 evaluation items. Subjects were asked to evaluate the degree of achievement of the care which they themselves gave using a 4-step scale, and the reliability and appropriateness of the items were investigated based on the results. Replies were received from 631 subjects (52.1%) aged 41.7±12.9 years. By type of work, the respondents included home attendants, 310 persons (49.1%), nursing care workers, 148 (23.5%), professional nurses, 39 (6.2%), social welfare workers, 2 (0.3%), and others, 77 (12.2%). These persons had careers as caregivers of 4.6±4.5 years. Factor analysis identified 8 factors with a cumulative contribution rate of 59.6%. Chronbach's coefficient a for these factors was in the range of 0.959-0.961, confirming reliability. Appropriateness was confirmed from the fact that there was a correlation with the length of career as a caregiver and the factor structure was substantially in agreement with the conceptual framework of the hypothesis. While the correlation between the scales was not excessive, there was a somewhat high correlation beginning around the intermediate range. This indicates that each factor measures an independent item, suggesting that the quality of life of residents of group homes for elderly persons with senile dementia cannot be measured by a single factor, but has a multi-factorial structure. As a future issue, we believe that a further examination of the reliability/appropriateness of the evaluation form is important, using the evaluation form prepared in this research.原著論文departmental bulletin pape
子どもの採血によるストレスと皮膚性状変化との関連
Get PDF本研究は、痛みを伴う子どもの採血前後のストレスについて、採血前後のストレス認知、採血時子どもが受けたと感じた看護援助および採血前後の皮膚性状変化によって明らかにすることを試みた。採血前後のストレス認知と採血時子どもが受けたと感じた看護援助は、質問紙による調査を実施し、皮膚性状変化については皮膚温度測定と皮膚抵抗値測定法(インピーダンス法)を用いて検討した。これらの調査結果から明らかにされた内容は、子どもの検査や処置による心理的負担に対する看護ケアの重要性に示唆を与える結果であった。子どもの採血によるストレスと皮膚性状変化との関連について調査した結果、以下のことが明らかになった。1)採血前後のストレス認知において、採血前より採血後のストレス得点が低く、採血を終えた安心感、達成感との関連性が示唆された。2)採血時子どもが受けたと感じた看護援助の度合いは、やや低い傾向があり、適宜に適切な看護援助を意識的に実施する必要があると考えられた。3)採血前後の皮膚性状変化を調査した結果、皮膚インピーダンス値および皮膚温度の低下が認められ、心理的な緊張の影響が考えられた。4)採血前後のストレス認知度、皮膚インピーダンスおよび皮膚温度には有意の相関関係が認められた。The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the children's stresses and the impedance change of their skin by sampling blood from puncturing the vein with some pain. We investigated children's stresses by using the questionaires before and after their blood sampling from the vein and nursing care they felt good or insufficient during the blood sampling. And then, we measured the skin impedance and temperature changes before and after collecting the blood samples. We could have the consequence from this study that nursing care is very important for the young children to improve their mental and physical stresses of pre- and post-blood sampling. Results in details as follows : 1) In the children's stress assessment before and after the blood sampling, their stress score after it was lower than that before it. This suggests that it may be related with their sense of inward security after finishing it. 2) The score of nursing care that children felt was inclined to be lower during the blood sampling procedure. The nursing care is very important for the young children security and more appropriate care is much more useful for the children. 3) As the changes of skin impedance and temperature just before and after blood sampling, the skin impedance and temperature was going down. This suggests that it comes from the severe mental stress. 4) In the stress evaluation of skin impedance and temperature just before and after the blood sampling, we could emphasige the very close relationship between them.原著論文departmental bulletin pape
文献レビューによる看護における援助 ―ヴァージニア・ヘンダーソン「看護の基本となるもの」の基本的看護ケア・援助から考える―
Get PDF本研究は、ヴァージニア・ヘンダーソンの著書「看護の基本となるもの」に、help・assistの用い方を分析することで、ヘンダーソンの考える「援助」を探索し、また援助のもつ意味とその働きかけについて検討することを目的とする。方法は、「看護の基本となるもの」と「看護論」よりhelp・assist、careの使用頻度を分析するとともに、「看護の基本となるもの」の中のhelp・assistの訳の変化について分析し、それぞれの年代においてhelp・assistの用例がどのような意味で使用されているかを調査した。その結果、helping・help・assistは身体や精神の行動への援助を表しており、自立に向けている内容は、helpingは58%、helpは9%、assistは見出せなかった。援助(help・assist)とcareの用い方は同一ではないことが示唆された。The purpose of this research is to investigate the meanings of "help" and "assist" in Virginia Henderson's Basic Principles of Nursing Care by analyzing her use of these terms, and then to consider the meanings that she assignes to them and their influence. First, the frequency of use of "help", "assist" and "care" in Basic Principles of Nursing Care and The Nature of Nursing is analyzed. Next, changes in the meanings of "help" and "assist" as used in each age are investigated by analyzing the changes in the translations of these words in Basic Principles of Nursing Care. As a result, it was found that "helping", "help", and "assist" express ideas of "help and assistance" for daily physical or psychological activities. Contents relating to independence were found in 58% of cases for "helping" and 9 % of cases for "help, " but no such relationship could be found for "assist, " suggesting that the usages "help/assist" and "care" are not identical.原著論文departmental bulletin pape