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Compatibilidad de injerto por yemas en cuatro variedades de cítricos utilizando como patrón la mandarina Cleopatra (Citrus reshni), en la zona Babahoyo.
No full textThe Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni) draws attention as an alternative in agriculture as a rootstock because this rootstock is resistant to diseases, pests and has an excellent adaptation to the different grafted varieties. This research was carried out at the Technical University of Babahoyo of Agricultural Resources, in the nursery. The objective that was met was to evaluate the compatibility of the bud grafts in four varieties of citrus. The experimental design that was used is completely random with 4 treatments with 5 repetitions, with the Tukey test at 95% probability. The variables used were percentage of take, number of leaves, diameter of the shoot stem, shoot height, leaf area, number of shoots, shoot vigor at 60, 90, 120 days. These data helped us determine the compatibility between the Cleopatra mandarin rootstock with the varieties used: tangelo orange, lime orange, blood orange, chonera mandarin. The results obtained at 60, 90 and 120 days the percentage of take was 100% in the 4 treatments, the Chonera mandarin variety at 120 days had the highest shoot height with 60.40 cm, the number of shoots with 4.87 and number of leaves with 62.8 this mandarin variety stands out in these variables. The largest diameter of the shoot stem at 120 days was from the T1 tangelo orange treatment with 5.08 mm, in terms of shoot vigor according to the rating and interpretation scale at 120 days the 4 citrus treatments had a percentage of 4 which is the highest number on the scale. It was concluded that the 4 citrus varieties grafted onto the Cleopatra mandarin rootstock had an excellent percentage of take and vigor. The T4 Chonera mandarin stood out in shoot height, number of shoots and number of leaves on the shoot at 120 days with 60.40 cm shoot height, 4.87 number of shoots and 62.8 leaves, demonstrating its notable compatibility with the Cleopatra mandarin pattern. In shoot stem diameter at 120 days, the T1 tangelo orange treatment proved to be the variety that stood out the most. The treatment with the largest leaf area was the T2 lime orange treatment with 50 cm2, this variety stood out as the treatment with the best leaf areaThe Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni) draws attention as an alternative in agriculture as a rootstock because this rootstock is resistant to diseases, pests and has an excellent adaptation to the different grafted varieties. This research was carried out at the Technical University of Babahoyo of Agricultural Resources, in the nursery. The objective that was met was to evaluate the compatibility of the bud grafts in four varieties of citrus. The experimental design that was used is completely random with 4 treatments with 5 repetitions, with the Tukey test at 95% probability. The variables used were percentage of take, number of leaves, diameter of the shoot stem, shoot height, leaf area, number of shoots, shoot vigor at 60, 90, 120 days. These data helped us determine the compatibility between the Cleopatra mandarin rootstock with the varieties used: tangelo orange, lime orange, blood orange, chonera mandarin. The results obtained at 60, 90 and 120 days the percentage of take was 100% in the 4 treatments, the Chonera mandarin variety at 120 days had the highest shoot height with 60.40 cm, the number of shoots with 4.87 and number of leaves with 62.8 this mandarin variety stands out in these variables. The largest diameter of the shoot stem at 120 days was from the T1 tangelo orange treatment with 5.08 mm, in terms of shoot vigor according to the rating and interpretation scale at 120 days the 4 citrus treatments had a percentage of 4 which is the highest number on the scale. It was concluded that the 4 citrus varieties grafted onto the Cleopatra mandarin rootstock had an excellent percentage of take and vigor. The T4 Chonera mandarin stood out in shoot height, number of shoots and number of leaves on the shoot at 120 days with 60.40 cm shoot height, 4.87 number of shoots and 62.8 leaves, demonstrating its notable compatibility with the Cleopatra mandarin pattern. In shoot stem diameter at 120 days, the T1 tangelo orange treatment proved to be the variety that stood out the most. The treatment with the largest leaf area was the T2 lime orange treatment with 50 cm2, this variety stood out as the treatment with the best leaf areaLa mandarina Cleopatra (Citrus reshni) llama la atención como una alternativa en la agricultura como portainjerto debido a que este patrón es resistente a las enfermedades, plagas y tiene una excelente adaptación a las diferentes variedades injertadas. Esta investigación se realizó en la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo de Recursos Agropecuarios, en el vivero. El objetivo que se cumplió fue evaluar la compatibilidad de los injertos por yemas en cuatro variedades de cítricos. El diseño experimental que se utilizó es el completamente al azar con 4 tratamientos con 5 repeticiones, con la prueba de Tukey al 95 % de probabilidad. Las variables utilizadas fueron porcentaje de prendimiento, número de hojas, diámetro del tallo del brote, altura del brote, área foliar, número de brotes, vigor del brote a los 60, 90, 120 días estos datos nos ayudaron a determinar la compatibilidad entren el patrón de mandarina Cleopatra con las variedades utilizadas: naranja tangelo, naranja lima, naranja roja, mandarina chonera. Los resultados obtenidos a los 60, 90 y 120 días el porcentaje de prendimiento fue del 100% en los 4 tratamientos, la variedad de mandarina chonera a los 120 días tuvo la mayor altura del brote con 60.40 cm, el número de brotes con 4.87 y número de hojas con 62.8 esta variedad de mandarina destaca en estas variables. El mayor diámetro del tallo del brote 120 días fue del tratamiento T1 naranja tangelo con 5.08 mm, en cuanto a vigor del brote de acuerdo a la escala de calificación e interpretación a 120 días los 4 tratamientos de cítricos tuvieron un porcentaje de 4 que es el número mayor de la escala. Se concluyó que las 4 variedades de cítricos injertadas en el patrón de mandarina Cleopatra tuvieron un excelente porcentaje de prendimiento y vigor. Sobresalió el T4 mandarina chonera en altura del brote, el número de brotes y número de hojas del brote 120 días con 60.40 cm de altura de brote, 4.87 de número de brotes y 62.8 de hojas se demostró su notoria compatibilidad con el patrón mandarina cleopatra. En diámetro del tallo del brote a los 120 días el tratamiento T1 naranja tangelo demostrando ser la variedad que más destaco. El tratamiento con mayor área foliar fue el tratamiento T2 naranja lima con 50 cm2 esta variedad destaco en ser el tratamiento con mejor área folia
Gestión comercial de la empresa de Transporte de Carga Transpiedrahita S.A. de la ciudad de Guayaquil, periodo 2024.
No full textThis analysis of the transport company Transpiedrahita S. A. arises from the need to optimize its commercial and operational management, considering that, despite having more than two decades of experience, it faces challenges that impact its competitiveness. Some of the most relevant problems that have been identified include the lack of effective commercial strategies, the presence of obsolete transportation units and the absence of modern technology, which has resulted in a drop in the quality of service and a decrease in customers and reduced income. Through a study that includes interviews and inquiries, the aim is to identify the reasons that have weakened the company and suggest solutions that focus on the modernization of its human resources, technology and finances. This study is focused on the research line "Financial, administrative, tax management, audit and control", together with the research subline "Marketing and commercialization", considering that its commercial activity will allow with the respective analysis to be able to assess and improve the transportation service as well as attention to strengthening commercial management and its positioning in the market. Likewise, it is connected with the linking project "Comprehensive development of skills for the management of administrative, financial and service processes in public and private environments", which allows applying knowledge aimed at improving the commercial and operational processes of the organization.This analysis of the transport company Transpiedrahita S. A. arises from the need to optimize its commercial and operational management, considering that, despite having more than two decades of experience, it faces challenges that impact its competitiveness. Some of the most relevant problems that have been identified include the lack of effective commercial strategies, the presence of obsolete transportation units and the absence of modern technology, which has resulted in a drop in the quality of service and a decrease in customers and reduced income. Through a study that includes interviews and inquiries, the aim is to identify the reasons that have weakened the company and suggest solutions that focus on the modernization of its human resources, technology and finances. This study is focused on the research line "Financial, administrative, tax management, audit and control", together with the research subline "Marketing and commercialization", considering that its commercial activity will allow with the respective analysis to be able to assess and improve the transportation service as well as attention to strengthening commercial management and its positioning in the market. Likewise, it is connected with the linking project "Comprehensive development of skills for the management of administrative, financial and service processes in public and private environments", which allows applying knowledge aimed at improving the commercial and operational processes of the organization.El presente análisis sobre la empresa de transporte Transpiedrahita S. A. nace de la necesidad de optimizar su gestión tanto comercial como operativa, considerando que, a pesar de tener más de dos décadas de experiencia, se enfrenta a retos que impactan su competitividad. Algunos de los problemas más relevantes que se han identificado incluyen la falta de estrategias comerciales efectivas, Presencia de unidades de transportación obsoletas y la ausencia de tecnología moderna, lo que ha resultado en una baja en la calidad del servicio y la disminución de clientes y la reducción de ingresos. Mediante un estudio que incluye entrevistas e indagaciones, se pretende identificar los motivos que han debilitado la compañía y sugerir soluciones que se enfoquen en la modernización de sus recursos humanos, tecnología y finanzas. Este estudio se encuentra enfocado en la línea de investigación "Gestión financiera, administrativa, tributaria, auditoría y control", en conjunto con la sublinea investigativa "Marketing y comercialización", al considerar que por su actividad comercial permitirá con el análisis respectivo poder valorar y mejorar el servicio de transportación como también la atención en el fortalecimiento de la gestión comercial y su posicionamiento en el mercado. Igualmente, se conecta con el proyecto de vinculación "Desarrollo Integral de habilidades para la gestión de procesos administrativos, financieros y de servicios en entornos públicos y privados", lo que permite aplicar conocimientos dirigidos a la mejora de los procesos comerciales y operativos de la organización
Calidad molinera de la línea promisoria de arroz L-17 (Oryza sp.) en la zona Guare, provincia de Los Ríos
No full textRice is one of the most widely consumed foods in the world and constitutes the basic diet of approximately half of the world's population. In addition, it is a pillar of food security in many regions and a vital source of income for millions of farmers. However, the production of these grains is sometimes affected by environmental or agronomic management factors, which in turn affect the properties and quality of the grain, which affect the milling quality. The general objective of this research is to determine the milling quality of the promising rice line L-17 in the Guare area, Los Ríos province. It was carried out using a non-parametric design using Kruskal Wallis analysis, including comparisons of means. For this, various parameters were analyzed such as husk weight (g), moisture percentage (%), whole grain weight (g), white mass weight (g), dust weight (g), broken grain weight (g), whole grain weight (g), whiteness percentage (%), amylose and protein percentage (%) and white center which helps us determine the quality of rice grain. Regarding the results in the husk weight variable, it was shown that the L-17 cultivars were inferior to SFL-11, with a result of 249.10 g, and a value of 286.46 g. Regarding the whole weight variable, the result shows that L-17 was inferior, giving a result of 249.10 g and SFL-11 a value of 286.46 g. On the other hand, the variable L-17 powder obtained a higher weight of 96.63 g, unlike SFL-11, it has a weight of 88.25 g. As for the variable whole grain, being superior, L-17 has a weight of 597.32 g while SFL-11 has a weight of 570.09 g. In addition, the variable whiteness L-17 obtained 44.37 % being superior to SFL-11 which obtained 34.91 %. Meanwhile, in amylose L-17 had 31.23 %, unlike SFL-11 which obtained an average of 26.27 %. On the other hand, protein L-17 resulted superior of 9.14%, while SFL-11 obtained an average not so different of 8.33 % observing that there is no significant difference. It is concluded that the cultivars have similar milling characteristics.Rice is one of the most widely consumed foods in the world and constitutes the basic diet of approximately half of the world's population. In addition, it is a pillar of food security in many regions and a vital source of income for millions of farmers. However, the production of these grains is sometimes affected by environmental or agronomic management factors, which in turn affect the properties and quality of the grain, which affect the milling quality. The general objective of this research is to determine the milling quality of the promising rice line L-17 in the Guare area, Los Ríos province. It was carried out using a non-parametric design using Kruskal Wallis analysis, including comparisons of means. For this, various parameters were analyzed such as husk weight (g), moisture percentage (%), whole grain weight (g), white mass weight (g), dust weight (g), broken grain weight (g), whole grain weight (g), whiteness percentage (%), amylose and protein percentage (%) and white center which helps us determine the quality of rice grain. Regarding the results in the husk weight variable, it was shown that the L-17 cultivars were inferior to SFL-11, with a result of 249.10 g, and a value of 286.46 g. Regarding the whole weight variable, the result shows that L-17 was inferior, giving a result of 249.10 g and SFL-11 a value of 286.46 g. On the other hand, the variable L-17 powder obtained a higher weight of 96.63 g, unlike SFL-11, it has a weight of 88.25 g. As for the variable whole grain, being superior, L-17 has a weight of 597.32 g while SFL-11 has a weight of 570.09 g. In addition, the variable whiteness L-17 obtained 44.37 % being superior to SFL-11 which obtained 34.91 %. Meanwhile, in amylose L-17 had 31.23 %, unlike SFL-11 which obtained an average of 26.27 %. On the other hand, protein L-17 resulted superior of 9.14%, while SFL-11 obtained an average not so different of 8.33 % observing that there is no significant difference. It is concluded that the cultivars have similar milling characteristics.El arroz es uno de los alimentos más consumidos en el mundo y constituye la dieta básica de aproximadamente la mitad de la población mundial. Además, es un pilar de la seguridad alimentaria en muchas regiones y una fuente vital de ingresos para millones de agricultores, sin embargo, la producción de estos granos en ocasiones se ve afectada por factores ambientales o de manejo agronómico, que a su vez afectan las propiedades y la calidad del grano las cuales afectan la calidad molinera. Como objetivo general de esta investigación es determinar la calidad molinera de la línea promisoria de arroz L-17 en la zona Guare, provincia de Los Ríos. Se realizó mediante un diseño no paramétrico con el uso de análisis de Kruskal Wallis incluyendo las comparaciones de medias. Para ello, se analizaron diversos parámetros que son el peso(g) de cascarilla, porcentaje (%) de humedad, peso (g) grano integral, peso (g) de masa blanca, peso (g) de polvillo, peso (g) de grano quebrado, peso (g) de grano entero, porcentaje (%) de blancura, porcentaje (%) de amilosa y proteína, y centro blanco la cual nos ayuda a determinar la calidad de grano de arroz. En cuanto los resultados en el variable peso cáscara se manifiesto que los cultivares L-17 fue inferior SFL-11, con un resultado de 249,10 g, y un valor de 286,46 g. en cuanto a la variable peso integral el resultado manifiesta que L-17 fue inferior dio un resultado de 249,10 g a y SFL-11 un valor de 286,46 g. Por otro lado, la variable polvillo L-17 obtuvo un peso superior de 96,63 g, a diferencia SFL-11 posee un peso de 88,25 g. En cuanto la variable grano entero siendo superior la L-17 posee un peso de 597,32 g mientras que la SFL-11 tiene un peso de 570,09 g. además la variable blancura L-17 obtuvo 44,37 % siendo superior a SFL-11 que obtuvo 34,91 %. Mientras tanto en amilosa L-17 tuvo 31.23 %, a diferencia SFL-11 que obtuvo un promedio de 26.27 %. Por otro lado, proteína la L-17 resulto superior de 9,14%, mientras tanto SFL-11 obtuvo un promedio no tan diferente de 8,33 % observando que no hay diferencia significativa. Se concluye que los cultivares tienen características molineras similares
Comportamiento agronómico y productivo de la línea promisoria de arroz (Oryza sp.) L-38 en la zona de Puebloviejo, Provincia Los Ríos
No full textOryza sativa L., commonly known as rice, represents one of the most important crops globally and is the most consumed cereal in the world. The research aimed to determine the agronomic and productive behavior of the promising rice line L-38 in the Pueblo Viejo area, Los Ríos province. The research was carried out in the Puebloviejo area. The total population for both the promising lines L-38 and SFL-11 are 348 seedlings. Both the promising line L-38 and the commercial variety SFL-11 have 58 seedlings in each 2x2 (4 m2) repetition. A completely randomized design was used. For the analysis, three repetitions (three samples with areas of 4 m² taken from one hectare of crop) and two cultivars (L-38 and SFL-11) will be considered. The results determined that the highest plant density per hectare was achieved with cultivar L-38, which presented a total of 155,000 plants per hectare. The SFL-11 variety presented the greatest planting spacing between plants and between rows, while the cultivar analyzed showed the lowest average L-38. The greatest plant height was obtained with the SFL-11 variety (99.42 cm). The highest number of tillers and panicles per plant was demonstrated by the L-38 line with 24.28 tillers and 22.37 panicles. The greatest length and number of panicle grains were registered by cultivar L-38 with 23.71 cm and 108.01 grains per panicle; the SFL-11 variety obtained 1000 grains of 36.30 g, and the promising L-38 line obtained higher production and cost benefits. The conclusions determined that the promising rice line L-38 performed well in the field in the Pueblo Viejo area of Los Ríos province; the commercial variety SFL-11 showed better results in terms of plant and row spacing, plant height, number of tillers, panicles per plant, panicle length, grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain length with and without hull, and grain width with and without hull. The promising line cultivar L-37 yielded more grain per hectare, at 7,167.67 kilos per hectare.Oryza sativa L., commonly known as rice, represents one of the most important crops globally and is the most consumed cereal in the world. The research aimed to determine the agronomic and productive behavior of the promising rice line L-38 in the Pueblo Viejo area, Los Ríos province. The research was carried out in the Puebloviejo area. The total population for both the promising lines L-38 and SFL-11 are 348 seedlings. Both the promising line L-38 and the commercial variety SFL-11 have 58 seedlings in each 2x2 (4 m2) repetition. A completely randomized design was used. For the analysis, three repetitions (three samples with areas of 4 m² taken from one hectare of crop) and two cultivars (L-38 and SFL-11) will be considered. The results determined that the highest plant density per hectare was achieved with cultivar L-38, which presented a total of 155,000 plants per hectare. The SFL-11 variety presented the greatest planting spacing between plants and between rows, while the cultivar analyzed showed the lowest average L-38. The greatest plant height was obtained with the SFL-11 variety (99.42 cm). The highest number of tillers and panicles per plant was demonstrated by the L-38 line with 24.28 tillers and 22.37 panicles. The greatest length and number of panicle grains were registered by cultivar L-38 with 23.71 cm and 108.01 grains per panicle; the SFL-11 variety obtained 1000 grains of 36.30 g, and the promising L-38 line obtained higher production and cost benefits. The conclusions determined that the promising rice line L-38 performed well in the field in the Pueblo Viejo area of Los Ríos province; the commercial variety SFL-11 showed better results in terms of plant and row spacing, plant height, number of tillers, panicles per plant, panicle length, grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain length with and without hull, and grain width with and without hull. The promising line cultivar L-37 yielded more grain per hectare, at 7,167.67 kilos per hectare.Oryza sativa L., comúnmente conocido como arroz, representa uno de los cultivos de mayor relevancia a nivel global y constituye el cereal más consumido en el mundo. La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el comportamiento agronómico y productivo de la línea promisoria de arroz L-38 en la zona de Pueblo Viejo, provincia de Los Ríos. La investigación se desarrolló en la zona de Puebloviejo. La población total tanto para la Línea promisora L-38 y SFL-11 en 348 plántulas. Tanto como la línea promisoria L-38 y la Variedad comercial SFL-11 en cada repetición de 2x2 (4m2), tienen 58 plántulas. Se realizó un diseño completamente al azar. Para el análisis se considerarán tres repeticiones (tres muestreos con áreas de 4 m² tomadas en una hectárea de cultivo) y dos cultivares (L-38 y SFL-11). Los resultados determinaron que la densidad más alta de plantas por hectárea fue alcanzada con el cultivar L-38, que presentó un total de 155,000 plantas por hectárea. La variedad SFL-11 presentó el mayor distanciamiento de siembra entre las plantas y entre hileras, mientras que el cultivar analizado mostró el promedio más bajo L-38. La mayor altura de plantas se obtuvo con la variedad SFL-11 (99,42 cm). El mayor número de macollos y panículas por planta se demostró con la linea L-38 con 24,28 macollos y 22,37 panículas. La mayor longitud y número de granos de panículas lo registró el cultivar L-38 con 23,71 cm y 108,01 granos por panícula; el peso de 1000 granos con 36,30 g lo obtuvo la variedad SFL-11 y la linea promisoria L-38 obtuvo mayor producción y costo beneficio. Las conclusiones determinaron que la ͏línea promisoria de arro͏z L-͏38 tuvo buen comportamiento en el͏ campo en la zo͏na de Pue͏blo Vie͏jo, provincia Los Ríos; la variedad comercial SFL-11 mostró͏ ͏mej͏ores resulta͏dos en los meses de dista͏ncia entre plantas y͏ hileras, altura de planta, números de ma͏collos, panículas por planta, largo de paní͏cul͏as, granos por panículas, peso de 1000͏ granos, largo de grano͏ con y ͏sin cas͏c͏ara, ancho de grano c͏on y sin cáscara y el cultivar de la línea promisoria L-37 tuvo más grano por hectárea con 7167,67 kilos por hectáre
Relación de cirugía de pterigión y el estado refractivo en pacientes que acuden al Centro Oftalmológico Santa Lucía de la provincia de Santo Domingo. Octubre 2024- abril 2025
No full textEl objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la relación entre la cirugía de pterigión y el estado refractivo en pacientes atendidos en el Centro Oftalmológico Santa Lucía de la provincia de Santo Domingo, entre octubre del 2024 y abril del 2025. Se trata de un estudio de tipo descriptivo en el cual se empleó un método de observación, la población estuvo constituida por 230 personas que acudieron al centro oftalmológico con criterio quirúrgico de pterigión y la muestra fue de 87 pacientes que accedieron a realizarse la cirugía, se emplearon instrumentos de evaluación refractiva, como la caja de prueba, la montura de prueba, el optotipo y el autorrefractómetro, que permitieron obtener mediciones precisas antes y después de la intervención, los resultados demuestran la amplia relación entre las dos variables cuantificando la relación de las mismas, por lo tanto se concluye que nuestra investigación logro obtener datos importantes las cuales fueron recolectadas antes y después de la intervención quirúrgica para así poder comparar la variación de la agudeza visual y el estado refractivo de los participantes. Mediante un análisis comparativo, se estableció el impacto de la cirugía de pterigión por autoinjerto en la condición refractiva del paciente antes y después de la cirugía, además de la recuperación de la agudeza visual. Los resultados podrían aportar evidencia para optimizar el manejo de los pacientes con pterigión y promover su calidad de vida. Se prevén mejoras
Elaboración de una infusión de Hibiscus sabdariffa enriquecida con Aloe vera y Eucalyptus, con la aplicación de un edulcorante no calórico.
No full textThis research was based on the preparation of a Hibiscus sabdariffa infusion enriched with Aloe vera and Eucalyptus using Stevia Rabudiana as a non-caloric sweetener. A randomized block design (RBD) was performed with 9 treatments and three replicates, evaluating the physicochemical (pH, acidity, Brix), microbiological and sensory properties. The sensory panel consisted of 30 untrained tasters, based on a hedonic survey. The data obtained indicated that the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for acidity did find significant differences between treatments (p = 0.0198), falling within the range allowed by the INEN 2 304 standard, while dose D6 did not comply with said regulations. For pH, the ANOVA showed equally significant differences (p = 0.0774), complying with the established limits. Regarding soluble solids (°Brix), ANOVA was not performed because there was no variability between treatments, complying with the minimum °Brix. Microbiological analyses showed that the infusion did not comply with the permitted limits for yeasts, with an excess of 10 x 10¹ CFU/mL, while for molds it remained within the limit. The treatment with the highest acceptability was the infusion of Hibiscus sabdariffa (300 mL) + Aloe vera (151 mL) + Eucalyptus (45 mL) + Stevia (4 g), with an acceptance rate of 53%. In conclusion, the selected formulation is viable for the production of a natural infusion, with an adequate balance of flavor, color and aroma without adding sugar. It is recommended to carry out product shelf life studies.This research was based on the preparation of a Hibiscus sabdariffa infusion enriched with Aloe vera and Eucalyptus using Stevia Rabudiana as a non-caloric sweetener. A randomized block design (RBD) was performed with 9 treatments and three replicates, evaluating the physicochemical (pH, acidity, Brix), microbiological and sensory properties. The sensory panel consisted of 30 untrained tasters, based on a hedonic survey. The data obtained indicated that the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for acidity did find significant differences between treatments (p = 0.0198), falling within the range allowed by the INEN 2 304 standard, while dose D6 did not comply with said regulations. For pH, the ANOVA showed equally significant differences (p = 0.0774), complying with the established limits. Regarding soluble solids (°Brix), ANOVA was not performed because there was no variability between treatments, complying with the minimum °Brix. Microbiological analyses showed that the infusion did not comply with the permitted limits for yeasts, with an excess of 10 x 10¹ CFU/mL, while for molds it remained within the limit. The treatment with the highest acceptability was the infusion of Hibiscus sabdariffa (300 mL) + Aloe vera (151 mL) + Eucalyptus (45 mL) + Stevia (4 g), with an acceptance rate of 53%. In conclusion, the selected formulation is viable for the production of a natural infusion, with an adequate balance of flavor, color and aroma without adding sugar. It is recommended to carry out product shelf life studies.Esta investigación se basó en la elaboración de una infusión de Hibiscus sabdariffa enriquecida con Aloe vera y Eucalyptus usando Stevia Rabudiana como edulcorante no calórico. Se realizó un diseño de bloques al azar (DBA) con 9 tratamientos con tres repeticiones, se evaluaron las propiedades físico-químicas (pH, acidez, Brix), microbiológicas y sensoriales. El panel sensorial estuvo conformado por 30 catadores no entrenados a partir de una encuesta hedónica. Los datos obtenidos indicaron que el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) para la acidez si se encontró diferencias significativas entre tratamientos (p = 0,0198), encontrándose dentro del rango permitido por la norma INEN 2 304, mientras la dosis D6 no cumple con dicha normativa. Para el pH ANOVA mostró diferencias igualmente significativas (p = 0,0774) cumpliendo con los límites establecidos. En relación a los sólidos solubles (°Brix) no se realizó ANOVA puesto que no existió variabilidad entre los tratamientos cumpliendo el mínimo de °Brix. Los análisis microbiológicos mostraron que la infusión no cumplió con los límites permitidos para levaduras, reportando 10x101 UFC/mL superando el límite permitido, mientras que para mohos se mantuvo dentro del límite. El tratamiento que obtuvo mayor aceptabilidad fue la infusión de Hibiscus sabdariffa (300 mL) + Aloe Vera (151 mL) + Eucalyptus (45 mL) + Stevia (4 g) con una aceptación del 53 %. En conclusión, la formulación seleccionada es viable para la producción de una infusión natural, con un balance correcto del sabor, color y aroma sin agregar azúcar. Se recomienda realizar estudios de vida útil del producto
Estrategias comunicacionales de abreco en la ciudad de Babahoyo para el posicionamiento de la organización
Get PDFThis research project aims to analyze the impact of ABRECO's communication strategies on brand positioning in local businesses in the city of Babahoyo. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques such as surveys, interviews, and direct observation. The objective was to understand how the adoption of communication tools can enhance the positioning of brands linked to a single organization, allowing it to grow as a leading local association. The findings indicate that ABRECO struggles to strengthen its positioning due to the lack of a structured communication plan and a limited presence in digital media. Therefore, implementing digital strategies alongside active community engagement is essential to improving its visibility and establishing ABRECO as a key representative organization within the local business landscape.This research project aims to analyze the impact of ABRECO's communication strategies on brand positioning in local businesses in the city of Babahoyo. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques such as surveys, interviews, and direct observation. The objective was to understand how the adoption of communication tools can enhance the positioning of brands linked to a single organization, allowing it to grow as a leading local association. The findings indicate that ABRECO struggles to strengthen its positioning due to the lack of a structured communication plan and a limited presence in digital media. Therefore, implementing digital strategies alongside active community engagement is essential to improving its visibility and establishing ABRECO as a key representative organization within the local business landscape.El presente proyecto de titulación tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de las estrategias comunicacionales de ABRECO en la ciudad de Babahoyo para el posicionamiento de marcas en los negocios. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación se realizó a través de un enfoque mixto que adopta métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos con la implementación de recursos como encuestas, entrevistas y una observación directa con el fin de entender como la idea de incrementar y aplicar herramientas comunicacionales puede mejorar el posicionamiento de marcas entrelazadas a una sola organización para crecer como una asociación líder local. Los resultados evidenciaron que la asociación enfrenta dificultades para poder consolidar su posicionamiento debido a la ausencia de un plan comunicacional y una limitada existencia en los medios digitales. Por lo tanto, la ejecución de estrategias digitales acompañadas con la interacción comunitaria es fundamental para lograr mejorar el posicionamiento y lograr ser una organización representativa para la localidad
Prototipo robótico “FISIOTY” y su relación en la estimulación sensorial en niños con discapacidad que acuden a la Unidad Educativa Especializada “Ayúdanos a Empezar” Babahoyo periodo octubre 2024 – abril 2025.
Get PDFSensory stimulation plays a fundamental role in the treatment of children with disabilities, as it directly influences their motor, cognitive and emotional development, facilitating sensory integration and neuroplasticity. In the field of pediatric physiotherapy, this stimulation is used to enhance mobility, motor coordination, postural control and general functionality of the child. The thesis project presented aims at the design and validation of a robotic prototype called “FISIOTY”, aimed at the sensory and motor stimulation of children with disabilities in the Specialized Educational Unit “Ayúdanos a Empezar” in Babahoyo. This interactive device is integrated into pediatric physiotherapy sessions, combining physical rehabilitation activities with sensory stimuli that allow the child to process and integrate information through their sensory channels. The prototype seeks to improve functional mobility and encourage the active participation of children in the therapeutic process, supporting motor rehabilitation, muscle strengthening, as well as improving coordination and balance. The evaluation of the prototype's effectiveness was carried out using direct observation techniques, a sensory evaluation scale, and interviews with parents and teachers. This project proposes a personalized and inclusive intervention, where robotic technology becomes a complementary tool in physiotherapy treatment.Sensory stimulation plays a fundamental role in the treatment of children with disabilities, as it directly influences their motor, cognitive and emotional development, facilitating sensory integration and neuroplasticity. In the field of pediatric physiotherapy, this stimulation is used to enhance mobility, motor coordination, postural control and general functionality of the child. The thesis project presented aims at the design and validation of a robotic prototype called “FISIOTY”, aimed at the sensory and motor stimulation of children with disabilities in the Specialized Educational Unit “Ayúdanos a Empezar” in Babahoyo. This interactive device is integrated into pediatric physiotherapy sessions, combining physical rehabilitation activities with sensory stimuli that allow the child to process and integrate information through their sensory channels. The prototype seeks to improve functional mobility and encourage the active participation of children in the therapeutic process, supporting motor rehabilitation, muscle strengthening, as well as improving coordination and balance. The evaluation of the prototype's effectiveness was carried out using direct observation techniques, a sensory evaluation scale, and interviews with parents and teachers. This project proposes a personalized and inclusive intervention, where robotic technology becomes a complementary tool in physiotherapy treatment.La estimulación sensorial desempeña un papel fundamental en el tratamiento de niños con discapacidad, ya que influye directamente en su desarrollo motor, cognitivo y emocional, facilitando la integración sensorial y la neuroplasticidad. En el campo de la fisioterapia pediátrica, esta estimulación se utiliza para potenciar la movilidad, la coordinación motriz, el control postural y la funcionalidad general del niño. El proyecto de tesis que se presenta tiene como objetivo el diseño y validación de un prototipo robótico llamado “FISIOTY", dirigido a la estimulación sensorial y motriz de niños con discapacidad en la Unidad Educativa Especializada “Ayúdanos a Empezar” de Babahoyo. Este dispositivo interactivo se integra en las sesiones de fisioterapia pediátrica, combinando actividades de rehabilitación física con estímulos sensoriales que permiten al niño procesar e integrar información a través de sus canales sensoriales. Él prototipo busca mejorar la movilidad funcional y fomentar la participación activa de los niños en el proceso terapéutico, apoyando la rehabilitación motora, el fortalecimiento muscular, así como la mejora de la coordinación y el equilibrio. La evaluación de la efectividad del prototipo se realizó empleando técnicas de observación directa, escala de evaluación sensorial, entrevistas con padres y docentes. Este proyecto propone una intervención personalizada e inclusiva, donde la tecnología robótica se convierte en una herramienta complementaria en el tratamiento fisioterapéutico
El estado emocional y su incidencia en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Aurora Estrada y Ayala de Ramírez Pérez, del Cantón Babahoyo
Get PDFThis research addresses the emotional state and its impact on the academic performance of students from the Aurora Estrada y Ayala Educational Unit in Ramírez Pérez, since it has been possible to observe the presence of negative emotions in the class process, lack of concentration and interest during classes, aspects that affect the way of learning and school performance. Therefore, the objective of the study is to determine the impact of the emotional state on the academic performance of students. The methodology is based on a mixed approach, non-experimental design, field and documentary research modality, descriptive and explanatory types of inquiry, bibliographic, inductive and descriptive methods, as well as survey, interview and documentary analysis techniques with their respective instruments directed to a sample of 73 people. The results revealed that a group of students have problems related to their emotional state because in the survey they responded negatively to certain aspects such as: self-confidence, impulse control, family support, among others. In terms of school performance, 37 students master the required learning, 31 have only achieved it and 3 are close to achieving it. There is a relationship between the variables due to the results of the statistical analysis. In conclusion, the factors that affect the emotional state of students are based on personal, family, school and environmental aspects; the school performance of students is between excellent and regular.This research addresses the emotional state and its impact on the academic performance of students from the Aurora Estrada y Ayala Educational Unit in Ramírez Pérez, since it has been possible to observe the presence of negative emotions in the class process, lack of concentration and interest during classes, aspects that affect the way of learning and school performance. Therefore, the objective of the study is to determine the impact of the emotional state on the academic performance of students. The methodology is based on a mixed approach, non-experimental design, field and documentary research modality, descriptive and explanatory types of inquiry, bibliographic, inductive and descriptive methods, as well as survey, interview and documentary analysis techniques with their respective instruments directed to a sample of 73 people. The results revealed that a group of students have problems related to their emotional state because in the survey they responded negatively to certain aspects such as: self-confidence, impulse control, family support, among others. In terms of school performance, 37 students master the required learning, 31 have only achieved it and 3 are close to achieving it. There is a relationship between the variables due to the results of the statistical analysis. In conclusion, the factors that affect the emotional state of students are based on personal, family, school and environmental aspects; the school performance of students is between excellent and regular.La presente investigación trata del estado emocional y su incidencia en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Aurora Estrada y Ayala de Ramírez Pérez, en virtud que se ha podido observar la presencia de emociones negativas en el proceso áulico, falta de concentración e interés durante las clases, aspectos que afectan en la manera de aprender y el rendimiento escolar. Por ello, el objetivo del estudio es determinar la incidencia del estado emocional en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes. La metodología se basa en un enfoque mixto, diseño no experimental, modalidad investigación de campo y documental, tipos de indagación descriptiva y explicativa, métodos bibliográfico, inductivo y descriptivo, así como las técnicas de encuesta, entrevista y análisis documental con sus respetivos instrumentos dirigidos a una muestra de 73 personas. Los resultados revelaron que, un grupo de estudiantes tienen problemas relacionados a su estado emocional debido a que en la encuesta respondieron de manera negativa a ciertos aspectos como: seguridad de sí mismos, control de impulsividad, apoyo familiar, entre otros. En el desempeño escolar 37 alumnos dominan los aprendizajes requeridos, 31 solo los han alcanzado y 3 están próximos a alcanzarlos. Existe relación entre las variables debido a los resultados del análisis estadístico. En conclusión, los factores que inciden en el estado emocional de los estudiantes se basan en aspectos personales, familiares, escolares y ambientales; el desempeño escolar de los educandos está entre excelente y regular
"Caracterización físico-química y sensorial del aceite extraído de las semillas de jaca (Artocarpus heterophyllus), mediante métodos de prensado en frio y caliente”
Get PDFThis research aimed to characterize the physicochemical and sensory properties of oil extracted from jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds using cold and hot pressing methods. Jackfruit, a tropical fruit that remains underutilized in many countries, has seeds with high oil content and potential as a vegetable oil source. The study evaluated how different extraction temperatures affect the oil’s yield, density, acidity index, color, and odor. Cold pressing was carried out at 30, 35, and 40 °C, and hot pressing at 80, 90, and 100 °C, each with three repetitions. The results revealed significant variations between both methods, with temperature increases clearly influencing the analyzed properties. The extracted oil showed characteristics that position it as a potential product of interest for the food and cosmetic industries, particularly due to its pleasant color and aroma, as well as its acceptable yield under optimal conditions. This study contributes to the integral use of jackfruit by promoting its added value and exploring its industrial applications. It also emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate extraction conditions to preserve the quality of the obtained oil.This research aimed to characterize the physicochemical and sensory properties of oil extracted from jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds using cold and hot pressing methods. Jackfruit, a tropical fruit that remains underutilized in many countries, has seeds with high oil content and potential as a vegetable oil source. The study evaluated how different extraction temperatures affect the oil’s yield, density, acidity index, color, and odor. Cold pressing was carried out at 30, 35, and 40 °C, and hot pressing at 80, 90, and 100 °C, each with three repetitions. The results revealed significant variations between both methods, with temperature increases clearly influencing the analyzed properties. The extracted oil showed characteristics that position it as a potential product of interest for the food and cosmetic industries, particularly due to its pleasant color and aroma, as well as its acceptable yield under optimal conditions. This study contributes to the integral use of jackfruit by promoting its added value and exploring its industrial applications. It also emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate extraction conditions to preserve the quality of the obtained oil.La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las propiedades físico-químicas y sensoriales del aceite extraído de las semillas de jaca (Artocarpus heterophyllus), empleando los métodos de prensado en frío y prensado en caliente. La jaca, una fruta tropical subutilizada en muchos países, presenta un alto contenido de semillas con potencial para la obtención de aceite vegetal. El estudio se centró en evaluar cómo influyen diferentes temperaturas de extracción sobre el rendimiento, la densidad, el índice de acidez, el color y el olor del aceite. Para ello, se aplicaron temperaturas de 30, 35 y 40 °C en el prensado en frío, y 80, 90 y 100 °C en el prensado en caliente, con tres repeticiones por cada condición. Los resultados permitieron identificar variaciones importantes entre ambos métodos, siendo evidentes los efectos del aumento de temperatura sobre las propiedades analizadas. El aceite extraído mostró características que lo posicionan como un producto de interés potencial en la industria alimentaria y cosmética, especialmente por su color y aroma agradables, así como por su rendimiento aceptable en condiciones óptimas. Este estudio contribuye al aprovechamiento integral de la jaca, promoviendo su valor agregado y su incorporación en nuevas aplicaciones industriales. Asimismo, resalta la importancia de seleccionar adecuadamente las condiciones de extracción para preservar la calidad del aceite obtenido