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Alternativas de control para mancha marrón (Bipolaris oryzae) en el cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) en el Ecuador
No full textRice (Oryza sativa L.) is a very important cereal worldwide. It generates employment for many families, adapts to diverse climatic conditions, and has a high nutritional value. Of the fungal diseases present in rice-growing areas, brown spot, caused by the fungus Bipolaris oryzae, represents a serious threat to the rice sector. This study aims to analyze control alternatives for brown spot in rice cultivation in Ecuador. This study consists of an exploratory research, with a non-experimental and bibliographic-documentary design, since no variables were manipulated. It was based on the collection, analysis, and interpretation of information from high-quality documents that allowed the synthesis, analysis, and summary of the collected information. The relevant topics on control alternatives for brown spot B. oryzae in rice cultivation (Oryza sativa L.) in Ecuador were specified. According to the analysis presented, it was determined that the life cycle of B. oryzae, the pathogen, begins its attack process in rice crops by dispersing its conidia. B. oryzae has a very complex life cycle that extends from sporulation to dispersal and penetration into rice tissues. For this reason, alternative control methods are necessary, such as Trichoderma spp. strains at 0.75 kg/ha, which act as biocontrol agents of the causative agent of this disease. The application of chemical fungicides, such as triazole at 500 cc/ha, azoxystrobin at 0.6 L/ha, and chlorothalonil at 0.8 L/ha (in single groups), has proven effective in critical rice crop situations.Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a very important cereal worldwide. It generates employment for many families, adapts to diverse climatic conditions, and has a high nutritional value. Of the fungal diseases present in rice-growing areas, brown spot, caused by the fungus Bipolaris oryzae, represents a serious threat to the rice sector. This study aims to analyze control alternatives for brown spot in rice cultivation in Ecuador. This study consists of an exploratory research, with a non-experimental and bibliographic-documentary design, since no variables were manipulated. It was based on the collection, analysis, and interpretation of information from high-quality documents that allowed the synthesis, analysis, and summary of the collected information. The relevant topics on control alternatives for brown spot B. oryzae in rice cultivation (Oryza sativa L.) in Ecuador were specified. According to the analysis presented, it was determined that the life cycle of B. oryzae, the pathogen, begins its attack process in rice crops by dispersing its conidia. B. oryzae has a very complex life cycle that extends from sporulation to dispersal and penetration into rice tissues. For this reason, alternative control methods are necessary, such as Trichoderma spp. strains at 0.75 kg/ha, which act as biocontrol agents of the causative agent of this disease. The application of chemical fungicides, such as triazole at 500 cc/ha, azoxystrobin at 0.6 L/ha, and chlorothalonil at 0.8 L/ha (in single groups), has proven effective in critical rice crop situations.El arroz (Oryza sativa L.) es un cereal muy importancia a nivel mundial, genera empleo a muchas familias, se adapta a diversas condiciones climáticas, tiene un elevado valor nutricional. De las enfermedades fúngicas presentes en las zonas arroceras, la mancha marrón, causada por el hongo Bipolaris oryzae, representa una grave amenaza para el sector arrocero. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las alternativas de control para mancha marrón en el cultivo de arroz en el Ecuador. Este estudio consta de una investigación de tipo exploratoria, con un diseño no experimental y bibliográfico-documental, ya que no se manipularon variables y se basó en la recopilación, análisis e interpretación de información proveniente de documentos de alto que permitieron la síntesis, análisis y resumen de la información recopilada. Se especifico la temática relevante sobre las alternativas de control para mancha marrón B. oryzae en el cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) en el Ecuador. De acuerdo al análisis presentado, se determinó que el ciclo de vida de B. oryzae, el patógeno inicia su proceso de ataque en el cultivo de arroz mediante la dispersión de sus conidios. B. oryzae posee un ciclo de vida muy complejo desde la esporulación, la dispersión y la penetración en los tejidos del arroz. Por esta razón, se debe recurrir alternativas de control, como cepas de Trichoderma spp 0,75 kg/ha actúa como un biocontrolador del agente causal de esta enfermedad. La aplicación de fungicidas químicos, como el triazol 500 cc/ha, azoxistrobina en dosis de 0,6 l/ha y el clorotalonil en dosis 0.8 L/ha grupos únicos, que ha resultado eficaz en situaciones críticas del cultivo de arro
Grado de competitividad de la Empresa Mathi Store en el Cantón Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno Jujan, en el año 2023.
No full textThis study addresses the analysis of the degree of competitiveness of the company Mathi Store, located in the canton Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno, Jujan, during the year 2023. With three years of experience in the market and a varied product offering, it faces challenges such as intense competition, lack of differentiation in its value proposition, poor digital visibility, and deficiencies in customer service. These limitations affect its ability to retain customers and adapt to changing trends and demands in the local environment. Through customer surveys, a SWOT analysis, and marketing techniques, the company's main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were identified. Among the strengths are its strategic location, the quality of its products, and competitive prices. However, weaknesses include a lack of digital promotion, insufficient staff training, and poorly developed loyalty programs. In addition, the lack of innovation represents a barrier to differentiation in a highly competitive market. The study recommends implementing specific strategies to improve competitiveness, such as developing a digital marketing strategy that increases visibility on social media and e-commerce. It also proposes training staff to improve customer service and the shopping experience. These actions seek to strengthen Mathi Store's position in the local market, increase customer loyalty and adapt to a changing environment. By implementing these strategies, the company will be able to consolidate its growth and achieve competitive and sustainable performance in the long term.This study addresses the analysis of the degree of competitiveness of the company Mathi Store, located in the canton Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno, Jujan, during the year 2023. With three years of experience in the market and a varied product offering, it faces challenges such as intense competition, lack of differentiation in its value proposition, poor digital visibility, and deficiencies in customer service. These limitations affect its ability to retain customers and adapt to changing trends and demands in the local environment. Through customer surveys, a SWOT analysis, and marketing techniques, the company's main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were identified. Among the strengths are its strategic location, the quality of its products, and competitive prices. However, weaknesses include a lack of digital promotion, insufficient staff training, and poorly developed loyalty programs. In addition, the lack of innovation represents a barrier to differentiation in a highly competitive market. The study recommends implementing specific strategies to improve competitiveness, such as developing a digital marketing strategy that increases visibility on social media and e-commerce. It also proposes training staff to improve customer service and the shopping experience. These actions seek to strengthen Mathi Store's position in the local market, increase customer loyalty and adapt to a changing environment. By implementing these strategies, the company will be able to consolidate its growth and achieve competitive and sustainable performance in the long term.El presente estudio aborda el análisis del grado de competitividad de la empresa Mathi Store, ubicada en el cantón Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno, Jujan, durante el año 2023. Con tres años de experiencia en el mercado y una oferta variada de productos, enfrenta retos como la intensa competencia, la falta de diferenciación en su propuesta de valor, la escasa visibilidad digital, y deficiencias en la atención al cliente. Estas limitaciones afectan su capacidad para fidelizar clientes, y adaptarse a las tendencias y demandas cambiantes del entorno local. A través de encuestas aplicadas a clientes, un análisis FODA y técnicas de marketing, se identificaron las principales fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas de la empresa. Entre las fortalezas destacan su ubicación estratégica, la calidad de sus productos y precios competitivos. Sin embargo, las debilidades incluyen la falta de promoción digital, capacitación insuficiente del personal, y programas de fidelización poco desarrollados. Además, la falta de innovación representa una barrera para diferenciarse en un mercado altamente competitivo. El estudio recomienda implementar estrategias específicas para mejorar la competitividad, como el desarrollo de una estrategia de marketing digital que incremente la visibilidad en redes sociales y el comercio electrónico. Asimismo, se propone realizar capacitaciones al personal para mejorar la atención al cliente y la experiencia de compra, estas acciones buscan fortalecer la posición de Mathi Store en el mercado local, aumentar la fidelización de clientes y adaptarse a un entorno cambiante. Al implementar estas estrategias, la empresa podrá consolidar su crecimiento y alcanzar un desempeño competitivo y sostenible en el largo plazo
Cartera improductiva de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Juan Pío de Mora de la ciudad de San Miguel, provincia de Bolívar durante el periodo 2023.
No full textEn este estudio de caso, cuyo objetivo es poder examinar la cartera improductiva de la Cooperativa de Ahorra y Crédito Juan Pío de Mora durante el periodo 2023 se enfoca en evaluar la cartera de créditos y como esto tiene cierto impacto en la estabilidad financiera de la institución. Durante el 2023, se evidenció una variación en la cartera improductiva a comparación del periodo anterior, reflejando un incremento tanto en aquellos créditos que no devengan intereses como en aquellos que se encuentran vencidos, por lo que este aumento señala una mayor morosidad y por ende se considera como un riesgo para la Cooperativa. Mediante los análisis realizados, se logró identificar que el manejo que se tiene dentro del área de créditos y cobranzas presenta varias deficiencias, lo que ocasiona una acumulación de créditos improductivos y posteriormente al deterioro de la cartera. Los resultados también muestran que dentro de la Cooperativa no se ha implementado políticas que sean efectivas para intentar prevenir el deterioro de los créditos, ni ha podido establecer procesos de cobranzas que sean eficientes. Adicionalmente, se destaca lo importante que es revisar y mejorar los mecanismos de cobranza, indicando de esta forma que la Cooperativa debe adoptar políticas más estrictas y optimizar su proceso de recuperación de la cartera para reducir la morosidad. De esta manera, se busca mitigar riesgos financieros y a su vez, asegurar la sostenibilidad de la entidad. Los resultados obtenidos se alinean con teorías de expertos en el área, quienes coinciden en que una adecuada gestión de la cartera de crédito es esencial para la estabilidad financiera de cualquier entidad
Efecto de bioestimulantes sobre la producción de pepino híbrido (Cucumis sativus) en la zona de San Juan, Los Ríos
No full textEcuador is a highly productive country in agricultural terms, since it has very fertile lands and a variety of climates in which different types of crops thrive. Cucumber is one of the crops that grow very well in Ecuadorian territory. This vegetable grows mainly in the provinces of Loja, Tungurahua, Los Ríos and Manabí. In this context, to preserve this high demand productivity, biostimulants are used, which are a variety of articles that present active ingredients, and work on the physiology of crops, increasing their yield. The objective of the work was to determine the effect of biostimulants on hybrid cucumber production. For this purpose, three biostimulant products were proposed: Stimplex, Allstar and Phylum-Max in different concentrations. A randomized complete block design was applied with 7 treatments and three repetitions. The variables studied were related to growth and fruit production. The results indicate that the application of foliar biostimulants has marked influences on the agronomic behavior of the cucumber crop. The plants treated with Stimplex at a dose of 1.0 l/ha presented greater lateral and vertical growth, number of flowers, increase in effective fruits, fruit diameter, increase in fruit weight and cucumber fruit production (22.65 t/ha) in relation to the rest of the treatments. No statistical differences were found in the variables days to flowering and days to harvest. The greatest economic benefit was achieved with applications of Stimplex 1.0 l/ha.Ecuador is a highly productive country in agricultural terms, since it has very fertile lands and a variety of climates in which different types of crops thrive. Cucumber is one of the crops that grow very well in Ecuadorian territory. This vegetable grows mainly in the provinces of Loja, Tungurahua, Los Ríos and Manabí. In this context, to preserve this high demand productivity, biostimulants are used, which are a variety of articles that present active ingredients, and work on the physiology of crops, increasing their yield. The objective of the work was to determine the effect of biostimulants on hybrid cucumber production. For this purpose, three biostimulant products were proposed: Stimplex, Allstar and Phylum-Max in different concentrations. A randomized complete block design was applied with 7 treatments and three repetitions. The variables studied were related to growth and fruit production. The results indicate that the application of foliar biostimulants has marked influences on the agronomic behavior of the cucumber crop. The plants treated with Stimplex at a dose of 1.0 l/ha presented greater lateral and vertical growth, number of flowers, increase in effective fruits, fruit diameter, increase in fruit weight and cucumber fruit production (22.65 t/ha) in relation to the rest of the treatments. No statistical differences were found in the variables days to flowering and days to harvest. The greatest economic benefit was achieved with applications of Stimplex 1.0 l/ha.El Ecuador es un país altamente productivo en términos agropecuarios, ya que posee tierras muy fértiles y una variedad de clima en los cuales prosperan diferentes tipos de cultivos. El pepino es uno de los cultivos que se dan muy bien en territorio ecuatoriano, esta hortaliza se da principalmente en la provincia de Loja, Tungurahua, Los Ríos y Manabí. En este contexto, para preservar esta elevada productividad de demanda, se utilizan bioestimulantes, los cuales son una diversidad de artículos que presentan principios activos, y trabajan en la fisiología de los cultivos, incrementa su rendimiento. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el efecto de bioestimulantes sobre la producción de pepino híbrido. Para el efecto se plantearon tres productos bioestimulantes: Stimplex, Allstar y Phylum-Max en diferentes concentraciones. Se aplicó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con 7 tratamientos y tres repeticiones. Las variables estudiadas estuvieron relacionadas con crecimiento y producción de frutos. Los resultados indican que la aplicación de bioestimulantes foliares presenta influencias marcadas sobre el comportamiento agronómico del cultivo de pepino. Las plantas tratadas con Stimplex en dosis 1,0 l/ha presentaron mayor crecimiento lateral y vertical, número de flores, incremento de frutos efectivos, diámetro de frutos, aumento de peso de frutos y producción de fruto de pepino (22,65 t/ha) con relación al resto de tratamientos. No se encontró diferencias estadísticas en las variables días a floración y días a la cosecha. El mayor beneficio económico se logró con las aplicaciones de Stimplex 1,0 l/ha
Manipulación informativa de los medios de comunicación digitales en el Ecuador y el principio de responsabilidad ética
No full textThe research titled "Informative Manipulation in Digital Media in Ecuador and the Principle of Ethical Responsibility" addresses a significant issue within the Ecuadorian communication sphere. The central focus lies in how manipulative practices, characterized by the dissemination of false, biased, or sensationalist information, affect public trust and the credibility of digital media. This study emphasizes its relevance due to the profound social and democratic consequences of information manipulation, proposing a comprehensive analysis to understand its dimensions and effects, particularly in the cities of Quito, Guayaquil, and Babahoyo. The main objective is to analyze manipulative practices in Ecuadorian digital media and their relationship with the principle of ethical responsibility in communication. Specifically, it seeks to identify these practices, explore their impact on credibility, and evaluate their ethical implications. Methodologically, the mixed approach combines qualitative and quantitative data, enabling a deep and statistically supported understanding of the phenomenon. The population consists of digital media consumers in the mentioned cities, employing techniques such as interviews with experts and media representatives, as well as surveys conducted through Google Forms. These tools ensure the collection of relevant data on perceptions and dynamics characterizing the interaction between media and audiences in digital environments.The research titled "Informative Manipulation in Digital Media in Ecuador and the Principle of Ethical Responsibility" addresses a significant issue within the Ecuadorian communication sphere. The central focus lies in how manipulative practices, characterized by the dissemination of false, biased, or sensationalist information, affect public trust and the credibility of digital media. This study emphasizes its relevance due to the profound social and democratic consequences of information manipulation, proposing a comprehensive analysis to understand its dimensions and effects, particularly in the cities of Quito, Guayaquil, and Babahoyo. The main objective is to analyze manipulative practices in Ecuadorian digital media and their relationship with the principle of ethical responsibility in communication. Specifically, it seeks to identify these practices, explore their impact on credibility, and evaluate their ethical implications. Methodologically, the mixed approach combines qualitative and quantitative data, enabling a deep and statistically supported understanding of the phenomenon. The population consists of digital media consumers in the mentioned cities, employing techniques such as interviews with experts and media representatives, as well as surveys conducted through Google Forms. These tools ensure the collection of relevant data on perceptions and dynamics characterizing the interaction between media and audiences in digital environments.La investigación titulada "Manipulación informativa de los medios de comunicación digitales en el Ecuador y el principio de responsabilidad ética" aborda una problemática relevante dentro del ámbito comunicacional ecuatoriano. El planteamiento central radica en cómo las prácticas de manipulación informativa, caracterizadas por la difusión de información falsa, sesgada o sensacionalista, afectan la confianza del público y la credibilidad de los medios digitales. Este estudio justifica su relevancia debido a las profundas consecuencias sociales y democráticas de la manipulación informativa, proponiendo un análisis integral que permita comprender sus dimensiones y efectos, particularmente en las ciudades de Quito, Guayaquil y Babahoyo. El objetivo principal es analizar las prácticas de manipulación informativa en medios digitales ecuatorianos y su relación con el principio de responsabilidad ética en la comunicación. De manera específica, se busca identificar dichas prácticas, explorar su impacto en la credibilidad y evaluar sus implicaciones éticas. Metodológicamente, el enfoque mixto combina datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, permitiendo un entendimiento profundo y estadísticamente respaldado del fenómeno. La población está compuesta por consumidores de medios digitales en las ciudades mencionadas, utilizando técnicas como entrevistas a expertos y representantes de medios, así como encuestas aplicadas mediante Google Forms. Estas herramientas garantizan la obtención de datos relevantes sobre las percepciones y dinámicas que caracterizan la interacción entre medios y audiencias en entornos digitales
Impacto de los microorganismos endófitos en el manejo de la sigatoka negra (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) en el cultivo de banano (Musa x paradisiaca) en el Ecuador.
No full textIn the development of the research based on the “Impact of endophytic microorganisms on the management of black Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) in banana cultivation (Musa x paradisiaca) in Ecuador,” the objective was established to analyze the impact of endophytic microorganisms on managing black Sigatoka (M. fijiensis) in banana cultivation (Musa x paradisiaca). The methodology determined that the study was conducted as a descriptive-analytical type with a qualitative research design. Within the conceptual framework, the economic and social importance of bananas in Ecuador, the black Sigatoka disease, the description of the pathogen and its life cycle, the main endophytic microorganisms present in banana cultivation, their effectiveness in managing black Sigatoka, and the mechanisms of action of endophytic microorganisms in managing black Sigatoka in banana cultivation were all taken into account. The results demonstrate that varieties of endophytic microorganisms such as Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Trichoderma spp., and Cladosporium spp. are significant, as they perform fundamental functions as biochemical regulators, bacterial species, and in mechanisms of action, such as volatile substances, antibiotics, and hydrolytic enzymes (chitinases and glucanases). In the conclusions, the detection of endophytic microorganisms related to banana cultivation highlights their relevance to plant health and performance, representing encouraging opportunities for controlling black Sigatoka, fulfilling fundamental roles as biochemical regulators and resistance enhancers, and exhibiting various mechanisms of action, including the production of secondary metabolites such as volatile substances, antibiotics, and hydrolytic enzymes.In the development of the research based on the “Impact of endophytic microorganisms on the management of black Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) in banana cultivation (Musa x paradisiaca) in Ecuador,” the objective was established to analyze the impact of endophytic microorganisms on managing black Sigatoka (M. fijiensis) in banana cultivation (Musa x paradisiaca). The methodology determined that the study was conducted as a descriptive-analytical type with a qualitative research design. Within the conceptual framework, the economic and social importance of bananas in Ecuador, the black Sigatoka disease, the description of the pathogen and its life cycle, the main endophytic microorganisms present in banana cultivation, their effectiveness in managing black Sigatoka, and the mechanisms of action of endophytic microorganisms in managing black Sigatoka in banana cultivation were all taken into account. The results demonstrate that varieties of endophytic microorganisms such as Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Trichoderma spp., and Cladosporium spp. are significant, as they perform fundamental functions as biochemical regulators, bacterial species, and in mechanisms of action, such as volatile substances, antibiotics, and hydrolytic enzymes (chitinases and glucanases). In the conclusions, the detection of endophytic microorganisms related to banana cultivation highlights their relevance to plant health and performance, representing encouraging opportunities for controlling black Sigatoka, fulfilling fundamental roles as biochemical regulators and resistance enhancers, and exhibiting various mechanisms of action, including the production of secondary metabolites such as volatile substances, antibiotics, and hydrolytic enzymes.En el Desarrollo de la investigación basada en los “Impacto de los microorganismos endófitos en el manejo de la sigatoka negra (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) en el cultivo de banano (Musa x paradisiaca) en el Ecuador.” Donde se estableció como objetivo analizar el impacto de los microorganismos endófitos en el manejo de la sigatoka negra (M. fijiensis) en el cultivo de banano (Musa x paradisiaca). La metodología se determinó que el estudio se realizó en un tipo descriptivo-analítico, con un diseño investigativo cualitativo. Dentro del marco conceptual, se tomó en cuenta la importancia económica y social del banano en Ecuador, la enfermedad Sigatoka negra, la descripción del patógeno y ciclo de vida, los principales microorganismos endófitos presentes en el cultivo de banano su efectividad de los microorganismos endófitos en el manejo de la sigatoka negra y los mecanismos de acción de los microorganismos endófitos en el manejo de la sigatoka negra en el cultivo de banano. Los resultados demuestran que de variedades de microorganismos endófitos como Bacillus spp. y Pseudomonas spp, Trichia spp. y Cladosporium spp. susceptible, ya que cumplen funciones fundamentales como reguladores bioquímicos, especies bacterianas y en mecanismos de acción, tales como sustancias volátiles, antibióticos y enzimas hidrolíticas (quitinasas y glucanasas). En las conclusiones la detección de microorganismos endófitos relacionados con el cultivo de banano pone de manifiesto su relevancia en la salud y el desempeño del cultivo, representan oportunidades alentadoras para el control de la sigatoka negra, cumpliendo roles fundamentales como reguladores bioquímicos y potenciadores de resistencia y muestran varios mecanismos de acción, la producción de metabolitos secundarios, tales como sustancias volátiles, antibióticos y enzimas hidrolítica
Plataformas de aprendizaje en línea y sus efectos en el aprendizaje autónomo de los estudiantes de 4to año de EGB en la Escuela Manuelita Sáenz, Ventanas, periodo académico 2024-2025
No full textThis paper focuses on the importance of autonomous learning in relation to the use of online learning platforms, with the aim of determining the effects of online learning platforms on the autonomous learning of 4th-year EGB students at Manuelita Sáenz School, Ventanas, Academic Year 2024-2025. Furthermore, the research aligns with the institutional line of Pedagogy and Educational Innovation, focusing on the use of digital technologies as a strategy to promote autonomy in learning. The methodology used was basic and descriptive, with a quantitative approach. The study population consisted of 40 fourth-year EGB students, selected through a non-probability convenience sampling method. A structured survey with 20 closed-ended questions was used as a data collection technique. Finally, the results revealed that 52.5% of students effectively use online platforms, 43.8% show moderate use, and 3.63% demonstrate low performance. Regarding cognitive skills, 48.44% achieved a high level, reflecting a positive impact on their autonomy. Additionally, 60.71% adopted a positive attitude toward digital tools, highlighting their influence on motivation and readiness for autonomous learning. However, areas for improvement were identified, especially for the 3.63% with low performance, concluding that while the use of digital platforms fosters autonomous learning, it is necessary to optimize their implementation and accessibility to ensure all students benefit equitably.This paper focuses on the importance of autonomous learning in relation to the use of online learning platforms, with the aim of determining the effects of online learning platforms on the autonomous learning of 4th-year EGB students at Manuelita Sáenz School, Ventanas, Academic Year 2024-2025. Furthermore, the research aligns with the institutional line of Pedagogy and Educational Innovation, focusing on the use of digital technologies as a strategy to promote autonomy in learning. The methodology used was basic and descriptive, with a quantitative approach. The study population consisted of 40 fourth-year EGB students, selected through a non-probability convenience sampling method. A structured survey with 20 closed-ended questions was used as a data collection technique. Finally, the results revealed that 52.5% of students effectively use online platforms, 43.8% show moderate use, and 3.63% demonstrate low performance. Regarding cognitive skills, 48.44% achieved a high level, reflecting a positive impact on their autonomy. Additionally, 60.71% adopted a positive attitude toward digital tools, highlighting their influence on motivation and readiness for autonomous learning. However, areas for improvement were identified, especially for the 3.63% with low performance, concluding that while the use of digital platforms fosters autonomous learning, it is necessary to optimize their implementation and accessibility to ensure all students benefit equitably.El presente trabajo se basa en la importancia del aprendizaje autónomo en relación con el uso de plataformas de aprendizaje en línea con el objetivo de determinar los efectos de las plataformas de aprendizaje en línea en el aprendizaje autónomo de los estudiantes de 4to año de EGB en la escuela Manuelita Sáenz, Ventanas, Periodo Académico 2024-2025. A su vez, la investigación se alinea con la línea institucional de Pedagogía e Innovación Educativa, enfocándose en el uso de tecnologías digitales como una estrategia para fomentar la autonomía en el aprendizaje. La metodología empleada fue del tipo básico y descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo, la población de estudio constituyo 40 estudiantes de cuarto año de EGB, seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, se utilizó por instrumento una encuesta estructurada con 20 preguntas cerradas como técnica de recolección de datos. Finalmente, los resultados revelaron que el 52,5% de los estudiantes utiliza de manera efectiva las plataformas en línea, el 43,8% presenta un aprovechamiento medio y el 3,63% un rendimiento bajo. En cuanto a habilidades cognitivas, el 48,44% alcanzó un nivel alto, reflejando un impacto positivo en su autonomía. Además, el 60,71% adoptó una actitud positiva hacia las herramientas digitales, destacando su influencia en la motivación y disposición para el aprendizaje autónomo. No obstante, se identificaron áreas de mejora, especialmente para el 3,63% con bajo rendimiento, concluyendo que, aunque el uso de plataformas digitales fomenta el aprendizaje autónomo, es necesario optimizar su implementación y accesibilidad para asegurar que todos los estudiantes puedan beneficiarse de manera equitativa
Caracterización fenotípica de nueve líneas promisorias de arroz (Oryza sp.) de grano largo en la zona de CEDEGE, província de Los Ríos
No full textRice (Oryza sativa L.) is a global staple food and a crop of great economic importance. The general objective was to determine the phenotypic traits of different lines, and the specific objectives were: 1) to evaluate agronomic and productive characteristics of nine cultivars against a control, and 2) to select the best-performing lines. Analysis of variance and Tukey's test were applied. The trial included three replications and the cultivars L-12, L-33, L-17, L-19, L-3, L-27, L-07, GR, and SFL-11 (commercial control). Variables such as number of tillers, plant height, length and number of panicles, 1000-grain weight, yield per hectare, and grain quality (with and without hull) were analyzed. Data were obtained through direct observation and physical measurements. The analysis showed significant differences in yield (p = 0.0019), with SFL-11 having the highest yield (6281.19 kg/ha) and L-12 the lowest (2045.52 kg/ha). There were no significant differences in plant spacing (p = 0.509) or row spacing (p = 0.9514). Hulled grain length was highly significant (p < 0.0001), with L-17 being the longest (10.16 mm) and GR the shortest (9.17 mm). There were also differences in grain width (p < 0.0001), with SFL-11 (2.63 mm) and GR (1.92 mm) standing out. Significant differences were also observed in hulled grain. Three outstanding lines were selected: SFL-11, L-33 (5571.1 kg/ha), and GR (4629.61 kg/ha). Further research on L-33 and GR is recommended due to their potential.Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a global staple food and a crop of great economic importance. The general objective was to determine the phenotypic traits of different lines, and the specific objectives were: 1) to evaluate agronomic and productive characteristics of nine cultivars against a control, and 2) to select the best-performing lines. Analysis of variance and Tukey's test were applied. The trial included three replications and the cultivars L-12, L-33, L-17, L-19, L-3, L-27, L-07, GR, and SFL-11 (commercial control). Variables such as number of tillers, plant height, length and number of panicles, 1000-grain weight, yield per hectare, and grain quality (with and without hull) were analyzed. Data were obtained through direct observation and physical measurements. The analysis showed significant differences in yield (p = 0.0019), with SFL-11 having the highest yield (6281.19 kg/ha) and L-12 the lowest (2045.52 kg/ha). There were no significant differences in plant spacing (p = 0.509) or row spacing (p = 0.9514). Hulled grain length was highly significant (p < 0.0001), with L-17 being the longest (10.16 mm) and GR the shortest (9.17 mm). There were also differences in grain width (p < 0.0001), with SFL-11 (2.63 mm) and GR (1.92 mm) standing out. Significant differences were also observed in hulled grain. Three outstanding lines were selected: SFL-11, L-33 (5571.1 kg/ha), and GR (4629.61 kg/ha). Further research on L-33 and GR is recommended due to their potential.El arroz (Oryza sativa L.) es un alimento básico a nivel mundial y un cultivo de gran importancia económica. El objetivo general fue determinar los caracteres fenotípicos de distintas líneas, y entre los objetivos específicos estuvieron: 1) evaluar características agronómicas y productivas de nueve cultivares frente a un testigo, y 2) seleccionar las líneas con mejor rendimiento. Se aplicó análisis de varianza y prueba de Tukey. El ensayo incluyó tres repeticiones y los cultivares L-12, L-33, L-17, L-19, L-3, L-27, L-07, GR y SFL-11 (testigo comercial). Se analizaron variables como número de macollos, altura de planta, longitud y número de panículas, peso de 1000 granos, rendimiento por hectárea y calidad del grano (con y sin cáscara). Los datos se obtuvieron por observación directa y mediciones físicas. El análisis mostró diferencias significativas en el rendimiento (p = 0,0019), siendo SFL-11 la de mayor rendimiento (6281,19 kg/ha) y L-12 la menor (2045,52 kg/ha). No hubo diferencias significativas en distanciamiento entre plantas (p = 0,509) ni entre hileras (p = 0,9514). La longitud del grano con cáscara presentó alta significancia (p < 0,0001), con L-17 como el más largo (10,16 mm) y GR el más corto (9,17 mm). También hubo diferencias en el ancho del grano (p < 0,0001), destacando SFL-11 (2,63 mm) y GR (1,92 mm). En grano sin cáscara también se observaron diferencias significativas. Se seleccionaron tres líneas destacadas: SFL-11, L-33 (5571,1 kg/ha) y GR (4629,61 kg/ha), recomendando continuar investigaciones sobre L-33 y GR por su potencial
Importancia de los abonos orgánicos en el cultivo de pepino (Cucumis sativus, L.) en el Ecuador
Get PDFEcuador, cucumber cultivation faces many difficulties, such as: seed selection, use or not of appropriate soils for planting, the need to make physical supports to hold the plants, irrigation provision, high incidence of pests and diseases, organic or chemical fertilization, perishability of the fruits, low prices of crops, among other difficulties. The objective of this work was to highlight the importance of the use of organic fertilizers in cultivation, to point out one of the main difficulties of this kind of cultivation. This work was proposed as a bibliographical, non-experimental research, and the methodology used was the consultation of texts, magazines, scientific articles, review of specialized digital sites, among other sources. The information was analyzed, synthesized and summarized to structure a document that is easily understood by any reader. In the main, the results of the research revealed that the application of organic fertilizers not only enhances the physical-chemical characteristics and fertility of the soil, but also favors the resistance of plants to the attack of pests and diseases; to which we must add the greater retention of humidity, also contributing to having a more balanced and healthy environmental ecosystem. The main recommended organic fertilizers are: manure, compost, worm humus and bioles. Also, the application of these good agronomic practices saves the investment and expense of the crop because they are cheaper compared to the expense in chemical fertilizers. The conclusions highlight that the orientation towards the use of organic fertilizers makes cucumber cultivation, as a crop and as a financial source, more sustainable and sustainable, to which we must add the added value that means benefiting the environment. In addition, this study recommends the intervention of public and private agricultural institutions and organizations to join forces to provide technical training to small farmers so that they use organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers, safeguarding the health and safety of this food that is widely consumed by the Ecuadorian population.Ecuador, cucumber cultivation faces many difficulties, such as: seed selection, use or not of appropriate soils for planting, the need to make physical supports to hold the plants, irrigation provision, high incidence of pests and diseases, organic or chemical fertilization, perishability of the fruits, low prices of crops, among other difficulties. The objective of this work was to highlight the importance of the use of organic fertilizers in cultivation, to point out one of the main difficulties of this kind of cultivation. This work was proposed as a bibliographical, non-experimental research, and the methodology used was the consultation of texts, magazines, scientific articles, review of specialized digital sites, among other sources. The information was analyzed, synthesized and summarized to structure a document that is easily understood by any reader. In the main, the results of the research revealed that the application of organic fertilizers not only enhances the physical-chemical characteristics and fertility of the soil, but also favors the resistance of plants to the attack of pests and diseases; to which we must add the greater retention of humidity, also contributing to having a more balanced and healthy environmental ecosystem. The main recommended organic fertilizers are: manure, compost, worm humus and bioles. Also, the application of these good agronomic practices saves the investment and expense of the crop because they are cheaper compared to the expense in chemical fertilizers. The conclusions highlight that the orientation towards the use of organic fertilizers makes cucumber cultivation, as a crop and as a financial source, more sustainable and sustainable, to which we must add the added value that means benefiting the environment. In addition, this study recommends the intervention of public and private agricultural institutions and organizations to join forces to provide technical training to small farmers so that they use organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers, safeguarding the health and safety of this food that is widely consumed by the Ecuadorian population.En el Ecuador, el cultivo de pepino enfrenta muchas dificultades, tales como: la selección de semilla, utilización o no de suelos apropiados para la siembra, la necesidad de hacer soportes físicos para sostener las plantas, dotación de riego, alta incidencia de plagas y enfermedades, abonadura orgánica o fertilización química, perecibilidad de los frutos, los bajos precios de las cosechas, entre otras dificultades. El objetivo de este trabajo fue destacar la importancia de la utilización de los abonos orgánicos en el cultivo, para señalar una de las principales dificultades de esta clase de cultivo. Este trabajo se lo planteó como una investigación bibliográfica, no experimental, y la metodología que se utilizó fue la consulta de textos, revistas, artículos científicos, revisión de sitios digitales especializados, entre otras fuentes. La información fue analizada, sintetizada y resumida para estructurar un documento que sea fácilmente comprendido por cualquier lector, En lo principal, los resultados de la investigación revelaron que la aplicación de abonos orgánicos no solo potencian las características físico-químico y la fertilidad del suelo de cultivo, sino que también favorece la resistencia de las plantas al ataque de plagas y enfermedades; a lo que hay que agregar la mayor retención de la humedad, contribuyendo además a tener un ecosistema ambiental más balanceado y sano. Los principales abonos orgánicos recomendados son: estiércol, compost, humus de lombriz y bioles. También, la aplicación de estas buenas prácticas agronómicas ahorra la inversión y el gasto del cultivo pues son más económicas en comparación con el gasto en fertilizantes químicos. Las conclusiones destacan que la orientación al uso de abonos orgánicos hace que el cultivo de pepino sea, como cultivo y como fuente financiera, más sostenible y sustentable, a lo que hay que adicionar el valor agregado que significa beneficiar al medio ambiente. Complementariamente, este estudio recomienda la intervención de las instituciones y organismos agrícolas públicos y privados para sumar esfuerzos en pro de la capacitación técnica de los pequeños agricultores para que utilicen los abonos orgánicos en lugar de los fertilizantes químicos, salvaguardando la sanidad e inocuidad de este alimento que es muy consumido por la población ecuatoriana
Técnicas de estudio colaborativo y su impacto en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de básica media de la Unidad Educativa Mateo Celestino Espinoza del cantón Naranjito periodo lectivo 2024-2025
No full textThis research analyzes the impact of collaborative study techniques on the academic performance of secondary school students at the Mateo Celestino Espinoza Educational Unit in the Naranjito canton during the 2024-2025 school year. The study used a mixed methodology, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, with a sample of 60 students and 2 teachers. Surveys, interviews, and direct observation were applied to collect data on the implementation and effectiveness of collaborative techniques.
The results revealed that 75% of students reported a better understanding of the content through group work, while 80% showed greater motivation for learning. Grades improved in 72% of cases according to the students' perception. It was also observed that 79% of participants positively valued the assignment of roles in group work, and 75% reported improvements in the development of critical thinking through the exchange of ideas.
Teachers confirmed that they observed significant improvements in participation, communication and understanding of content. The strategies implemented included project-based learning, the puzzle method and group discussions. However, challenges were identified such as conflict management, uneven participation in groups and the initial resistance of some students to collaborative work. The research concludes that collaborative study techniques have a positive impact on academic performance when properly implemented, not only in terms of grades but also in the development of social skills and problem solving.This research analyzes the impact of collaborative study techniques on the academic performance of secondary school students at the Mateo Celestino Espinoza Educational Unit in the Naranjito canton during the 2024-2025 school year. The study used a mixed methodology, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, with a sample of 60 students and 2 teachers. Surveys, interviews, and direct observation were applied to collect data on the implementation and effectiveness of collaborative techniques.
The results revealed that 75% of students reported a better understanding of the content through group work, while 80% showed greater motivation for learning. Grades improved in 72% of cases according to the students' perception. It was also observed that 79% of participants positively valued the assignment of roles in group work, and 75% reported improvements in the development of critical thinking through the exchange of ideas.
Teachers confirmed that they observed significant improvements in participation, communication and understanding of content. The strategies implemented included project-based learning, the puzzle method and group discussions. However, challenges were identified such as conflict management, uneven participation in groups and the initial resistance of some students to collaborative work. The research concludes that collaborative study techniques have a positive impact on academic performance when properly implemented, not only in terms of grades but also in the development of social skills and problem solving.Esta investigación analizó el impacto de las técnicas de estudio colaborativo en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de quinto grado de la básica media de la Unidad Educativa Mateo Celestino Espinoza del cantón naranjito durante el periodo lectivo 2024-2025. Él estudió empleó una metodología mixta, combinando enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos, con una muestra de 60 estudiantes y 2 docentes. Se aplicó encuestas, entrevistas y observación directa para recolectar datos sobre la implementación y efectividad de las técnicas colaborativas.
Los resultados revelaron que el 75% de los estudiantes reportó una mejor comprensión de los contenidos mediante el trabajo en grupo, mientras que el 80% mostró mayor motivación para el aprendizaje. Las calificaciones mejoraron en un 72% de los casos según la percepción de los estudiantes. Se observó además que el 79% de los participantes valoró positivamente la asignación de roles en el trabajo grupal, y el 75% reportó mejoras en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico a través del intercambio de ideas.
Los docentes confirmaron observar mejoras significativas en la participación, comunicación y comprensión de contenidos. Las estrategias implementadas incluyeron el aprendizaje basado en proyectos, el método del rompecabezas y debates grupales. Sin embargo, se identificaron desafíos como la gestión de conflictos, la participación desigual en los grupos y la resistencia inicial de algunos estudiantes al trabajo colaborativo. La investigación concluye que las técnicas de estudio colaborativo tienen un impacto positivo en el rendimiento académico cuando se implementan adecuadamente, no soló en términos de calificaciones sino también en el desarrollo de habilidades sociales y resolución de problemas