JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE AND LIFE-SCIENCE RESEARCH
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KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICE AND FACTORS INFLUENCING SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS, AGE 18-25 IN THREE FACULTIES IN THE UNIVERSITY OF BUEA
Get PDFPurpose: Substance abuse among university students is a growing concern that poses significant challenges to public health and academic success. Understanding students’ knowledge, practices and factors influencing substance abuse is important in informing targeted interventions and policies to reduce substance abuse and its associated harms within this vulnerable population. This study aims to assess knowledge, practice, prevalence and factors influencing substance abuse among undergraduate students in the University of Buea.
Materials and methods: An institutional cross-sectional study was carried out from March to June 2025, using a sample size of 367 participants from the University of Buea. The data was collected using a structured pre-tested questionnaire. Participants were selected using Simple random sampling and convenience sampling. Descriptive and analytical statistics were done to describe the study population and determine association. Data was coded, entered into Microsoft excel 2016, cleaned and exported into SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 30.0 for analysis. Variables were represented with percentages, mean and standard deviation. A chi-square test was used to determine the association between dependent variables (sociodemographic data) and independent variables (knowledge, practice, influencing factors, prevalence). A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant and the confidence interval was set at 95%.
Results: Out of the 367 participants with mean age of 22.5 (SD=0.35), 75.30% (276) had a high knowledge of substance abuse and 24.70% (91) had a poor knowledge. 47% (114) frequently practiced substance abuse while 53% (128) were infrequent in this practice. The main factor influencing substance abuse among undergraduate students was mental health challenges. The prevalence of substance abuse was 66% (242).
Conclusion: Level of knowledge of substance abuse among students was generally high, with most students engaging in this practice (66%, 242) and 47% (114) abusing substances frequently. The main factors influencing this practice were mental health challenges, easy access to substances and social environment. Prevalence was also high (66%, 242). Addressing these factors are essential and will significantly contribute to reducing substance abuse and its associated health and social consequences in Cameroon
A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF SUBSTANTIA NIGRA CONNECTIVITY: INSIGHTS FROM DIFFUSION IMAGING AND TRACTOGRAPHY STUDIES
Get PDFThe substantia nigra (SN) has long been recognized as a central component of the brain’s motor circuitry, particularly through its role in the nigrostriatal pathway and the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. However, advances in neuroimaging—especially diffusion-based tractography—have considerably expanded our understanding of the SN’s anatomical and functional connectivity. These modern approaches have revealed that the SN contributes not only to motor regulation but also to cognitive, emotional, and motivational networks.
This review consolidates current evidence on the structural connectivity of the human substantia nigra, derived primarily from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography studies. It outlines both classical and recently identified projection pathways, including direct connections between the SN pars compacta and the thalamus, cortico-nigral inputs, and links to limbic and hippocampal regions. The distinctions between the SN pars compacta and the SN pars reticulata are also examined, with emphasis on their differential connectivity patterns and functional specialization. Overall, this paper underscores the functional diversity of the SN and its significance in understanding both motor and neuropsychiatric disorders. By integrating the available findings, it provides a conceptual framework for future investigations into dopaminergic circuits and their clinical implications
EFFECT OF NEUROTROPHIC THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Get PDF54 patients were examined with neurological disorders in chronic kidney disease. They were undergone clinic-instrumental and neuropsychologic examination. In comprasion with Gliatilin at the dose of 1000 mg use of Gliatilin in the form of injections and Gliatilin 400 mg in the form of tablets. Gliatilin effected positively to intellectual-mnestic disorders, by developing its neuroprotective action. In addition, at this dose of drug, brain bioelectrical activity were improved faster in EEG
ENDOMETRIOSIS: ADVANCES IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OPTIONS
Get PDFEndometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, leading to pain, infertility, and reduced quality of life. Early diagnosis and individualized treatment remain critical challenges. Recent advancements in imaging, biomarker identification, and minimally invasive surgical techniques have improved disease management. This review summarizes current diagnostic approaches, therapeutic strategies, and emerging treatment options to enhance clinical outcomes. Endometriosis represents a persistent gynecological disorder in which endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterine cavity, causing pain, menstrual irregularities, dyspareunia, infertility, and reduced life quality. Due to its complex presentation, timely recognition remains challenging. Innovations in imaging techniques, molecular biomarkers, and minimally invasive surgeries have enhanced detection accuracy and therapeutic outcomes. This paper reviews contemporary diagnostic tools, pharmacological options, surgical strategies, and emerging approaches, emphasizing their effectiveness, safety, and potential to improve reproductive and overall health, providing clinicians with updated knowledge to optimize individualized patient management
SURUNKALI OBSTRIKTIV O'PKA KASALLIGIDA XURUJ DAVRIDA BIRINCHI YORDAM TAMOYILLARI: ASOSIY QOIDA VA AMALIYOTLAR
Get PDFSurunkali obstriktiv o'pka kasalligi (SURUNKALI OBSTRIKTIV O’PKA KASALLIGI) – asosan tamaki chekish yoki zararli gazlar natijasida rivojlanadigan, havoning o‘pkalarga o‘tishida surunkali cheklanish bilan tavsiflanadigan kasallikdir. SURUNKALI OBSTRIKTIV O’PKA KASALLIGI xuruji – kasallikning klinik belgilari (nafas qisilishi, yo‘tal, balg‘am)ning odatdagidan keskin yomonlashuvi bo‘lib, tez tibbiy aralashuvni talab qiladi va bemorning hayoti uchun xavflidir. Ushbu maqolada SURUNKALI OBSTRIKTIV O’PKA KASALLIGI xuruji davrida birinchi yordamning zamonaviy tamoyillari, ularning fiziologik asoslari, amaliy qo‘llanilishi va bu borida jamoatchilikni o‘qitish (imrat) ning dolzarbligi muhokama qilinadi. SURUNKALI OBSTRIKTIV O’PKA KASALLIGI xurujining asosiy sabablari, klinik ko‘rinishi, vaziyatni baholash, birinchi yordam choralari (shu jumladan kislorod terapiyasi, bronxolitiklar, kortikosteroidlarni qo‘llash), shuningdek, qayta xurujlarning oldini olish strategiyalari yoritilgan. Maqola nafas yetishmovchiligi bilan og‘rigan bemorlarga birinchi yordam ko‘rsatishda tibbiyot xodimlari va ularning oila a’zolarining bilim darajasini oshirish zarurligiga qaratilgan
ASTILBE CHINENSIS O’SIMLIGINING MORFOLOGIYASI VA DORIVOR XUSUSIYATLARI
Get PDFButun dunyoda texnologiyalar jadal rivojlanayotgan paytda tabiiy zaxiralardan oqilona foydalanish dolzarb masalalardan biriga aylanmoqda. Ayniqsa suniy mahsulotlar soni oshishi, atrof muhitni ifloslanishi natijasida aholi salomatligi yildan yilga yomonlashib bormoqda. Shu munosabat bilan tabiiy vositalarga ehtiyoj oshishi kuzatilmoqda. Bu esa yangi o’simlik homashyosi bazalarini kengaytirishga olib kelmoqda. Shunday yangi O’zbekistonda ilk marta mahalliylashtirilgan Astilbe chinensis o’simligini o’rganish, uning dorivor xususiyatlarini o’rganish ehtiyoji paydo bo’ldi
OʻZBEKLARNING QIRQ URUGʻI TARIXI
Get PDFMazkur maqolada o’zbeklarning 92 urug’i va ularning kelib chiqishi, xususan Qirq urug’i paydo bo’lishi haqidagi nazariyalar, ularning O’zbekiston hududida joylashishi va ayrim joylar toponomiyasiga o’tkazgan tasiri haqida ma’lumotlar beriladi
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MULTISPIRAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTIC DATA IN MONITORING OF CHRONIC DIFFUSE LIVER DISEASES
Get PDFChronic diffuse liver diseases (CKD) are one of the most common pathologies of the hepatobiliary system that require regular dynamic monitoring. Ultrasound (ultrasound) and multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) are the most commonly used instrumental imaging methods. This review is devoted to a comparative analysis of the information content, diagnostic accuracy, and capabilities of these methods in assessing morphological and functional changes in the liver at various stages of chronic diffuse processes. The advantages, limitations, and role of modern technologies such as contrast enhancement, elastography, spectral analysis, and 3D reconstruction in improving diagnostic accuracy are considered. Based on literature data and clinical observations, it is concluded that an integrated approach, including a combination of ultrasound and MSCT, is appropriate for effective monitoring of the course of chronic liver diseases
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ МАГНИТНО РЕЗОНАНСНОЙ ТОМОГРАФИИ В ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКЕ МЯГКОТКАННЫХ ОПУХОЛЕЙ
Get PDFЗлокачественные мягкотканые образования встречаются относительно редко, составляют всего 1% от всех злокачественных образований у взрослых и 15% у детей (Fenz et al., 2017), тогда как доброкачественные образования мягких тканей встречаются многократно чаще. Установление злокачественной или доброкачественной природы мягкотканых образования является критически важным для правильного выбора тактики лечения и прогноза. В большинстве случаев мягкотканые опухоли проявляются пальпируемым образованием, но другие клинические признаки скудны и неспецефичны, из-за чего по одним клиническим характеристикам предсказать гистологический класс опухоли удается в одно-четверти поверхностных и в половине случаев глубоких мягкотканых опухолей (Hung et al., 2020)
OG‘IR YURAK YETISHMOVCHILIGI BILAN KECHUVCHI BEMORLARDA REANIMATSION YORDAM SAMARADORLIGI
Get PDFMazkur maqolada og‘ir yurak yetishmovchiligi bilan kechuvchi bemorlarda reanimatsion yordamning klinik samaradorligi ilmiy-analitik yondashuv asosida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot davomida reanimatsion yordamning o‘z vaqtida va kompleks tashkil etilishi, uzluksiz gemodinamik monitoring hamda zamonaviy davolash usullarining klinik natijalarga ta’siri baholandi. Olingan natijalar standartlashtirilgan klinik algoritmlar asosida olib borilgan reanimatsion yordam bemorlarning hayotiy ko‘rsatkichlarini barqarorlashtirish, asoratlar chastotasini kamaytirish va omon qolish ko‘rsatkichlarini oshirishda muhim ahamiyatga ega ekanligini tasdiqlaydi. Maqolada og‘ir yurak yetishmovchiligi bilan kechuvchi bemorlarni reanimatsion davolashni takomillashtirishga qaratilgan ilmiy-amaliy xulosalar va takliflar bayon etilgan