HFTor - HfT Open Repository (Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart)
Not a member yet
404 research outputs found
Sort by
Three Studies of Shared Digital Labs: The Role of Trust in Business and Maturity Model Development
No full textLaboratories (labs) complement theoretical teaching/learning content in STEM subjects to promote understanding with practical knowledge and experience. However, these labs are typically expensive and available only to local user groups, so not every university can offer the same or equivalent labs. In addition, many universities are not well prepared to share labs with other institutions or to use labs from other institutions. Based on information and communication technologies and the concept of the sharing economy, online labs form the basis for digital exchange in networks. In addition to technical and didactical considerations for the use of online labs, organizational considerations for sharing lab are becoming increasingly important. This dissertation addresses organizational problems of sharing digital online labs for STEM subjects. Sharing of online labs is currently insufficient. In fact, many research projects on online labs fail to continue to operate these labs in a way that covers costs after research funding ends. This work covers three studies to promote sustainable use of shared online labs. The three studies address the following issues. (1) A platform business model that promotes sustainability by enabling online lab sharing, with defined success criteria and functional requirements validated through industry comparisons, stakeholder interviews, and surveys. (2) A systems view of trust as a key element for platform business to identify gaps and opportunities for research and practice. (3) A maturity model to determine the effectiveness of digital lab transformation, assessed through expert workshops and expert interviews
An AHP based approach to forecast groundwater level at potential recharge zones of Uckermark District, Brandenburg, Germany
No full textUckermark, a district of the state Brandenburg, Germany is situated in one of the driest regions of Germany. The district is known for its agricultural activities and natural resources. But in recent times the district is being prone to groundwater deficit due to the dryness of its climate. In this research initiative, a GIS and Remote Sensing based approach has been made to detect the potential groundwater recharge zones of Uckermark district and observe the groundwater level condition over a period of 21 years (2000–2020). Analytic Hierarchy Process has been used to locate the potential groundwater recharge zones and later a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based model has been developed to forecast the seasonal groundwater level for the upcoming five years in the potential groundwater recharge zones based on observation data from groundwater measurement points. This enabled us to see the groundwater condition of Uckermark in near future and point out the necessary steps to be taken
Does Ego Depletion Elicit Stronger Cues of Deception?
No full textLying is cognitively demanding and presumably requires self-regulation. According to ego depletion theory,
a task that requires self-regulation should therefore impair an individual’s ability to tell a convincing lie in a later
task. Consequently, it was hypothesized that a manipulation of ego depletion would enhance behavioral differences
between liars and truth-tellers. To manipulate ego depletion, participants worked (vs. did not work) on a task in which
they had to suppress dominant responses while copying a text. Subsequently, they talked in a simulated job interview
about a job they had previously held (vs. not held). In the sample of 164 participants, there was no evidence to support the hypothesis; the expected Ego Depletion x Veracity interaction was not significant for any of the 15 behavioral cues coded in the videotaped interviews. Although the main effect of ego depletion was significant at the multivariate level for the first of two parts of the interview, none of the univariate main effects reached the significance level corrected for multiple testing. Bayesian analyses rendered moderate to strong evidence in favor of the null hypothesis. Possible implications of the results are discussed, also those related to ego depletion theory
A Transformer for SAG: What Does it Grade?
No full textAutomatic short-answer grading aims to predict human grades for short free-text answers to test questions, in order to support or replace
human grading. Despite active research, there is to date no wide-spread use of ASAG in real-world teaching. One reason is a lack of transparency of popular methods like Transformerbased deep neural networks, which means that students and teachers cannot know how much
to trust automated grading. We probe one such model using the adversarial attack paradigm to better understand their reliance on syntactic and semantic information in the student answers, and their vulnerability to the (easily manipulated) answer length. We find that the model is, reassuringly, likely to reject answers with missing syntactic and semantic information, but that it picks up on the correlation between answer length and correctness in standard training. Thus, real-world applications have to safeguard against exploitation of answer length
Characterisation of time-varying structure-borne sound sources using a reception plate to predict maximum Fast time-weighted levels in heavyweight buildings
No full textStructure-borne excitation from many mechanical appliances leads to structural vibration in buildings which can be transmitted to nearby rooms. The reception plate method provides a characterisation procedure to obtain the power input for SEA prediction models. Earlier work developed empirical corrections based on the relationship between Leq,125ms and LFmax to predict sound transmission from time-varying sources in buildings. For this purpose, the reception plate method is used to capture the maximum power input over a short time period. Using different ramped noise signals to represent idealised versions of time-varying signals from machinery allowed empirical corrections to be identified such that Leq,125ms measurements can be used with the reception plate. When using SEA or EN 12354, it is shown that LFmax in a room can be predicted for a time-varying structure-borne sound source with one-third octave band errors within 3 dB. Similar or better results occurred for the predicted LAFmax that was calculated from one-third octave band LFmax values. Reception plate measurements were carried out on a sanitary installation using the toilet flush to compare the empirical corrections with those from ramped noise signals. Close agreement indicated that the empirical corrections are also applicable to a real, and more complex, time-varying source
Impact Sound Insulation of thermally insulated Balconies
No full textWith the increasing urban densification, balconies are gaining in popularity as they improve the living quality in homes. Thermal insulation between balconies and the building’s façade is state of the art. In Germany the most popular balcony construction is a reinforced concrete balcony, separated from the building by a thermal insulation element (TIE), which is meant to reduce the thermal energy loss and thus ensure the sustainability of buildings. The impact sound transmission from balconies, however, is a problem that has not been addressed enough to date. The main goal of the project is to provide acoustic quantities, e.g., an impact sound reduction, for a TIE that can be used to compare the acoustical quality of products and to predict the impact sound pressure levels within the building using the standard EN ISO 12354-2. Experimental and numerical studies have been carried out on various ceiling-balcony mock-ups without and with TIEs e.g., by means of experimental modal analysis and finite element models. This paper will show the effect that various parameters have on the impact sound insulation. Additionally, the measurements on the test set-up will be compared to measurements on building sites
Towards the Operationalization of Trust Relationships in Networked Organizations
No full textThe sharing economy is a widespread concept of commonly used resources either among individuals or across organizations putting efforts into jointly utilizing existing resources. Within digital networked organizations, trust behavior needs to be supported by mechanisms to establish and sustain the collaborative network. This paper presents methods for visualizing and scoring collaborative behavior as steps towards operationalizing the trust relationship within networked organizations. Using a case study involving a sharing digital laboratory, we investigate how transparency influences collaborative work and how it affects digital collaborations as a whole. We apply Social Network Analysis (SNA) and the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model to visualize and score trust behavior within a case study for digital laboratories. The result of the trust behavior will be extended to an overarching sharing economy business model that promotes the network effect for networked organizations
Betoninstandsetzung: Baustoff - Schadensfeststellung - Instandsetzung
No full textBetonbauwerke und Bauteile aus Beton stellen einen bedeutenden Teil des Staats- und Privatvermögens dar. Wie an allen anderen Bauwerke werden auch an Bauwerke aus diesem sehr leistungsfähigen und robusten Baustoff werterhaltenden Maßnahmen wie Erhalten und Instandsetzung durchgeführt. Die interdisziplinären Tätigkeiten, die hohe Anforderungen an das Fachwissen und die Materialkenntnisse des Planenden und des Ausführenden stellen und die kontinuierlich an Komplexität zunehmen, gewinnen an Bedeutung und steigen rasant an. Neue technologische Errungenschaften und vor allem die Neuerungen in den Regelwerken machen es daher erforderlich, sich über die aktuellen Entwicklungen besonders in Bezug auf die Prinzipien und Methoden der Instandsetzung sowie der Verwendbarkeit von Baustoffen umfassend zu informieren. Viele Fachplaner und Baubetriebe befürchten infolge der anstehenden Einführung der “Technischen Regel Instandhaltung von Betonbauwerke” des Deutschen Instituts für Bautechnik eine Rechtsunsicherheit in der Planung und Ausführung und somit Probleme bei der Anwendung dieses Regelwerkes in der Praxis.
Das Ziel dieser Auflage: Eine einfache und vor allem praktikable Handhabung der aktuellen europäischen und nationalen Regelwerke für das Planen und die Ausführung der Instandsetzungsarbeiten von Bauwerke oder Bauteile aus Beton
VIABILITY TESTING OF GAME ENGINE USAGE FOR VISUALIZATION OF 3D GEOSPATIAL DATA WITH OGC STANDARDS
No full textUrban digital twins have become an essential factor for cities and communities to visualize, simulate and analyze data. The conventional geospatial standards work great with online platforms such as CesiumJS or ArcGIS API for JavaScript. However, their usage in different platforms such as game engines has not been well established yet. Game engines provide an interesting application case because they offer a different approach to visualizing large city models and provide a high graphical fidelity.This paper aims to answer how the existing standards, such as the API standards GeoVolumes and SensorThings, as well as the 3D model standards 3D Tiles and Esri Indexed 3D Scene Layer (I3S), can interact with game engines. For this purpose, three use-cases were selected and have been used to build applications. These focus on using sensor data in AR and different city development scenarios in a digital environment.This study shows that different geospatial standard formats such as 3D Tiles, I3S, and GL Transmission Format (glTF) can be used in game engines, either directly or over a GeoVolumes Server. Their implementation makes it possible to use the advantages of game engines with real-world datasets
Enabling Remote Laboratories with LabMS – Fundamental Considerations and Proof of Concept
No full textIn recent years, new resource-sharing concepts have been developed and implemented, for example, in applications such as car sharing or office space sharing. Sharing large research infrastructures such as particle accelerators is also common. The operation of laboratories for educational purposes is an example of how we can benefit from implementing the concept of sharing knowledge, infrastructure, and facilities in the educational field. However, a corresponding networked IT infrastructure is needed to enable the sharing of laboratories between different institutions.The joint project DigiLab4U is developing, testing, and evaluating a digitally trans-formed laboratory environment that enables cross-site networking of real and virtual laboratory facilities. Multiple services and applications have been designed, developed, implemented, and deployed for the DigiLab4U project. One of the main components, the Laboratory Management System (LabMS) application, provides an integrated platform to manage remote experiments. Mainly, it interacts with laboratory instruments via IIoT integration protocols and provides web-based user interface for remote users. It can be run in standalone mode, or by interacting with the DigiLab4U infrastructure and services.
This paper focuses on DigiLab4U LabMS architecture, its Application
Programming Interface (API) and functionalities, as well as security and safety concerns in digitalized remote laboratories