International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
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Optimal placement and sizing of distributed generation for loss minimization using ABC optimization
Get PDFThe distributed generation (DG) refers to the use of the nearby units of small generation or in the sleefelzentres. Revisions have shown that unfitting choice of the position and scope of the DG can lead to bigger system sufferers than DG's sufferers. Public services are already available before the high loss of energy loss and of the mediocre voltage profile, in particular developing countries cannot tolerate any increase in losses. From optimal allocation, public services in the reduction of system losses improve tension adjustment and improve delivery reliability. This article aims to minimalize the annual system's annual loss through the appropriate positioning and size of the DG units. The artificials bee colony (ABC) of EPA are inspired by the behavior of the API feeding, this method is incredibly conventional, a stroke or a peoplated stochastic optimization algorithm to meet the solution of the specified problem. At MATLAB, a probabilistic approach is simulated to reach the target indicates that the size of the DGs to be installed to reduce almost the same loss as a percentage that the situation in which the load power is considered constant
Planning models for optimal routing of radial distribution systems
Get PDFThis paper presents three planning models for optimal routing of radial distribution systems. In the first two models, the cost function includes capital cost of lines, energy loss cost, and bays cost. The constraints equations include power balance equations, voltage drop equations, radiality equations, logic equations, thermal limit equations, and bus voltage limit equations. The first model considers the energy loss equation in its quadratic form while the second model approximates the energy loss equation of each cable size by a simple linear segment considering the economic loading of each cable size. In the third model, two sub-models are used where the first one gets the optimal radial network configuration regardless of the cable sizes and voltage constraints. In the second sub-model the best cable size on each selected line of the first model is determined to minimize the system costs while considering the bus voltage limit constraint and thermal limit constraint. Verification of the proposed planning models has been made using a real 11 kV 34-bus distribution network with 68 initial lines
Supplier side optimal bidding strategy for electricity market using bacterial foraging optimization algorithm
Get PDFIn this article, bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithm is developed for single side optimal bidding strategy in an electricity market. Optimal bidding strategy is one of the important functions in the electricity market along with forecasting of the electricity price and the profit based unit commitment. The prime objective of generating company (Genco) is to maximize their profit when they participate in the bidding pro-cess. The BFO algorithm has been used to maximize the probability density function (pdf). In the second stage the BFO algorithm is again applied to maximize the profit of the suppliers. The proposed algorithm is developed in MATLAB (Version, 2019) and tested on standard test case available in the literature. Also, the simulation results are presented and compared. It is noticed that the proposed method yields the best results in terms of profit
Amplified and quantum based brain storm optimization algorithms for real power loss reduction
Get PDFIn this work amplified brain storm optimization (ABS) algorithm and quantum based brain storm (QBS) optimization algorithm is applied to solve the problem. A node is arbitrarily chosen from the graph as the preliminary point to form a Hamiltonian cycle. At generation t and t+1, Lt and Lt+1 are the length of Hamiltonian cycle correspondingly. In the QBS algorithm a Quantum state of an idea is illustrated by a wave function ( ⃗ ) as an alternative of the position modernized only in brain storm optimization algorithm. Monte Carlo simulation method is used, to measure the position for each idea from the quantum state to the traditional one. Proposed ABS algorithm and QBS optimization algorithm has been tested in standard IEEE 57 bus test system and real power loss reduced effectively
Performance analysis of power generation by wood and woody biomass gasification in a downdraft gasifier
Get PDFAn equilibrium simulation model was developed by applying Aspen Plus to evaluate the performance of 28 wood and woody biomass (W&WB) gasification in a downdraft gasifier integrated with power production unit. The developed simulation model does not focus the gasification process as a closed box, it considers important processes in gasification like drying, pyrolysis, combustion, gasification and integrated with power production plant (combustion chamber plus gas turbine). The results for the 28 W&WB alternatives show that the net power produced from 1-ton feedstock entering to the gasification system is between the interval [0-400 kW/ton] and among them, gasification system derived from Tamarack bark biomass significantly outranks all other systems by producing 363 kW/ton, owing to the favorable results obtained in the performance analysis. Moreover, effect of various operating parameters such as gasification temperature and air to fuel ratio (AFR) on the system performance was carried out. Finally, the developed model is applied as an effective tool to assess the impact of so many biomasses and operating parameters on output power
Exact solution of unsteady MHD free convective flow with constant heat flux: revisited
Get PDFA solution of unstable MHD free convective flow of an incompressible, viscous and electrically steering fluid created by spontaneous motion of vertical plate subjected to constant heat fluctuation offered by Sacheti et al. has been revisited. The governing equations are deciphered with the aid of Laplace transform procedure, while the inversion is gotten through the Riemann sum approximation approach. Fluid velocity are varied with sundry parameters such as, Prandtl number, Grashof number and Hartmann number have been extensively explicated with the help of graphs. Numerical comparison is carried out and equated with the benchmark values reported in literature and an outstanding agreement is established. This article targeted at amending some discrepancies in the skin-friction offered by Sacheti et al. The benefit of the suggested technique could be a reduction of computation time
A comparative study on AC/DC analysis of an operational low voltage distribution system
Get PDFIn the near future, the digitalizing world will continue to improve and the need for DC based devices will be increased beyond doubt. Today’s electrical grid is strictly dependent on AC-DC rectifiers. Each conversion process means additional power losses and signal quality deteriorations for the network. In addition, networks which are fed by batteries and renewable sources such as solar panels, and wind turbines are suffering from conversion-based power losses. In this respect, the idea of switching to DC on the low voltage side of the networks has become an intriguing subject. In this study, the applicability and efficiency of the low voltage direct current (LVDC) concept for low voltage distribution systems is discussed and a sample LVDC distribution system is analyzed. In this operational residential application electrical transient analyzer program (ETAP) is employed for comparison of different voltage levels such as 110 VDC, 250 VDC, 320 VDC and conventional 220/380 VAC. As a novel approach different DC voltage levels are compared with typical AC system in detail. Comparative analysis is conducted for safety regulations, voltage drops, current carrying capacities, power consumption and harmonic calculation of the proposed system. In this respect applicability, possible drawbacks and future aspects of LVDC systems are interpreted
Synchronizing phasor measurement and STATCOM controller in power system stability enhancement
Get PDFThe objective of this paper is to present the concepts of synchronizing phasor measurement (SPM) and its strategic application in addition with a STATCOM controller for augmentation of dynamic stability in a multimachine power network. The bus voltages of the power network under consideration are estimated in the form of digital signal by a synchronizing phasor measurement unit (SPMU). The output of the PMU is then applied to a fixed structure PI type lead-lag digital STATCOM controller in order to study the performance of this discrete-time digital control in comparison to its analog counterpart for the present control problem. The parameters of the analog controller are first tuned with a popular soft computation technique, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and later this controller is converted to digital one for simulation with sampled data outputs received from SPMU. The validation and effectiveness of the design of the proposed control scheme is illustrated through time domain simulation of a proposed 3- machine, 9-bus test power system. The simulation results of the machine speed deviation response established that the SPM based digital control system is more effectual and resulting better performance than the continuous-time analog control system in power system stability improvement
Simulation of boost AC-AC converter using single-phase matrix converter
Get PDFGenerally, AC-AC converters are implemented using thyristors. These converters generate harmonics and have a low power factor. To eliminate these problems matrix converters (MC) are become used as AC-AC converter. Matrix converters have the capability of being used as frequency changer, rectifier, inverter and chopper. In this work, it is proposed to achieve the desired output of AC-AC Boost converter using single phase matrix converter (SPMC). The operation of single-phase AC-AC boost converter using MC is studied in this paper. The output voltage of this boost converter is higher than the AC input supply voltage. insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) are used as the switching elements in the SPMC power circuit. Sinusoidal Pulse width modulation (SPWM) technique is applied to generate switching signals to obtain the output voltage. The model of the matrix converter is constructed in MATLAB/Simulink programming software package. The behavior of SPMC is simulated with various switching frequencies. The simulation results together with harmonic spectrum and total harmonic distortion (THD) values are presented. Successful operation of boost SPMC is achieved
Intelligent stability margin improvement using series and shunt controllers
Get PDFElectric market always prefers to use full capacity of existing power system to control the costs. Flexible alternate current transmission system (FACTS) devices introduced by Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) to increase the usable capacity of power system. Placement of FACTS controllers in power system is a critical issue to reach their maximum advantages. This article focused on the application of FACTS devices to increase the stability of power system using artificial intelligence. Five types of series and shunt FACTS controllers are considered in this study. Continuation power flow (CPF) analysis used to calculate the collapse point of power systems. Controlling parameters of FACTS devices including their locations are determined using real number representation based genetic algorithm (RNRGA) in order to improve the secure margin of operating condition of power system. The 14 and 118 buses IEEE standard test systems are utilized to verify the recommended method. The achieved results manifestly proved the effectiveness of proposed intelligent method to increase the stability of power system by determining the optimum location and size of each type of FACTS devices