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Undrained shear strength based on piezocone and laboratory tests for tropical soils
No full textxxi, 116 p. ;This paper presents a study on the geotechnical properties of two residual soil sites (Buloba a less seismic zone and Buliisa an extreme seismic zone in Uganda) to characterize, propose and recommend models for the estimation of Undrained shear strength (Su). The analysis utilized data from 32 (Thirty-Two) piezocone penetration tests, Twenty-Eight (28) Liquid Limit tests, Twenty-Eight (28) Plastic Limit tests, Twenty-Eight (28) Linear Shrinkage tests, Twelve (12) Consolidation tests, 13 (Thirteen) Consolidated Undrained Triaxial tests. The results showed that the fine content, natural moisture content, liquid limit, plasticity index, and linear shrinkage varied within each site. Furthermore, the undrained shear strength, internal friction, and cohesive values also varied between sites. The study proposed appropriate empirical correlations for obtaining the Su of residual soils, and observed that Nkt value of 56 is proposed for slightly consolidated residual soils while Nkt = 288 should be used for heavily consolidated residual soils during the obtaining of the Su.
Furthermore, the study concluded that SHANSEP constants of s = 0.07 and m = 0.82 should be appropriate for estimating the undrained shear strength of residual soils. However, caution should be taken as these empirical relationships are site-specific and considerate of uncertainties. Overall, this paper provides valuable insights for geotechnical engineers to consider for residual soil analysis
Gye nvudde w’ensomesa y’Oluganda
No full textP. (1-28) ;Gye buva bwenkana, olulimi lwonna lwa mugaso nnyo mu bulamu bw’omuntu; lumusobozesa okuwuliziganya n’abalala ate lumwawula ku bantu b’amawanga amalala kubanga lwe lukongojja ebyobuwangwa by’eggwanga lye. Lusobola okumukulaa-kulanya mu mbeera zonna; gamba mu byenfuna, mu byobufuzi, mu byeddiini wamu ne mu by’enkolagana n’abalala kubanga aluyigiramu era n’alukoleramu ebintu bingi. Okuva edda n’edda, Abaganda baasomesebwanga Oluganda era ne bayita mu lwo okwekulaakulanya mu mbeera zonna. Beeyambisanga litulica omwogere gwe baatambuzanga okuva ku mulembe ogumu okudda ku mulala, ng’abantu abakulu wamu n’abaabanga n’ebitone eby’enjawulo be bavunaanyizibwa ku kuten-deka emigigi emito - nga babalaga enkola y’ebintu ko n’okubeenyigizaamu. Ensomesa y’Oluganda yatambula kinnawadda okutuusa lwe yajjirwa Abazungu abaakyusa enteekateeka yaayo nga n’ekisinga byonna, be Bazungu okuggya Abaganda ku byabwe ate ne batandika okubasigamu ebyabwe (eby’Abazungu). Olwaleero, ebyenjigiriza ebisobozesa omuntu okufuuka yinjiniya, omusawo, omubazi w’ebitabo oba omukugu ow’engeri endala yonna, bisibukira ddala ku byenjigiriza bya Bajjajjaffe ebyakakasanga nti omwana atendekebwa obukugu obwamusobozesanga okuwangaala mu nsi. Noolwekyo, tugamba nti kirungi bitobekebwe mu byenjigiriza ebyo-mulembe guno ogwa saayansi ne tekinologiya kubanga bikyali bya mugaso nnyo mu kukuza omwana omuntumulamu era alibeera ow’omugaso mu nsi. Olupapula luno luwa ennyanjula; ennyinyonnyola y’ebigambo ebi-kulu; ne lulambika ensomesa y’Oluganda okuva ng’Abazungu tebannajja; nga bamaze okujja; okusoomoozebwa kwe luzze lusanga; ne kibaako n’amagezi ge kiwa mu buufu obwo
Comparative analysis of force account mechanism and contracting in implementation of road projects in central Uganda
No full textxii, 89 p. : col.A well-maintained road network is critical to the transformation of a country’s economic development. This study compared the unit costs for implementing road improvements in Uganda using the force account mechanism versus contracting. Both quantitative and qualitative research designs were used in the study. The use of questionnaires with closed-ended questions helped collect quantitative data, and interview guides helped collect qualitative data. Stata (V13) was used to analyze the primary data that were gathered from the field, while Excel spreadsheets were used to analyze the secondary data. The findings on the influences for effective implementation of force account mechanism on implementation of road projects found that the cost per unit of the road was the most important, followed by employee skills, the availability of road equipment, and human resource costs. The study also found that the biggest barriers to the effective implementation of FAM were a lack of equipment, accountability for funds, and insufficient funding for road upgrades. The findings further, on comparison of the Unit cost for FAM and Contracting revealed that the unit cost incurred under contracting was five times higher than that incurred under force account mechanism. While on the strategies, the most significant strategy was adherence to public procurement laws followed by establishment of a supervision committee. In conclusion, FAM has saved the implementation costs of road projects in local governments though it still faces challenges most especially funding and equipment that the government has to solve. The study recommends that the government doubles the funding for implementation, buy enough equipment for districts, outfit the areas without workshops, evaluate the procedures for routine manual maintenance, conduct personnel training, and raise worker pay
Gender-based approaches for improving milk safety, value addition and marketing among smallholder livestock farmers
No full textIn the context of Uganda, this study delves into gender-based strategies aimed at enhancing women's engagement in milk safety, value addition and marketing within smallholder livestock farming. The objectives were twofold: first, to document the current practices of women in milk safety, value addition, and marketing channels; second, to examine the constraints, opportunities, and strategies related to the production of safe milk and milk products, along with accessing sustainable markets. Conducted in four sub-counties of Kiruhura district, this research employed both qualitative participatory methods and structured questionnaires, including twelve focused group discussions and twenty key informant interviews with both women and men. Notably, 217 structured questionnaires were administered. The findings illuminate that women play a central role in milk processing, water provisioning, sanitation, hygiene practices and were the primary contributors to milk value addition, particularly in the production of butter and ghee. Despite their active involvement, women face challenges in accessing adequate milk quantities, employ traditional labor-intensive procedures and encounter difficulties in marketing their processed products. Men, often the household heads, held decision-making authority over milk consumption and control the selling of milk, contributing to gender disparities. Addressing these challenges necessitates comprehensive support, including training and capacity-building initiatives for both men and women in milk value addition, credit access, and market entry. The study underscores the potential for improved women's access to milk quantities, particularly for butter and ghee production, to strengthen rural livelihoods and boost dairy production in Uganda
Factors Influencing Public University’s Role in Community Transformation
No full textP. (1-8) ;Paucity of knowledge exists on the factors that influence the capacity of universities to transform communities, particularly in the Ugandan context. This study examined the internal factors that influence the capacity of Gulu University to contribute to community transformation in Gulu City in Northern Uganda. A cross-sectional study design was used while employing self-administered questionnaire to sample 390 households. Logistic regression model was used to evaluate the influence of internal factors on Gulu University’s role in transforming the surrounding communities. Findings revealed that scholarships by the university (p=.000), enterprises developed within the community through Gulu University’s engagement (p=.007), religious meetings for spiritual transformation (p=.036), and the teaching done at the university (p=.045) had a statistically significant influence on the university’s role in transforming the surrounding community in Gulu city. The study concludes that universities, the central government, and other stakeholders need to focus more on scholarships for further education, enterprise development, supporting the church, and teaching in the university to realise multiplied transformation of the surrounding communities
Efficient tariff system in the electricity distribution: Evidence from Uganda
No full textThis study investigates incentive regulation to foster an efficient tariff system in the electricity
distribution subsector in Uganda. This study seeks to find empirical evidence to support the
argument that regulation is associated with efficiency among distributors. It seeks to design an
appropriate model of incentive regulation within the distribution subsector. It assesses the efficiency
of existing tariff setting system with a view of guiding policy on how best incentives should be
appropriated. It uses the data envelopment analysis and stochastic frontier analysis to investigate how
distribution firms use input costs to come up with an efficient end user tariffs. Quarterly data used is
from Electricity Regulatory Authority (ERA) covering the period 2013-2019.
The findings are that distribution firms cost inputs are inconsistent with the way they their
operational and maintenance costs are generated and transmitted to end user tariff. The regulator
should be keen on the way tariff is set such that it is fair to all players in the electricity markets.
Incentive regulation has a positive influence on cost efficiency and end user tariff. A reduction in
energy losses and energy purchases from transmitter makes up the most efficient cost drivers.
Lastly, tariff regulation has increased efficiency in operations through in improved quality and
reliability of power distribution. First and foremost is reduced load shedding, secondly is more
reliable power distribution to end users. Appropriate Incentive regulation has a direct effect on cost
of utility and in increasing access of vulnerable groups
Reverse logistics capabilities and supply chain performance in a developingcountry context
No full textp (1-13) ;Today and in the highly complex pharmaceutical industry, reverse logistics is a core capabilityfor pharma companies that seek competitive advantages from the efficient management ofreturns and recalls, e.g. due to errors, expired stocks, quality-related or environmental issues,non-compliance and other consumer-related concerns. And yet in many developing countrieswhere the pharma industry is a big part of the economy, the value of RL is not well understood.In this study, we examine the ambivalent impact of reverse logistics capabilities within thepharmaceutical supply chains in a developing country by focusing on four key reverse logisticscapabilities, i.e. logistics information systems, process formalisation, flexibility, and top man-agement support. The findings show that logistics information management systems, processformalisation, and flexibility significantly affect supply chain performance of pharmaceuticalfirms. However, the hierarchical regression found no significant moderating effect of topmanagement support between reverse logistics capabilities and supply chain performance.Our subsequent discussion and implications for practice and future research are based onthese findings
Determination of mineral nutrient composition of fish tank effluent and its effect on growth and yield of bulb onion, Allium Cepa
No full textxv, 70 p. : col.Fish tank effluent has been reported as a cheap bio-fertiliser, and increases soil physico-chemical properties, hence improving soil fertility thus high production of bulb onion. A study was conducted to determine mineral nutrient composition of fish tank effluent and its effect on growth and yield of bulb onion, Allium cepa L. at Kyambogo University. The study determined the physico-chemical properties of fish tank effluent at different concentrations, effect of fish tank effluent concentration on growth and yield of bulb onion and assessed the gross margin of bulb onions grown under different concentrations of fish tank effluent. Treatments included 0, 100, 200 and 400 ml/L, and were laid out in a Completely Randomized Block Design with six replications for two trials. Data was collected; on Electro conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solutes (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), growth, yield and gross margin. Data collected was analysed by One Way ANOVA for objective one and two using Genstat statistical package (15th edition). Gross margin was computed using excel 2017 version. All results on physico- chemical properties varied significantly (P 0.05) affect mean leaf area as a key growth parameter. The highest mean yield (26.84 ± 0.69 t/ha) was from plots treated with 200 ml/L and the lowest (14.49 ± 1.22t/ha) from 0 ml/L. The highest gross margin (71.76%) was from 200ml/L while the lowest (64.26%) was from 0 ml/L. In conclusion, physico-chemical properties varied among the different concentrations. Fish tank effluent concentration did not significantly affect growth parameters, significantly affected bulb onion yield, bulb height and harvest index but none significant on bulb onion diameter. Fish tank effluent at a concentration of 400 ml/L is recommended as a bio-fertilizer, for having highest amounts of physico-chemical properties. Fish tank effluent at concentration of 200 ml/L is recommended for better bulb onion growth, yield and gross margin in bulb onion production. Further studies on comparison of tank fish effluent and other different types of aquaculture systems should be under taken in bulb onion production
Utilization of modern contraceptive methods among female refugee adolescents at Kyangwali refugee settlement, Kikuube district, south-western Uganda
No full textxi, 56 p. ;Despite global efforts, inadequate contraceptive provision remains a significant issue, particularly among vulnerable populations such as teenagers, travelers, those residing in slums, and refugees (WHO, 2020). In Uganda, 30.4% of adolescents have unmet family planning needs (UDHS, 2016). Refugees and migrants face various challenges in accessing family planning services, such as language barriers, low education levels, lack of information, cultural and religious taboos, limited income, and personal experiences with contraceptive side effects.
This study aims to assess the utilization of modern contraceptives among female refugee adolescents in Kyangwali refugee settlement, identify factors influencing their contraceptive use, determine knowledge and accessibility of contraceptive methods, and determine the proportion of adolescents utilizing these methods.
A cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing structured questionnaires, focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews (KIIs) for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and thematic content analysis. Univariate and bivariate methods were utilized, including frequency generation at the univariate level, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression to test variable associations.
The study interviewed 399 sexually active female refugee adolescents (aged 15-19 years). The prevalence of modern contraceptive use (all methods) was 15.3% (95% CI: 11.8-19.0). Condoms (54.1 %) and injectables (31.1 %) were the most preferred methods, with lack of family planning knowledge cited as the primary reason for non-use. Significant associations were found between socio-demographic factors (e.g., age, marital status, education level, and school attendance) and modem contraceptive use.
The study reveals a low prevalence of modern contraceptive utilization (15.4%), with injectables being the most known method (35.0%). Barriers to uptake include: side effects, lack of knowledge, myths, misconceptions, inadequate privacy and functionality of adolescent-friendly healthcare facilities. These findings directly relate to the study objectives by highlighting the critical need to assess the factors influencing contraceptive use, examine knowledge, accessibility, and determine the proportion of adolescents utilizing these methods.
Urgent measures are needed to improve adolescents' access to high-quality sexual and reproductive healthcare in refugee settings, thereby addressing the identified barriers and enhancing contraceptive uptake among female refugee adolescents in Kyangwali.
By focusing on these objectives, the research seeks to highlight the barriers to contraceptive use in this demographic and inform targeted interventions to improve reproductive health outcomes
Student teachers’ competence acquisition through practical instructions in home economics at Paidha PTC, Zombo district
No full textx, 82 p. : ill. (some col) ;This study investigated student teachers’ competence acquisition through practical instructions in teaching and learning processes. It was intended to improve their competence in cookery, baking and sewing skills in order to teach primary school children on some productive practical skills. The study was carried out in a classroom setting to find out how practical instructions develop learners competence with support of resources and materials, and the assessment of the development of competence acquisition in student teachers. The study employed an Action Research Approach with qualitative research methods such as reflecting, planning and acting observing. Observation method was used to assess practical instructions while reflecting on a cyclic format until learners acquired intended competencies. Other methods included; demonstration, hands-on, experimentation, display, project work, collaboration and group work. Tools included interview guide, observation checklist and camera to record activities. Feedback was based on what was being studied and planned in relation to the study objectives. The findings demonstrated that practical instructions in Home Economics teaching and learning processes laid a better ground for competence acquisition, enabled participant’s experiential learning acquired hands-on skills and experience an authentic learning linking theories to practices. The findings further revealed that, conducting effective practical instructions geared towards competence acquisitions, the college administration needed to allocate Home Economics practical instructions on the timetable, provide a workshop or room, and purchase some tools and equipment such as kitchen scales and other tools to enable practicing competence