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Ametropías y su relación con fatiga visual en los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Municipal Segundo Ulpiano Figueroa, Cantón Caluma-Bolívar octubre 2024-abril 2025.
Get PDFAmetropias are a common problem in the population. This is caused by anatomical states that cause the light rays to not focus correctly on the retina, these are myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. Visual fatigue is a state that arises mainly due to exhaustion of the ciliary muscle, caused by excessive effort of the visual system, and in most circumstances it is reversible, although sometimes optical correction is needed. Objective: To determine the ametropias and their relationship with visual fatigue of the students of the Segundo Ulpiano Figueroa Municipal Educational Unit, Caluma-Bolívar Canton October 2024-April 2025. Methodology: A field research with a descriptive approach was carried out that allows us to obtain quantifiable, prospective and cross-sectional data, the clinical histories were essential for the collection of data, as well as through visual examinations it was possible to identify ametropias. Our population was 80 students, and the research sample was 45 students, resulting in the existence of various types of ametropias among the students of the Segundo Ulpiano Figueroa Municipal Educational Unit, with myopia being the most frequent ametropia and students who suffered from these ametropias presented symptoms of eye fatigue. Concluding that ametropias cause visual fatigue, it is necessary to implement preventive strategies, as well as early detection of ametropias, in order to then apply proper optical correction and reduce the symptoms of visual fatigue.Ametropias are a common problem in the population. This is caused by anatomical states that cause the light rays to not focus correctly on the retina, these are myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. Visual fatigue is a state that arises mainly due to exhaustion of the ciliary muscle, caused by excessive effort of the visual system, and in most circumstances it is reversible, although sometimes optical correction is needed. Objective: To determine the ametropias and their relationship with visual fatigue of the students of the Segundo Ulpiano Figueroa Municipal Educational Unit, Caluma-Bolívar Canton October 2024-April 2025. Methodology: A field research with a descriptive approach was carried out that allows us to obtain quantifiable, prospective and cross-sectional data, the clinical histories were essential for the collection of data, as well as through visual examinations it was possible to identify ametropias. Our population was 80 students, and the research sample was 45 students, resulting in the existence of various types of ametropias among the students of the Segundo Ulpiano Figueroa Municipal Educational Unit, with myopia being the most frequent ametropia and students who suffered from these ametropias presented symptoms of eye fatigue. Concluding that ametropias cause visual fatigue, it is necessary to implement preventive strategies, as well as early detection of ametropias, in order to then apply proper optical correction and reduce the symptoms of visual fatigue.Las ametropías son un problema frecuente en la población esta se da por los estados anatómicos que hace que los rayos de luz no enfoquen correctamente en la retina, estas son la miopía, la hipermetropía y el astigmatismo. La fatiga visual es un estado que surge principalmente debido al agotamiento del músculo ciliar, causado por un esfuerzo excesivo del sistema visual, y en la mayoría de las circunstancias es reversible, aunque en ocasiones se necesita una corrección óptica. Objetivo: Determinar las ametropías y su relación con fatiga visual de los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Municipal Segundo Ulpiano Figueroa, Cantón Caluma-Bolívar Octubre 2024-Abril 2025. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación de campo con enfoque descriptivo que nos permite obtener datos cuantificables, prospectivos y transversales, las historias clínicas fueron esenciales para la recolección de los datos, así como también mediante los exámenes visuales se logró identificar las ametropías. Nuestra población fue de 80 estudiantes, y la muestra de investigación fue de 45 estudiantes dando como resultado que existe diversos tipos de ametropías entre los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Municipal Segundo Ulpiano Figueroa, siendo la miopía la ametropía más frecuente y los estudiantes que padecían de estas ametropías presentaban síntomas de la fatiga ocular. Concluyendo que las ametropías provocan una fatiga visual, es necesario implementar estrategias preventivas, así como también la detección temprana de las ametropías, para luego aplicar una debida corrección óptica y disminuir la sintomatología de la fatiga visual
Mecanismos de acción de los principales herbicidas preemergentes utilizados en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays) en el Ecuador
Get PDFCorn (Zea mays) is one of the most important crops worldwide, being a fundamental pillar for the economy, due to its usefulness as food for humans and livestock, this crop is a source of a large number of industrial products. However, its production is constantly threatened by competition from weeds, which significantly reduce yields and grain quality, limiting crop productivity. In this sense, knowledge of the intervention of the mechanisms of action of pre-emergent herbicides plays an important role, since their application occurs before the germination of weeds, preventing their development and growth. Therefore, the objective of this study focuses on determining the mechanisms of action of the main pre-emergent herbicides used in corn (Zea mays) cultivation in Ecuador. To carry out this document, a meticulous collection of updated information was carried out, covering scientific articles, websites and virtual libraries. The most common pre-emergence herbicides were found to be those containing active ingredients such as atrazine, acetochlor, metolachlor and pendimethalin. It was concluded that the mechanisms of action of pre-emergence herbicides are based on the inhibition of processes essential for weed survival, such as cell division, photosynthesis and amino acid synthesis.Corn (Zea mays) is one of the most important crops worldwide, being a fundamental pillar for the economy, due to its usefulness as food for humans and livestock, this crop is a source of a large number of industrial products. However, its production is constantly threatened by competition from weeds, which significantly reduce yields and grain quality, limiting crop productivity. In this sense, knowledge of the intervention of the mechanisms of action of pre-emergent herbicides plays an important role, since their application occurs before the germination of weeds, preventing their development and growth. Therefore, the objective of this study focuses on determining the mechanisms of action of the main pre-emergent herbicides used in corn (Zea mays) cultivation in Ecuador. To carry out this document, a meticulous collection of updated information was carried out, covering scientific articles, websites and virtual libraries. The most common pre-emergence herbicides were found to be those containing active ingredients such as atrazine, acetochlor, metolachlor and pendimethalin. It was concluded that the mechanisms of action of pre-emergence herbicides are based on the inhibition of processes essential for weed survival, such as cell division, photosynthesis and amino acid synthesis.El maíz (Zea mays) es uno de los cultivos más importantes a nivel mundial, siendo un pilar fundamental para la económica, debido a su utilidad como alimento para humanos y ganado este cultivo es fuente de un gran número de productos industriales. Sin embargo, su producción se ve constantemente amenazada por la competencia de arvenses, las cuales reducen significativamente los rendimientos y la calidad del grano, limitando la productividad del cultivo. En este sentido, el conocimiento de la intervención de los mecanismos de acción de los herbicidas preemergentes juegan un papel importante, ya que su aplicación surge antes de la germinación de las malezas, evitando su desarrollo y crecimiento. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio se centra Determinar los mecanismos de acción de los principales herbicidas preemergentes utilizados en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays) en el Ecuador. Para llevar a cabo el presente documento, se realizó una meticulosa recopilación de información actualizada, abarcando artículos científicos, sitios web y bibliotecas virtuales. Se obtuvo como resultado que, los herbicidas preemergentes más comunes son los que contienen ingredientes activos a base de atrazina, de acetoclor, de metolaclor y de pendimetalina. Se concluyó que, los mecanismos de acción de los herbicidas preemergentes se fundamentan en la inhibición de procesos esenciales para la supervivencia de las arvenses, tales como la división celular, la fotosíntesis y la síntesis de aminoácidos
Hibridación interespecífica de arroz (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica x Oryza sp.) para la obtención de segregantes F1
Get PDFRice cultivation (Oryza sativa L.) It is one of the fundamental pillars of global food security, being a primary source of much of the population, as global demand increases, putting pressure on farmers to develop rice varieties more resistant to pests and diseases. This interspecific hybridization project of rice (Oryza sativa L.) was carried out with the aim of obtaining F1 segregants. It was held in the CEDEGE area, Babahoyo canton, Los Ríos province. The growth blocks of the parents were carried out at the El Palmar Experimental Farm, and the crosses were carried out on the premises of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Babahoyo. A population of 12 reciprocal crosses was obtained, crossing 1 female parent x 6 male parents; and at the same time 6 female parents x 1 male parent. 1. SFL11 (male parent) x L-07, L-17, L-27, L-37, L-38 and GR (female parents); and, 2. L-07, L-17, L-27, L-37, L-38 and GR (Male Parents) x SFL11 (Female Parent). The variables recorded were the following: Number of emasculated (pollinated) flowers, Number of seeds harvested, Percentage of seeds harvested, Length (mm) and width (mm) of the seeds harvested. In this research, two tests were used, the Tukey Test and the "t-test" for paired samples, which allowed comparing the means of an experimental variable. As for the results, the crosses of genetic progenitors produce a wide genetic diversity, that for every 100 emasculated flowers a total of 30 seeds formed were achieved, which allows the timely selection of F1 segregants. There is genetic compatibility between the improved genotypes and SFL-11 commercial rice due to the fact that F1 seeds were obtained by simple hybridizationRice cultivation (Oryza sativa L.) It is one of the fundamental pillars of global food security, being a primary source of much of the population, as global demand increases, putting pressure on farmers to develop rice varieties more resistant to pests and diseases. This interspecific hybridization project of rice (Oryza sativa L.) was carried out with the aim of obtaining F1 segregants. It was held in the CEDEGE area, Babahoyo canton, Los Ríos province. The growth blocks of the parents were carried out at the El Palmar Experimental Farm, and the crosses were carried out on the premises of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Babahoyo. A population of 12 reciprocal crosses was obtained, crossing 1 female parent x 6 male parents; and at the same time 6 female parents x 1 male parent. 1. SFL11 (male parent) x L-07, L-17, L-27, L-37, L-38 and GR (female parents); and, 2. L-07, L-17, L-27, L-37, L-38 and GR (Male Parents) x SFL11 (Female Parent). The variables recorded were the following: Number of emasculated (pollinated) flowers, Number of seeds harvested, Percentage of seeds harvested, Length (mm) and width (mm) of the seeds harvested. In this research, two tests were used, the Tukey Test and the "t-test" for paired samples, which allowed comparing the means of an experimental variable. As for the results, the crosses of genetic progenitors produce a wide genetic diversity, that for every 100 emasculated flowers a total of 30 seeds formed were achieved, which allows the timely selection of F1 segregants. There is genetic compatibility between the improved genotypes and SFL-11 commercial rice due to the fact that F1 seeds were obtained by simple hybridizationEl cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) es uno de los pilares fundamentales de la seguridad alimentaria mundial, siendo una fuente primaria gran parte de la población, a medida que la demanda global aumentando, la presión sobre los agricultores en desarrollar variedades de arroz más resistentes a plagas y enfermedades. Se llevó a cabo este proyecto de hibridación interespecífica de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) con el objetivo de obtener segregantes F1. Se realizó en la zona CEDEGE, cantón Babahoyo, provincia de Los Ríos. Los bloques de crecimiento de los progenitores se llevaron a cabo en la Granja Experimental El Palmar, y los cruzamientos se realizaron en los predios de la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo. Se obtuvo una población de 12 cruzamientos recíprocos, cruzando 1 progenitor femenino x 6 progenitores masculinos; y a la vez 6 progenitores femeninos x 1 progenitor masculino. 1. SFL11 (Progenitor masculino) x L-07, L-17, L-27, L-37, L-38 y GR (progenitores Femeninos); y, 2. L-07, L-17, L-27, L-37, L-38 y GR (Progenitores masculinos) x SFL11 (Progenitor femenino). Las variables registradas fueron las siguientes: Número de flores emasculadas (polinizadas), Número de semillas cosechadas, Porcentaje de semillas cosechadas, Longitud (mm) y ancho (mm) de las semillas cosechadas. En esta investigación se utilizaron dos pruebas, la de Test: Tukey y La “prueba de t” para muestras pareadas que permitió comparar las medias de una variable experimental. En cuanto a los resultados, los cruces de progenitores genéticos producen una amplia diversidad genética, que por cada 100 flores emasculadas se lograron un total de 30 semillas formadas lo que permite la selección oportuna de segregantes F1. Existe compatibilidad genética entre los genotipos mejorados y el arroz comercial SFL-11 debido a que se obtuvo semillas F1 mediante hibridación simple
La inteligencia artificial en la detección de intrusos en infraestructura de TI.
Get PDFDigitalization has turned IT infrastructures into targets of increasingly sophisticated cyber attacks, highlighting the limitations of traditional intrusion detection methods. In this context, Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a key tool to improve threat identification, reduce false positives and automate incident response. This study analyzes the impact of AI in cybersecurity, comparing algorithms such as Random Forest, Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines (SVM) in intrusion detection. In addition, critical factors for its implementation are identified, such as data quality, costs and staff training. The findings highlight that AI significantly improves threat detection and adaptation to new attacks. However, its adoption faces technical and economic challenges. Finally, strategies are proposed to optimize its integration into business environments, guaranteeing more efficient protection against cyber attacks.Digitalization has turned IT infrastructures into targets of increasingly sophisticated cyber attacks, highlighting the limitations of traditional intrusion detection methods. In this context, Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a key tool to improve threat identification, reduce false positives and automate incident response. This study analyzes the impact of AI in cybersecurity, comparing algorithms such as Random Forest, Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines (SVM) in intrusion detection. In addition, critical factors for its implementation are identified, such as data quality, costs and staff training. The findings highlight that AI significantly improves threat detection and adaptation to new attacks. However, its adoption faces technical and economic challenges. Finally, strategies are proposed to optimize its integration into business environments, guaranteeing more efficient protection against cyber attacks.La digitalización ha convertido a las infraestructuras de TI en blancos de ataques cibernéticos cada vez más sofisticados, evidenciando las limitaciones de los métodos tradicionales de detección de intrusos. En este contexto, la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) emerge como una herramienta clave para mejorar la identificación de amenazas, reducir falsos positivos y automatizar la respuesta ante incidentes. Este estudio analiza el impacto de la IA en ciberseguridad, comparando algoritmos como Random Forest, Redes Neuronales y Support Vector Machines (SVM) en la detección de intrusos. Además, se identifican factores críticos para su implementación, como la calidad de los datos, costos y capacitación del personal. Los hallazgos resaltan que la IA mejora significativamente la detección de amenazas y la adaptación a nuevos ataques. No obstante, su adopción enfrenta desafíos técnicos y económicos. Finalmente, se proponen estrategias para optimizar su integración en entornos empresariales, garantizando una protección más eficiente contra ciberataques
Inteligencia emocional y la resolución de conflictos en los adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa Francisco Huerta Rendon de la ciudad de Babahoyo
No full textThe objective of this research is to describe how emotional intelligence is related to conflict resolution in adolescents of the “Francisco Huerta Rendón” Educational Unit in the city of Babahoyo. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize and express emotions in human beings, which facilitates thinking and regulates emotions. On the other hand, conflict resolution is the negative interpretation of conflictive contexts, which emphasizes the search for solutions, observing and converting the negative into a positive and constructive way. The study has a population of 240 adolescent students between 14 and 16 years old, in which a sample of 86 young people from higher basic education was chosen, using non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The research is descriptive, a mixed approach and a non-experimental cross-sectional research design were used. Data collection was also carried out through two psychometric tests, the Bar-On's Emotional Intelligence Inventory for Adolescents (EQ-i: YV), which aims to assess and measure emotional intelligence, created by Reuven Bar-On (1997). And the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI), the objective of this tool is to evaluate and help to understand conflict management, the instrument was designed by Kenneth W. Thomas and Ralph H. Kilmann in (1974). An interview with teachers was also conducted in order to learn more about the variables within the classroom. The results of the research show that in the inventory (EQ-i: YV), there is a total of 85% of students with low emotional intelligence, while 13% show medium emotional intelligence and finally 2% of adolescents show high emotional intelligence. The TKI instrument reveals that the avoidance component is the highest with 32%, followed by the competitive component with 22%, 20% of adolescents show complacency, followed by the collaborative component with 17%, and finally, the lowest component with 9% is commitment. With respect to the interview applied it is evident that teachers help to identify and express emotions to students through different methods and strategies, so they have a structure to deal with conflicts, also teachers serve as mediators in such cases to promote empathy among young people.The objective of this research is to describe how emotional intelligence is related to conflict resolution in adolescents of the “Francisco Huerta Rendón” Educational Unit in the city of Babahoyo. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize and express emotions in human beings, which facilitates thinking and regulates emotions. On the other hand, conflict resolution is the negative interpretation of conflictive contexts, which emphasizes the search for solutions, observing and converting the negative into a positive and constructive way. The study has a population of 240 adolescent students between 14 and 16 years old, in which a sample of 86 young people from higher basic education was chosen, using non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The research is descriptive, a mixed approach and a non-experimental cross-sectional research design were used. Data collection was also carried out through two psychometric tests, the Bar-On's Emotional Intelligence Inventory for Adolescents (EQ-i: YV), which aims to assess and measure emotional intelligence, created by Reuven Bar-On (1997). And the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI), the objective of this tool is to evaluate and help to understand conflict management, the instrument was designed by Kenneth W. Thomas and Ralph H. Kilmann in (1974). An interview with teachers was also conducted in order to learn more about the variables within the classroom. The results of the research show that in the inventory (EQ-i: YV), there is a total of 85% of students with low emotional intelligence, while 13% show medium emotional intelligence and finally 2% of adolescents show high emotional intelligence. The TKI instrument reveals that the avoidance component is the highest with 32%, followed by the competitive component with 22%, 20% of adolescents show complacency, followed by the collaborative component with 17%, and finally, the lowest component with 9% is commitment. With respect to the interview applied it is evident that teachers help to identify and express emotions to students through different methods and strategies, so they have a structure to deal with conflicts, also teachers serve as mediators in such cases to promote empathy among young people.La presente investigación tiene como principal objetivo describir como la inteligencia emocional se relaciona con la resolución de conflictos en los adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa “Francisco Huerta Rendón” de la ciudad de Babahoyo. La inteligencia emocional es la capacidad que consiente en reconocer y expresar las emociones en el ser humano, lo que permite facilitar el pensamiento y regular las emociones. Por el contrario, la resolución de conflictos es la interpretación negativa de contextos conflictivos por lo que se enfatiza en la búsqueda de soluciones, en observar y convertir lo negativo a modo positivo y constructivo. El estudio cuenta con una población de 240 estudiantes adolescentes entre 14 a 16 años, en la que se escogió una muestra de 86 jóvenes de la educación básica superior, utilizando el muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. La investigación es de tipo descriptivo, se empleó un enfoque mixto y un diseño de investigación no experimental de corte transversal. También se realizó la recopilación de datos a través de dos pruebas psicométricas, el inventario de Inteligencia Emocional para Adolescentes (EQ-i: YV) de Bar-On, el mismo que tiene como objetivo evaluar y medir la inteligencia emocional, el cual fue creado por Reuven Bar-On en (1997). Y el instrumento de Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI), el objetivo de esta herramienta es evaluar y ayudar a comprender el manejo de conflictos, el instrumento fue diseñado por Kenneth W. Thomas y Ralph H. Kilmann en (1974). De la misma forma se manejó una entrevista a los docentes con el propósito de conocer más sobre las variables dentro del salón de clases. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que en el inventario (EQ-i: YV), existe un total del 85% de estudiantes con inteligencia emocional baja, mientas que, el 13% evidencia inteligencia emocional media y por último el 2% de adolescentes manifiesta inteligencia emocional alta. En el instrumento de (TKI) se revela que el componente de elusión es el más alto con un 32%, seguido del 22% que le concierne al componente competitivo, el 20% de los adolescentes muestran ser complacientes, seguido del componente colaborativo con un 17% y, por último, el componente más bajo con un 9% es el comprometido. Con respecto a la entrevista aplicada se evidencia que los docentes ayudan a identificar y expresar las emociones a los estudiantes mediante diferentes métodos y estrategias, por lo que tienen una estructura para enfrentar los conflictos, además que los docentes sirven como mediadores en dichos casos para promover la empatía entre los jóvenes
Protocolo obstétrico y su relación con los resultados materno-fetales en la atención del parto prematuro, Hospital General IESS Babahoyo, octubre 2024 - mayo 2025.
No full textPremature birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality on a global scale. This analysis examined the link between observance of the obstetric protocol and maternal-fetal outcomes in premature births attended at the IESS Babahoyo General Hospital during the period between October 2024 and May 2025. The methodology was used in a descriptive and analytical manner, with a quantitative orientation and a cross-sectional design. 87 clinical records of mothers with premature births were examined, evaluating the degree of compliance with obstetric protocols through essential indicators. The findings showed an overall compliance of 91.95%, highlighting the application of antenatal corticosteroids, tocolytics and prophylactic antibiotics. However, failures were detected in interdisciplinary coordination and in the adequate implementation of clinical interventions.Premature birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality on a global scale. This analysis examined the link between observance of the obstetric protocol and maternal-fetal outcomes in premature births attended at the IESS Babahoyo General Hospital during the period between October 2024 and May 2025. The methodology was used in a descriptive and analytical manner, with a quantitative orientation and a cross-sectional design. 87 clinical records of mothers with premature births were examined, evaluating the degree of compliance with obstetric protocols through essential indicators. The findings showed an overall compliance of 91.95%, highlighting the application of antenatal corticosteroids, tocolytics and prophylactic antibiotics. However, failures were detected in interdisciplinary coordination and in the adequate implementation of clinical interventions.El parto prematuro es la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal a escala global. Este análisis examinó el vínculo entre la observancia del protocolo obstétrico y los resultados materno-fetales en nacimientos prematuros atendidos en el Hospital General IESS Babahoyo durante el lapso comprendido entre octubre 2024 y mayo 2025. La metodología se utilizó de manera descriptiva y analítica, con una orientación cuantitativa y un diseño transversal. Se examinaron 87 expedientes clínicos de madres con partos prematuro, evaluando el grado de cumplimiento con los protocolos obstétricos a través de indicadores esenciales. Los hallazgos mostraron un cumplimiento global del 91.95%, resaltando la aplicación de corticoides antenatales, tocolíticos y antibióticos profilácticos. No obstante, se detectaron fallos en la coordinación interdisciplinaria y en la implementación adecuada de las intervenciones clínicas
Relación de la alimentación complementaria y estado nutricional en niños del centro urbano quevedo en el periodo de octubre 2024 mayo 2025.
No full textThe transition from exclusive breastfeeding to complementary feeding represents a fundamental moment in the health and nutrition of the child. It is a process that requires special attention, since its implementation can have a significant impact on the appearance or prevention of malnutrition, overweight and obesity, or, on the other hand, promote healthy growth and development in the child. Objective: to determine the relationship between complementary feeding and nutritional status in children under two years of age who attend the Quevedo Urban Center during the period October 2024 – May 2025. Methodology: This research was non-experimental, field, correlational, quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. Results: Of the 77 children in the sample, males (57.1%) and ages 12 to 24 months (59.7%) predominated. A relationship was found between complementary feeding and nutritional status, observing that 18.2% were short in stature and 13% underweight. 58.4% of complementary feeding practices were inadequate, although a higher percentage of complementary feeding was inadequate. In addition, nutritional problems were identified, such as risk of overweight (7.8%) and short stature (18.2%). It was concluded that children in the Quevedo Urban Center exhibited inadequate feeding practices, with deficiencies in feeding frequency particularly among children between 6 and 8 months and 9 and 11 months of age. They also presented altered nutritional status. Therefore, a relationship between complementary feeding and nutritional status was established.The transition from exclusive breastfeeding to complementary feeding represents a fundamental moment in the health and nutrition of the child. It is a process that requires special attention, since its implementation can have a significant impact on the appearance or prevention of malnutrition, overweight and obesity, or, on the other hand, promote healthy growth and development in the child. Objective: to determine the relationship between complementary feeding and nutritional status in children under two years of age who attend the Quevedo Urban Center during the period October 2024 – May 2025. Methodology: This research was non-experimental, field, correlational, quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. Results: Of the 77 children in the sample, males (57.1%) and ages 12 to 24 months (59.7%) predominated. A relationship was found between complementary feeding and nutritional status, observing that 18.2% were short in stature and 13% underweight. 58.4% of complementary feeding practices were inadequate, although a higher percentage of complementary feeding was inadequate. In addition, nutritional problems were identified, such as risk of overweight (7.8%) and short stature (18.2%). It was concluded that children in the Quevedo Urban Center exhibited inadequate feeding practices, with deficiencies in feeding frequency particularly among children between 6 and 8 months and 9 and 11 months of age. They also presented altered nutritional status. Therefore, a relationship between complementary feeding and nutritional status was established.La transición de la lactancia materna exclusiva a la alimentación complementaria representa un momento fundamental en la salud y nutrición del niño. Este proceso requiere especial atención, dado que su implementación puede tener un impacto significativo en la aparición de la desnutrición, el sobrepeso y la obesidad, afectando un crecimiento y desarrollo saludable. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la alimentación complementaria y el estado nutricional en niños menores de dos años que acuden al Centro urbano Quevedo durante el periodo octubre 2024 – mayo 2025. Metodología: esta investigación fue de tipo no experimental, de campo, correlacional, cuantitativa con enfoque transversal. Resultados: De los 77 niños correspondientes a la muestra, el predominó el sexo masculino (57.1%) y la edad de 12 a 24 meses (59.7%). Se encontró una relación entre la alimentación complementaria y el estado nutricional, observando que el 18.2% presentó baja talla y el 13% bajo peso. El 58.4% de las prácticas de alimentación complementaria fueron inadecuadas, sin embargado un mayor porcentaje de adecuado en la consistencia y frecuencia de las comidas. Además, se identificaron problemas nutricionales, como riesgo de sobrepeso (7.8%) y baja talla (18.2%). Se concluyó que los niños del Centro Urbano Quevedo presentaron una práctica inadecuada en la introducción de alimentos, destacando las deficiencias en la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos especialmente en la edad de 6 a 8 meses y de 9 a 11 meses; así mismo, presentaron alteraciones en el estado nutricional; por lo cual, se determinó una relación entre la alimentación complementaria y el estado nutricional
IMPACTO DE LA IMPORTACIÓN DE FERTILIZANTES SOBRE LA PRODUCCIÓN DE ARROZ EN LA PROVINCIA DE LOS RÍOS, ECUADOR. 2024
No full textRice producers in Los Ríos Province, Ecuador, depend heavily on fertilizers to maintain crop productivity. The objective is to determine how fertilizer imports impact agricultural production in Los Ríos Province. 2024. The type of research was descriptive and explanatory, using a quantitative approach. The study population was rice producers in Los Ríos Province during the year 2024, selecting a convenience sample of 120. The results showed that the exemptions from current tariff rates are not strengthening fertilizer import processes and that the logistical level of international fertilizer transport does not significantly benefit rice producers. It was possible to identify elements that present agricultural policies where the yield per hectare of current rice plantations is not managing to supply at least the domestic market of the country and that the low profitability in rice production is largely due to the limited reduction in production costs. It is concluded that the relationship between the variables Fertilizer Imports and Rice Production is significantly positive. The correlation obtained was Rho=0.808, which establishes a strong relationship between the variables and that the timely import of fertilizers, which impacts rice production levels in the province of Los Ríos, explains 65.29%.
Keywords: Imports, fertilizers, production, rice.Rice producers in Los Ríos Province, Ecuador, depend heavily on fertilizers to maintain crop productivity. The objective is to determine how fertilizer imports impact agricultural production in Los Ríos Province. 2024. The type of research was descriptive and explanatory, using a quantitative approach. The study population was rice producers in Los Ríos Province during the year 2024, selecting a convenience sample of 120. The results showed that the exemptions from current tariff rates are not strengthening fertilizer import processes and that the logistical level of international fertilizer transport does not significantly benefit rice producers. It was possible to identify elements that present agricultural policies where the yield per hectare of current rice plantations is not managing to supply at least the domestic market of the country and that the low profitability in rice production is largely due to the limited reduction in production costs. It is concluded that the relationship between the variables Fertilizer Imports and Rice Production is significantly positive. The correlation obtained was Rho=0.808, which establishes a strong relationship between the variables and that the timely import of fertilizers, which impacts rice production levels in the province of Los Ríos, explains 65.29%.
Keywords: Imports, fertilizers, production, rice.Los productores de arroz en la provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador, dependen evidencian en gran medida de los fertilizantes para mantener la productividad de sus cultivos. El objetivo es determinar la forma en que la importación de fertilizantes impacta sobre la producción agrícola en la provincia de Los Ríos. 2024. El tipo de investigación fue descriptivo explicativo, se usó el enfoque cuantitativo. La población de estudio fueron los Productores de arroz de la provincia de Los Ríos durante el año 2024 seleccionándose una muestra por conveniencia de 120. Los resultados evidenciaron que las exoneraciones de las actuales tasas arancelarias no están fortaleciendo los procesos de importación de fertilizantes y que el nivel logístico del transporte internacional de fertilizantes no favorece significativamente a los productores de arroz. Se pudo identificar elementos que presentan la políticas agrícolas donde el rendimiento por hectárea de las plantaciones de arroz que se tienen actualmente no está logrando abastecer al menos el mercado interno del país y que la baja rentabilidad en la producción de arroz se debe en gran parte a la limitada reducción de costos de producción. Se concluye que la forma en que se relaciona las variables Importación de fertilizantes y Producción de arroz es significativamente positiva, la correlación obtenida fue de Rho=0,808 lo que establece una alta relación entre las variables y que la oportuna Importación de fertilizantes que impactan en los niveles de Producción de arroz en la provincia de Los Ríos se explica en un 65,29%.
Palabras clave: Importación, fertilizantes, producción, arroz
Prevención de Fusarium oxysporum raza 1, en el cultivo de banano variedad Gros Michel, utilizando Trichoderma spp. en la zona de Naranjal - Ecuador
No full textIn the present investigation, the prevention of Fusarium oxysporum race 1 was evaluated in the Gros Michel variety with applications of Trichoderma spp. in the Naranjal area. A Completely Randomized Block Design was applied in three replications. Tukey's test at 5 % of significance was performed to determine the difference between the following treatments: T1: Biohealth, T2: Dinamics, T3: Control. The following variables were evaluated: Percentage of affected plants with symptoms of Fusarium oxysporum race 1, bunch age, number of bunches, number of hands, bunch weight (kg), finger length (inches), last hand calibration, second hand calibration, ratio and economic analysis. The results indicate that there were symptomless plants at 15 days, 30 days and 45 days in the treatments studied. Symptoms of the FOCRT1 disease were present from 129 days, with a higher percentage of affectation in T3 (12.13 %), while T1 (10 %) presented a lower percentage of affectation. At 213 days, there was a higher percentage of affectation in T3 (23.33 %), while T1 (16.67 %) presented a lower percentage of affectation. As at 224 days, there was a higher percentage of damage in T3 (36%), while T1 (26.67%) had a lower percentage of damage. It was determined that the highest number of hands per bunch was reported in treatment T1 (9.40) being statistically superior to the other treatments, while the lowest number of hands per bunch was presented in treatment T3 (8). The greatest finger length was reported in treatment T2 (10.97 inches) being statistically superior to the other treatments, while the least finger length was presented in treatment T1 (9 inches). The highest calibration of the last hand of the bunch was reported in treatment T1 (42.53) being statistically superior to the other treatments, while the lowest calibration of the last hand of the bunch was presented in treatment T3 (40.67). The highest calibration of the second hand of the bunch was reported in treatment T3 (46.40) being statistically superior to the other treatments, while the lowest calibration of the second hand of the bunch was presented in treatment T1 (45.07). Based on the economic analysis carried out in the best treatment (T1), it was found that the production costs of the different cultural labors in one hectare of production had a value of 6097.44.En la presente investigación se evaluó la prevención de Fusarium oxysporum raza 1, en la variedad Gros Michel con aplicaciones de Trichoderma spp. en la zona de Naranjal. Se aplicó un Diseño de Bloques Completamente al Azar en tres repeticiones. Se ejecutó la prueba de Tukey al 5 % de significancia, para determinar la diferencia entre los siguientes tratamientos: T1: Biohealth, T2: Dinamics, T3: Testigo. Se evaluaron las siguientes variables: Porcentaje de afectación en plantas con síntomas de Fusarium oxysporum raza 1, Edad del racimo, Numero de racimos, Numero de manos, Peso del racimo (kg), Longitud de dedo (pulgadas), Calibración ultima mano, Calibración segunda mano, Ratio y Análisis económico. Los resultados indican que se presentaron plantas sin sintomatología a los 15 días, 30 días y 45 días en los tratamientos estudiados. Los síntomas de la enfermedad FOCRT1 se presentaron desde los 129 días, con un mayor porcentaje de afectación en el T3 (12.13 %), mientras que el T1 (10 %) presento menor porcentaje de afectación. A los 213 días se evidenció un mayor porcentaje de afectación en el T3 (23.33 %), mientras que el T1 (16.67 %) presento menor porcentaje de afectación. A igual que a los 224 días se presentó un mayor porcentaje de afectación en el T3 (36 %), mientras que el T1 (26.67 %) presento menor porcentaje de afectación. Se determinó que el mayor número de manos por racimo fue reportado en el tratamiento T1 (9.40) siendo superior estadísticamente a los demás tratamientos, mientras que el menor número de manos por racimo se presentó en el tratamiento T3 (8). La mayor longitud de dedo fue reportada en el tratamiento T2 (10.97 pulgadas) siendo superior estadísticamente a los demás tratamientos, mientras que la menor longitud de dedo se presentó en el tratamiento T1 (9 pulgadas). La mayor calibración de la última mano del racimo fue reportada en el tratamiento T1 (42.53) siendo superior estadísticamente a los demás tratamientos, mientras que la menor calibración de la última mano del racimo se presentó en el tratamiento T3 (40.67). La mayor calibración de la segunda mano del racimo fue reportada en el tratamiento T3 (46.40) siendo superior estadísticamente a los demás tratamientos, mientras que la menor calibración de la segunda mano del racimo se presentó en el tratamiento T1 (45.07). En base al análisis económico realizado en el mejor tratamiento (T1) se evidenció que los costos de producción de las diferentes labores culturales en una hectárea de producción tuvieron un valor de $ 6097.44
Estrategias de afrontamiento ante el estrés académico en estudiantes de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Nicolas Infante Diaz de la ciudad de Quevedo
No full textAcademic stress is a growing problem that affects high school students, impacting their academic performance and emotional well-being. This study aims to identify the coping strategies used by students at the Nicolás Infante Díaz de Quevedo Educational Unit to mitigate academic stress. Using a mixed methodology, quantitative and qualitative approaches were combined to analyze the factors associated with stress and the strategies used to deal with it.
The results indicate that the main stressors include task overload, pressure for grades, and family expectations. Among the most common coping strategies are planning, social support, and relaxation techniques, although their implementation is not consistent among all students. Less effective strategies were also identified, such as avoidance or procrastination, which increase the perception of stress.
This work underlines the importance of promoting educational interventions that strengthen adaptive coping strategies, such as emotional regulation and time management. The findings provide a basis for the implementation of programs that improve students' overall well-being as well as their academic performance.Academic stress is a growing problem that affects high school students, impacting their academic performance and emotional well-being. This study aims to identify the coping strategies used by students at the Nicolás Infante Díaz de Quevedo Educational Unit to mitigate academic stress. Using a mixed methodology, quantitative and qualitative approaches were combined to analyze the factors associated with stress and the strategies used to deal with it.
The results indicate that the main stressors include task overload, pressure for grades, and family expectations. Among the most common coping strategies are planning, social support, and relaxation techniques, although their implementation is not consistent among all students. Less effective strategies were also identified, such as avoidance or procrastination, which increase the perception of stress.
This work underlines the importance of promoting educational interventions that strengthen adaptive coping strategies, such as emotional regulation and time management. The findings provide a basis for the implementation of programs that improve students' overall well-being as well as their academic performance.El estrés académico es una problemática creciente que afecta a los estudiantes de bachillerato, impactando su rendimiento académico y bienestar emocional. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Nicolás Infante Díaz de Quevedo para mitigar el estrés académico. A través de una metodología mixta, se combinaron enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos para analizar los factores asociados al estrés y las estrategias empleadas para enfrentarlo.
Los resultados indican que los principales factores estresantes incluyen la sobrecarga de tareas, la presión por calificaciones y las expectativas familiares. Entre las estrategias de afrontamiento más comunes se encuentran la planificación, el apoyo social y las técnicas de relajación, aunque su implementación no es consistente entre todos los estudiantes. También se identificaron estrategias menos efectivas, como la evitación o la procrastinación, que aumentan la percepción de estrés.
Este trabajo subraya la importancia de promover intervenciones educativas que fortalezcan las estrategias de afrontamiento adaptativas, tales como la regulación emocional y la organización del tiempo. Los hallazgos proporcionan una base para la implementación de programas que mejoren el bienestar integral de los estudiantes, así como su desempeño académico