International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences
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Evaluating telemedicine diabetes mellitus: a mobile health app for type-2 diabetes
Get PDFTelemedicine diabetes mellitus (Tele-DM) mobile health (mHealth) tool functionality, usefulness, and user feedback were examined in this study. Data from nine distinct users of type-2 diabetes (T2D) patients, healthcare professionals (HCPs), and administrators was analyzed to determine functionality. Data retrieval times increased with database user data amount, according to the study. A 3-month program with five T2D patients reduced weight (0.98 kg) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (0.34%). This shows that Tele-DM helps manage diabetes, but more participants are needed to confirm. Nine Tele-DM customers were satisfied with the app's reception, according to 14 online questionnaires. Overall, Tele-DM simplifies diabetic self-management in a novel way. This study shows its potential to transform diabetes management and address major healthcare issues
Development of a soil electrical conductivity measurement system in paddy fields
Get PDFThis study aims to develop a data collection system for measuring soil electrical conductivity (EC) in Paddy Fields using the Wenner measurement principle, with one electrode configuration based on the Veris 3100 measuring machine, and a second electrode configuration with fixed electrodes. The result is a system that measures soil EC using the fixed electrode configuration for more stable results compared to the coulter electrode configuration on the Veris 3100. This system comprises three main components: a 7-inch industrial touchscreen monitor used for real-time monitoring and storing collected data on external memory, a controller that provides reverse direct current (DC) power supply to the electrodes and measures voltage and current parameters on the electrodes, two mechanical configurations including six electrodes in contact with the soil. The system is developed to operate best after soil preparation and before seed sowing. The collected data is processed and compared to actual measurements using an artificial neural network (ANN), resulting in an R2=0.7449, equivalent to linear regression. The system has been successfully installed and operated on a handheld tractor and tested in Paddy Fields on the outskirts of Can Tho City, Vietnam
Fundamental frequency extraction by utilizing modified BaNa in noisy speech
Get PDFA sound’s pitch can be largely understood and perceived by using its fundamental frequency. Multiple algorithms have been developed for extracting fundamental frequency, and the choice of which one to employ depends on the noise and features of the signal. Therefore, for an accurate fundamental frequency estimate, the noise resistance of the algorithm becomes even more crucial. Still, many of the most advanced algorithms fail to produce acceptable results when faced with loud speech recordings that have low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). In this research paper, we focus on the harmonic selection step in BaNa method, which is one of the vital parts for enhancing the extraction accuracy of fundamental frequency (F0) in noisy situations. BaNa algorithm always emphasizes 5 harmonics on average for both male and female speakers. However, our observation reveals that relying on 5 harmonics is inadequate for male speakers in noisy conditions. Thus, we propose a new idea based on BaNa that separately utilizes the 3 harmonics for male speakers and 5 harmonics for female speakers to achieve accurate pitch extraction within noisy environments. The results demonstrate that our proposed approach attains the lowest rate of gross pitch error (GPE) across various noise types and SNR levels
Comparing 5G indoor wireless technologies: optical vs ultraviolet communication
Get PDFWireless communication technologies have become one of the biggest technologies that are considered suitable for radio frequency in various types of applications, including indoor applications. This study investigates the differences between optical wireless communication (OWC) and ultraviolet wireless communication (UVC). Several parameters are simulated, including bit error rate (BER), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), data rate, and received power, to compare the performance of each technology in various scenarios. Owing to its wide bandwidth, license-free frequency spectrum, and low signal attenuation at low carrier frequencies, the OWC is suitable for radio frequency applications in many situations, including indoor environments. The simulation results show that UVC outperformed OWC in terms of BER and SNR. Moreover, UVC has a higher data transmission rate of up to 1.1 Gbps, making it a suitable technology for 5G communication
Addition chain heuristics in application to elliptic curve cryptosystems
Get PDFThe idea of an addition chain can be applied to scalar multiplication involving huge number operations in elliptic curve cryptosystems. In this article, initially, we study the taxonomy of the addition chain problem to build up an understanding of the problem. We then examine the mathematics behind an optimal addition chain that includes the theoretical boundary for the upper limit and lower limit which laid the foundation for experimentation hereafter. In the following, we examine different addition chain solutions that were used to increase efficiency in scalar multiplication. To avoid any possible confusion, we intentionally separated the discussion into two modules called integer recoding method and chain generator based on the heuristics method. These methods were developed by considering various aspects such as the space within which the operation is executed, the curve that is selected, the formulation to express the original equation, and the choices of operation and arithmetic, all together to improve operational efficiency
Preparation and characterization of cellulose acetate propionate membrane
Get PDFMembrane technology is a technique in water and wastewater treatment that has many advantages. This study focuses on the manufacture and characterization of cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) membranes using the phase inversion method. The CAP is preferable since it is a biopolymer that is environmentally friendly and cheap. The production of CAP membrane was carried out using phase inversion method, and varied in 3 different concentrations of CAP i.e., 13, 14, and 15% wt., with additional material of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The characterization was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis to determine its morphology, pores, and functional groups. The results show that the membrane containing 13% wt. CAP exhibits higher porosity with more macropores than a membrane with 14 and 15% wt. CAP. However, membranes with higher concentrations of CAP show more uniform pores and fewer macropores. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups in the membrane such as C-O, -CH3, C=O, C-H, and –OH. It is also found that there is a shift in Wavenumber due to the increase in the concentration of CAP in each membrane
Enhancing flexural resistance in hot mix asphalt: a study of effects of wire mesh on load-bearing capacity
Get PDFIn transportation engineering, road pavement is commonly categorized as either flexible pavement or rigid pavement. The pavement demonstrates a distinct capacity to endure a variety of loads, including compressive and tensile loads. The capacity to endure compressive and tensile forces is extremely important, especially in the field of pavement construction, as it ensures both the longevity and the safety of the pavement. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of hot mix asphalt to endure compressive and tensile pressures. The experimental methodology employed four different wire mesh deployment configurations on hot asphalt mixtures, utilizing three-point flexural test equipment. The data indicates the most effective method for mimicking hot mix asphalt involves adding a wire mesh layer at a depth of 30 mm below the surface of the experimental specimen. The particular modeling method showed a measurement of flexural resistance up to 291.85 kN. The study's findings indicate that the hot asphalt mixture exhibits a state of balance in its capacity to endure both compressive and tensile pressures. Incorporating a wire mesh layer within the middle section of the hot asphalt mixture has been perceived to enhance its ability to withstand tensile loads, hence improving its overall performance
Green conversion of red snapper fish scale-derived carbon dots and its absorption properties for solar thermal desalination
Get PDFFisheries wastes have been used as precursors for the synthesis of carbon dots (CDs). These wastes are often converted using hydrothermal methods which require high temperature and pressure, leading to high production costs, especially for large-scale production. This study aims to innovate a low-cost synthesis method with the potential for large-scale production. Green conversion of CDs from red snapper fish scale waste was carried out using a combination of immersion method and ultrasonic wave treatment. The results showed that the products had an absorption peak at a wavelength of 404 nm and an energy bandgap of 2.7 eV. Excitation at 404 nm was associated with non-bonding n orbital to antibonding orbital * electronic transitions due to the presence of free electron pairs and related with carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bonds. The 2.7 eV energy bandgap was associated with the state of amine groups containing free electron pairs located on the surface of CDs as well as blue light emission at a wavelength of 460 nm when CDs were illuminated with ultraviolet light. Red snapper fish scale-derived CDs showed fluorescence characteristics and the presence of nitrogen elements, making them potential photothermal materials for solar-powered seawater desalination processes
The production-inventory model with imperfect, rework, and scrap items under stochastic demand
Get PDFInventory is crucial in maintaining a smooth production process and meeting consumer demand for manufacturing companies. This research focuses on production problems involving defects, rework, and scrap items in stochastic demand. This research aims to develop a production-availability model by minimizing the expectation of total cost (ETC). The model includes four main decision variables, namely production quantity (Q), safety factor (k), production rate (P), and rework rate (P1). This research uses the Aquila optimizer algorithm to optimize the objective function. It compares with the heuristic procedure and Harris Hawk optimization algorithm. The results showed that the Aquila optimizer algorithm successfully optimized the production-availability problem. A comparison between algorithms indicates that the Aquila optimizer algorithm performs equivalently to the Harris Hawk optimization algorithm and outperforms the heuristic procedure. Sensitivity analysis shows that increasing demand uncertainty increases ETC and k. At the same time, it can decrease Q
Enhanced U-Net models with encoder and augmentation for phytoplankton segmentation
Get PDFThis study comprehensively analyzes U-Net models for semantic segmentation in phytoplankton image recognition, leveraging encoders such as EfficientNet-B5, MobileNetV2, ResNet50, and ResNeXt50 and employing the Adam optimizer. The research highlights the U-Net MobileNetV2 model with optical distortion, which achieves notable test scores with 93.69% Dice, 88.14% intersection over union (IoU), 99.89% Precision, and 100% Recall, underscoring the efficacy of the applied augmentation strategies, including geometric and distortion transforms, and color and blur techniques. The U-Net ResNet50 model with mix transform consistently demonstrates high accuracy in critical metrics, outperforming others, while EfficientNet-B5 with blur suggests increased model sensitivity with improved recall. These results underscore the crucial role of encoder-augmentation synergy in model performance. Training and testing times across models have remained under 250 seconds, reflecting methodological efficiency. Overall, these results demonstrate the model's excellent performance for the semantic segmentation task