International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences
Not a member yet
668 research outputs found
Sort by
Verification and validation of digital twins and virtual testbeds
No full textOur society is surrounded by technical systems that increasingly influence andtake over aspects of everyone’s everyday life. As we build on the correct functioning, the need for appropriate methodologies that support the development of reliable products persists. However, the development and in particular the qualification become challenging due to their increasing inherent complexity. Virtual testbeds and digital twins are modern key concepts in this context and offer a wide range of opportunities for simulation-based verification and validation processes with virtual prototypes, especially in cases where real tests are hard to perform. However, the validity of test results derived from virtual experiments depends on the quality of the underlying simulation models.Of course, the models themselves must be verified before. But in the contextof virtual testbeds and digital twins this becomes challenging since the corresponding models are usually complex themselves. Therefore, we presented an approach to establish structured verification and validation activities for digital twins and virtual testbeds, based on a modular configuration framework that supports the development of complex simulation models
A numerical simulation of PM2.5 concentration using the WRF-Chem model during a high air pollution episode in 2019 in Jakarta, Indonesia
Get PDFJakarta, as a megapolitan city, is always crowded with thousands of vehicles every day which results in decreased air quality due to combustion emissions and may have a significant impact on human health. Particulate matter (PM2.5) is a pollutant that has an aerodynamic diameter of fewer than 2.5 micrometers and is very easy to enter the human respiratory system so it can affect health. In the dry season, rain as the main natural mechanism for reducing PM2.5 occurs very rarely, causing an accumulation of PM2.5 concentrations in the atmosphere. The weather research and forecasting model coupled with the chemistry (WRF-Chem) model is a dynamic model that works with atmospheric chemistry combined with meteorological variables simultaneously. This study aims to simulate the concentration of PM2.5 in Jakarta during the high air pollution episode from 20 to 29 June 2019 with the WRF-Chem model based on the T1-MOZCART chemical scheme. Spatial analysis was conducted to determine the distribution of PM2.5 concentrations during high air pollution episodes in Jakarta. Validation of the simulation model was based on three observation sites, one in South Jakarta and two in Central Jakarta. The results showed that the highest correlation is 0.3 and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) is 26.4, while the simulations still tend to overestimate the PM2.5 concentration
A review of simulink for single-phase rectifier
Get PDFThe current review aimed to i) Simulate the work of electronic transformer; ii) Analyze and design different types of electronic transformer; and iii) Identify the most important joints of the topic in the work of the electronic transformer by evaluating and improving the system components. The number of electronic keys has been approved in terms of representing the number of phases on one side and the type of wave on the other hand such as one-half phase full wave or wave, as well as single-phase, which will be detailed later. The type of electronic keys has also been adopted in terms of the representation of electronic keys in the form of a diode, a transistor, or a thyristor
An effective control structure of on-board battery charger for electric vehicles
Get PDFThe plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) including plug-in hybrid electric and all-electric vehicles will play a key role in the transportation future throughout the world. Consequently, a variety of works must be done to decrease the cost, improve the structure and increase the convenience of PEVs. This study proposed a single-phase, non-isolated and on-board battery charger with no use of any transformer which reduced the volume and weight of the system for PEVs. The main purpose is to provide an accurate control structure in order to achieve an acceptable charging in the wide range of voltage. The proposed structure is simulated by matrix laboratory (MATLAB) software. The results showed a high-power density, high efficiency and appropriate power factor from the structure of the non-isolated and single-phase charger
Impact of renewable energy in Indian electric power system
Get PDFThis paper addresses the impact of renewable power generation such as photovoltaic and wind energy in the existing power system operations. Various modeling approaches and power quality/reliability analysis of these renewable energy sources in the electric power system by researchers and research organisations and utilities are outlined and their impacts are assessed. Challenges and protection schemes of renewable power integration into the existing grid are discussed through a detailed literature review and study of renewable integration into the Indian power system are outlined including potential planning and policy actions to support renewable energy integration in India
Arduino-based night return mechanism for passive solar trackers
Get PDFSolar trackers are support platforms that keep photovoltaic panels facing the sun by following the sun from dusk to dawn. There exist active solar trackers that make use of motors and gears to orientate the photovoltaic panels towards the sun; and passive solar trackers that operate through the differential heating of the fluid in the tracking rack to follow the sun. Passive solar trackers suffer from the lack of a night return mechanism and a slow wake-up response in the mornings due to the limitations on the surface inclination angle of the rack. This paper seeks to address these issues by proposing an Arduino-based night return mechanism for passive solar trackers. An energy-saving heating element such as the ultra heating fabric manufactured by WireKinetics Co. is installed on the west-side canister of the tracker. Before dawn, the fabric is automatically heated and this will force the refrigerant in the west-side canister to vaporize and cool in the east-side canister, forcing the tracker to return and face eastward before sunrise. The night return mechanism is designed and simulated using proteus profesional. Simulation results show that this system can significantly optimize the function of passive solar trackers
Effect of thiourea on structure, morphology, and optical properties of spray deposited CZTS thin films for solar cell applications
Get PDFCu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) films of different Thiourea (SC (NH2)2) molarity were deposited by using a simple chemical spray technique at substrate temperature 275 °C. Analytical reagent Grade Copper chloride (CuCl2), Zinc chloride (ZnCl2), and Tin chloride (SnCl4.5H2O) were used as Cu+, Zn+, and Sn+ ion sources respectively and thiourea (SC(NH2)2) (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1 M) was used as an S- ion source. A set of five CZTS films was deposited using five different molarity of thiourea. The structure, morphology, elemental analysis, and optical properties of these films were studied using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and UV-visible spectroscopy techniques respectively. The XRD spectra showed that all films are polycrystalline tetragonal structures with preferential orientation along 112 planes. The calculated crystallite size was increased with an increase in thiourea concentration. Variations of optical band gap with thiourea molarity have been investigated using Tauc plots. SEM micrographs exhibit CZTS spherical granules regularly arranged with some void spaces. The purity of deposited films was investigated using EDX analysis. All the CZTS films exhibit a higher absorption coefficient (α>104) cm-1 and a band gap in the reported range (1.2 to 1.53 eV) can be used as an absorber layer in solar cells
Review of impedance source power converter for electrical applications
Get PDFPower electronic converters have been actively researched and developed over the past decades. There is a growing need for new solutions and topography to increase the reliability and efficiency of alternatives with lower cost, size and weight. Resistor source converter is one of the most important power electronic converters that can be used for AC-DC, AC-AC, DC-DC and DC-DC converters which can be used for various applications such as photovoltaic systems, wind power systems, electricity. Vehicles and fuel cell applications. This article provides a comprehensive overview of Z-source converters and their implementation with new configurations with advanced features, emerging control strategies and applications
Off-grid rural electrification using integrated renewable energy sources
Get PDFPresented in this study is an economic and technical evaluation to determine the optimal system combination for off-grid power generation based on solar, wind, and biodiesel renewable energy resource. Nsukka being endowed with high-intensity solar radiation, adequate wind speed, and sufficient bioresource is a prospective candidate for a hybrid system. The monthly average daily global radiation ranges from 3.91 kWh/m2 to 5.74 kWh/m2 and the average wind speed is about 2.64 m/s. This system was designed to meet the load requirement of the school with annual electrical demand of 10,163 MWh. Sensitivity analysis was carried out based on the effect of changes in biodiesel fuel price and interest rates on the economic performance criteria of the optimal configuration. The optimum hybrid system is composed of a 1 kW capacity PV system, an auto-sized biodiesel generator, and a battery bank of 820 h of autonomy. The levelized cost of energy from the optimal system was found to be 0.126 per kWh. The system's life span is for 25 years, and it is sustainable, economical, technically feasible, and environmentally friendly
Utilizing ultra-wideband with wireless telecommunications applications microstrip
Get PDFThe small aspect, as well as low margins of the microstrip chip amplifier (MPA) is being used in a contact system. For the last few times within the last year's research, the majority of work with MPA has been centered towards designing the portable antenna design. Wireless networking systems may be fitted with a new ultrawideband digital monopoly antenna. Throughout this exponentially changing environment, and dual multi-standard antennas play a crucial role in the implementation of cell towers. This paper presents the nature of an ultra-wideband (UWB)-based antenna array for the shape of a substratum, feeding strategies or openings