International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
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Wind energy resource assessment of desert sites in Algeria: energy and reduction of CO2 emissions
Get PDFThis paper presents a statistical analysis of wind potential of four locations in southern Algeria, namely Adrar, In Salah, Illizi and Tamanrasset, using the Weibull distribution. The evaluation the energy production by the CALORIUS 37 wind turbine taking into account the meteorological (wind and temperature and geographical (latitude, longitude and altitude) datas of these locations. The data were collected every 3 hours over 5 years and used to estimate of the annual energy produced, in order to determine the amount of three types of fossil energy (natural gas, gasoil and gasoline) preserved and the quantities of CO2 that can be avoided. The shape parameter k, varies from 2.0 (Illizi and Tamanrasset) to 2.48 (In Salah), this means that all the distributions are stable, while the scale parameters C varies from 4.6 m/s (Illizi) to 6.3 m/s (In Salah) and mean velocity v varies from 4.1 m/s (Illizi) to 5.5 m/s (Adrar), while the annual energy produced by CALORIUS 37 range from 4467.6 kWh (Illizi) to 8409.6 kWh (Adrar), the equivalent of energies range from 0.38 TEP (Illizi) to 0.72 TEP (Adrar) and the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) that we can provide varies from 0.90 TE-CO2 (natural gas power plant in Illizi ) to 2.24 TE-CO2 (gasoil power plant in Adrar)
Partition of spaces based algorithm for reduction of real power loss
Get PDFIn this work partition of spaces algorithm is proposed to solve optimal reactive power problem. In this algorithm, for finding the finest outcome based on the concentration of elevated quality and capable points in specific area is considered. State space area are identified and divided into subspaces iteratively and search has been made more comprehensively. Performance of the proposed partition of spaces algorithm is evaluated in standard IEEE 118,300 bus systems and simulated outcome gives better results. Real power loss has been considerably reduced
Power loss reduction by chaotic based predator-prey brain storm optimization algorithm
Get PDFIn this paper chaotic predator-prey brain storm optimization (CPB) algorithm is proposed to solve optimal reactive power problem. In this work predator-prey brain storm optimization position cluster centers to perform as predators, consequently it will move towards better and better positions, while the remaining ideas perform as preys; hence get away from their adjacent predators. In the projected CPB algorithm chaotic theory has been applied in the modeling of the algorithm. In the proposed algorithm main properties of chaotic such as ergodicity and irregularity used to make the algorithm to jump out of the local optimum as well as to determine optimal parameters CPB algorithm has been tested in standard IEEE 57 bus test system and simulation results show the projected algorithm reduced the real power loss considerably
Numerical analysis of MHD casson fluid flow over an exponentially accelerated vertical plate in embedded porous medium with ramped wall temperature and ramped surface concentration in uniform magnetic field
Get PDFNumerical analysis of MHD casson fluid flow over an exponentially accelerated vertical plate in embedded porous medium with ramped wall temperature and ramped surface concentration has investigated in the current investigation. The flow governing dimensional velocity, temperature and concentration differential equations are converted into non dimensional form by using non-dimensional variables. Numerical solutions to the converted equations are obtained by finite element method. The results are presented graphically and in tabular form for various controlling parameters. In order to highlig ht the validity and accuracy of our present method, we have compared our results with the results obtained earlier. A very good validation of the present numerical results has been achieved
Simulation and experimental validation of single-phase series active power filter using PI and backstepping nonlinear controllers
Get PDFNowadays, power distribution networks are focus mainly on power quality issues. Among the power disturbances, sag, swell and voltage harmonics are studied and deliberated in this research paper. These problems have negative impacts especially on the sensitive load, which have to be protected and secured against these problems. Therefore, to solve such disturbances, the series active power filter (SAPF) can be an efficient solution, which is used to compensate the voltage difference and to reduce the problem’s effects on the power system. In this paper, the SAPF is simulated and experimentally validated, where two control methods are used to control the applied disturbances; which are classical proportional integral PI and nonlinear backstepping controllers. The control structure of the SAPF aims to reduce the error of the injection voltage closed loop, in addition to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) values below 5% and within the specified ranges of the international IEEE-519 standard. From simulation results, the backstepping nonlinear controller has reacted more robustly and efficiently than the conventional PI controller
Performance evaluation and load demand management of grid connected hybrid wind-solar-battery system
Get PDFIn this paper, Performance of the grid connected hybrid wind-solar energy system and load demand response of the battery integrated single phase voltage source inverter is presented. The wind energy conversion system is generating AC power and the solar PV system is generating DC power and both are integrating with battery in the common DC bus. The output voltage of the wind and solar system are controlling using dc-dc converters and it achieved more than the battery voltage. P&O algorithm used MPPT based voltage controller is driving the dc-dc converter with a reference voltage value of the battery. The single-phase full-bridge converter is converting DC to AC power and feeding into the standalone AC loads and distribution grid with IEEE 519 standard. The bi-directional converter is controlling the directions of power flow and it operates two modes namely inverter mode and rectifier mode based on a voltage level of the battery. In this bi-directional converter is controlling by the PI controller with the reference value of the DC bus voltage and load current. The power quality and demandresponse of the inverter is observing at various types of load conditions in standalone mode and grid-connected mode using experimental results
Role of location of household and its socio-economic status on energy consumption dynamics in rural Nepal: a categorical data analysis
Get PDFThis study is based on data collected from two sample surveys. They are namely survey of 300 households of national grid energy users and 400 households of biogas users. It was conducted in three different rural settings of Nepal. The responses to questions were classified into multiple choice options. This generated categorical data and reduced ambiguity and confusion between interviewer and interviewee. Such data were classified into ordinal scale and modelled. As the dependent variable had more than two categories, polytomous and not dichotomous models are developed and fitted. Ten different hypotheses assessing and measuring the energy consumption dynamics are tested. Values of parameters of these model and odds ratio are used in quantifying the impact of change with respect to energy consumption. The variables considered were namely time spent in the collection of firewood, type of house, amount of firewood saved, time saved, employer and school located within 15 min distance. Such data based studies are very crucial for country like Nepal which lacks a strong backbone of accurate and regularly updated official records. They can be generalized to other counties of Asia and Africa. Such results provide guidelines to policy makers and planners regarding formulation of realistic energy policies for such countries
Series active power filter supplied by fuel cell for mitigating power quality issues
Get PDFIn this paper, the combination of the series active power filter (SAPF) with a fuel cell (FC) source is deliberated. The FC based on the SAPF aims to compensate voltage deviations or disturbances that occur in the system caused by power quality issues. The proposed system consists of a fuel cell source connected to the DC l ink through two DC-DC converters, the first extracts the maximum power of the FC source through pulse width modulation (PWM) signals generated from the maximum power point tracker (MPPT) controller. Thus, the second converter is used to regulate the high voltage side of the converter through closed control loops, in addition to a voltage source inverter (VSI) and a series injection transformer. Despite of fluctuations of the DC link during the compensation of the needed energy, MPPT and closed control loops generate PWM signals to the switching devices of DC-DC boost converters in order to extract maximum fuel cell power and to maintain the bus voltage within its limits and around its reference values respectively. The proposed topology is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software, where simulation results show that the proposed FC based SAPF can efficiently reduce problems of voltage sags-wells and harmonics
Simulation of small-scale waste biomass gasification integrated power production: a comparative performance analysis for timber and wood waste
Get PDFA simulation model for integrated waste biomass gasification with cogeneration heat and power has been developed using Aspen Plus. The model can be used as a predictive tool for optimization of the gasifier performance. The system has been modeled in four stages. Firstly, moisture content of biomass is reduced. Secondly biomass is decomposed into its elements by specifying yield distribution. Then gasification reactions have been modeled using Gibbs free energy minimization approach. Finally, power is generated through the internal combustion engine as well as heat recovery system generator. In simulation study, the operating parameters like temperature, equivalence ratio (ER) and biomass moisture content are varied over wide range and their effect on syngas composition, low heating value (LHV) and electrical efficiency (EE) are investigated. Overally, increasing temperature and decreasing ER and MC lead to improvement of the gasification performance. However, for maximum electrical efficiency, it is important to find the optimal values of operating conditions.The optimum temperature, ER and MC of the down draft gasifier for timber and wood waste are 800 ̊C, 0.2- 0.3 and 5%. At such optimum conditions, CO and H2 reach to the highest production and LHV and EE are around 7.064 MJ Nm-3 and 45%, respectively
A hybrid bacterial foraging-particle swarm optimization technique for solving optimal reactive power dispatch problem
Get PDFThis paper presents a hybrid evolutionary computation algorithm termed as hybrid bacterial foraging-particle swarm optimization (HBFPSO) algorithm, to optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem. HBFPSO algorithm merges velocity and position updating strategy of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and reproduction and elimination dispersal of bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA). The ORPD is solved for minimization of two objective functions; system real power loss and voltage stability L-index. The objective is minimized by optimally choosing the control variables; generator excitations, tap positions of on-load tap changing transformers and switched var compensators while satisfying their constraints and also the constraints of dependent variables; voltages of all load buses and reactive power generation of all generators. The proposed approach has been evaluated on a standard IEEE 30 bus test system and 24 bus EHV southern region equivalent Indian power system. The results offered by the proposed algorithm are compared with those offered by other evolutionary computation algorithms reported in the recent state of the art literature and the superiority of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated