HFTor - HfT Open Repository (Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart)
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404 research outputs found
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Das Quartier genossenschaftlich als Innovationsökosystem gestalten
No full textSowohl die Entwicklung neuer als auch die Weiterentwicklung bestehender Quartiere sind mit vielfältigen Herausforderungen verbunden. Durch weitere Klimaschutzmaßnahmen und ein zunehmendes Umweltbewusstsein steigen die energetischen Anforderungen an Wohn- und Gewerbeimmobilien. Die besonders für Deutschland ungünstige demografische Entwicklung bedingt eine weiter zunehmende Urbanisierung, bedingt durch Migration und Zuzug älterer Menschen in Städte, die künftig noch mehr altersgerechte Wohnungen und Pflegeeinrichtungen etablieren müssen. Hinzu kommen die steigenden Anforderungen aus der digitalen Transformation und einer Informationsgesellschaft, die sich mit Konnektivität, Schnelllebigkeit, Individualisierungstendenzen und veränderten Konsumgewohnheiten auseinandersetzen muss.
Verstärkt durch die Corona-Pandemie werden künftig auch neue Wohn- und Arbeitsformen in Quartieren erwartet, verbunden mit der Forderung nach bezahlbarem Wohnraum. Ferner bringt die hohe Anzahl potenzieller Anspruchsgruppen, wie zum Beispiel Baugemeinschaften, Gewerbe-, Handels-, Produktions- und Dienstleistungsunternehmen, Stadtplanung, Bürgerschaft, Kommunalverwaltung, ÖPNV etc. eine steigende Komplexität bei Planung, Steuerung und Umsetzung von Quartiersprojekten hervor. Nicht zuletzt auch die angespannten öffentlichen Haushalte zahlreicher Kommunen erfordern privatwirtschaftliche Lösungen, um den dynamischen Struktur- und Gesellschaftswandel innovativ und nachhaltigkeitsorientiert mit zu gestalten
Fostering Lab-Based Learning with Learning Analytics - a literature review
No full textDigital learning environments, such as online laboratories offer many opportunities for collecting data for Learning Analytics (LA). Thisarticle presents a systematic literature review for LA in laboratory based learning environments for Higher Engineering Education, which yielded 23 key references. The focus of the study was formed by the following research questions (RQ): What types of data are currently collected in online laboratories (RQ 1)? How is LA used to support learning and teaching processes as well as the design of the online-laboratory environment (RQ 2)? What design recommendations for the use of LA in laboratory-based learning environments can be derived (RQ 3)? The gained results show that LA can be used to provide feedback for simple as well as for complex learning processes in online laboratories. Moreover, it assists data-informed decision making for teaching and learning processes as well as for the design of the lab environment. Implications for future research projects were derived based on the findings and should contribute to the advancement of research on LA in online laboratorie
A GIS-based simulation and visualization tool for the assessment of gully erosion processes
No full textGully erosion is known to affect soil productivity, and to limit land use in many parts of the world. To assess the susceptibility of soils to gully erosion, the triggering factors must be analyzed. A simulation of gully development over time was implemented in Python – GIS modules based on the topographic characteristics of the study area, soil properties, and measured runoff. The results show that the developed modules allow a successful data preparation, process simulation and spatial visualization of the obtained results in 2D and 3D as well as an analysis of time series of gully evolution
The confidence-accuracy relation – A comparison of metacognition measures in lie detection
No full textPrevious research has produced mixed results on the question of whether confidence in ad hoc veracity judgments can be used as an indicator of judgment accuracy. These studies have used a variety of measures to analyze the confidence-accuracy relationship; however, they have rarely explicitly addressed why a particular measure was chosen and what its properties are. We theoretically and empirically examined previously used measures of metacognition in lie detection and report the results these measures yielded in re-analyses of 12 lie detection studies (total N = 2817 participants). Regardless of the measure, none of the studies found a confidence-accuracy relationship. Discrepancies between the measures are likely due to conceptual differences between them, emphasizing the importance of carefully selecting appropriate measures for the research question at hand. More work on the underlying processes of confidence judgments in lie detection is needed to improve the assessment of confidence and the selection of appropriate measures
coLLab – Low-Tech trifft Innovation bei einer Aufstockung und Sanierung mit einer OPV-Fassade
No full textIm Rahmen des SDE 21/22 entwickelt das interdisziplinäre Team „coLLab” der Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart (HFT) ein ganzheitliches und übertragbares Konzept für die Aufstockung und Sanierung eines Bestandsgebäudes auf dem Campus der Hochschule in der Stadtmitte von Stuttgart. Dabei handelt es sich um einen für die Nachkriegszeit typischen Stahlbeton-Skelettbau mit Verwaltungsnutzung aus den 1950er Jahren. Im Sinne hoher Übertragbarkeit und einer möglichst günstigen Gesamt-Ökobilanz kommt eine leichte Holzkonstruktion zum Einsatz. Für den Wettbewerbsbeitrag werden außerdem Low-Tech Konzepte mit innovativen Technologien und Methoden kombiniert. Dies wird insbesondere an der Fassade des Entwurfs durch den Einsatz von organischen Photovoltaikzellen (OPV) und einem Solarkamin sichtbar, auf deren Integration und Funktionsweise in diesem Bericht eingegangen wird
Overview of 5G-oriented Positioning Technology in Smart Cities
No full text5G technologies promise improved features for positioning accuracy for smart city use cases in indoor and outdoor environments.
This paper presents an overview of the existing positioning technologies and their accuracy, as well as the potential role of 5G to enhance the development of enabled use cases in smart cities. Therefore, based on the specifications of each use case, the author
analyzes and discusses the impacts and roles of 5G features on the emerging positioning methods. Furthermore, solutions were suggested to improve the development of 5G-based use cases in smart cities
Evaluation of Crowd-Sourced PM2.5 Measurements from Low-Cost Sensors for Air Quality Mapping in Stuttgart City
No full textExposure to particulate matter (PM) pollution poses a major risk to the environment and human health. Monitoring PM pollution is thus crucial to understand particle distribution and mitigation. There has been rapid development of low-cost PM sensors and advancement in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) that has led to the deployment of the sensors by technology-aware people in cities. In this study, we evaluate the stability and accuracy of PM measurements from low-cost sensors crowd-sourced from a citizen science project in Stuttgart. Long-term measurements from the sensors show a strong correlation with measurements from reference stations with most of the selected sensors achieving Pearson correlation coefficients of r > 0.7. We investigate the stability of the sensors for reproducibility of measurements using five sensors installed at different height levels and horizontal distances. They exhibit minor variations with low correlation of variation (CV) values of between 10 and 14%. A CV of ≤10% is recommended for low-cost sensors. In a dense network, the sensors enable extraction pollution patterns and trends. We analyse PM measurements from 2 years using space-time pattern analysis and generate two clusters of sensors that have similar trends. The clustering shows the relationship between traffic and pollution with most sensors near major roads being in the same cluster
How Innovative Mobility Can Drive Sustainable Development: Conceptual Foundations and Use Cases Using the Example of the iCity Ecosystem for Innovation
No full textEconomy and society today face a multitude of complex challenges (“grand challenges”) like climate change, demographic change, urbanization, or digitalization, which create a constant demand for new technologies, services, business models, and consequently innovative solutions. In this light, the mobility sector has undergone a great change over the past few years, which is formed by digital technologies on a large scale. Against this background, this article will demonstrate, based on the example of the iCity research project, to what extent the research design of transdisciplinary living labs can serve as a basis for the development of innovative and sustainable mobility solutions. At the same time, the influence of digitalization which plays a major role in developing real implementable solutions for such challenges will be examined
Storing and Visualising Dynamic Data in the Context of Energy Analysis in the Smart Cities
No full textThere is increased activity in developing workflows and implementations in the context of urban energy analysis simulation based on 3D city models in smart cities. At the University of Applied Sciences Stuttgart (HFT Stuttgart), an urban energy simulation platform called ‘SimStadt’ has successfully been developed. It uses the CityGML 3D city model to simulate the heat demand, photovoltaic potential, and other scenarios that provide dynamic simulation results in both space and time dimensions. Accordingly, a tool for managing dynamic data of the CityGML models is required. Earlier, the CityGML Application Domain Extension (ADE) had been proposed to support additional attributes of the CityGML model; however, there is still a lack of open-source tools and platforms to manage and distribute the CityGML ADE data efficiently. This article evaluates and compares alternative methods to manage dynamic simulation results of the 3D city model and visualise these data on the 3D web-based smart city application, including the use of SimStadt web services, databases, and OGC SensorThings API standard
Entwicklung und Validierung eines Finite-Elemente-Modells für ein Abwasserrohr
No full textAbwassersysteme gehören zu den problematischsten
Lärmquellen in Gebäuden. Bei Wasserdurchfluss durch das
Rohr wird dieses zu Schwingungen angeregt. Dadurch kommt
es zu einer Körperschallübertragung über die
Befestigungspunkte in die angekoppelten Wände (und ggf. in
Decken) und in Folge zu einer Luftschallabstrahlung in
Wohnräume. Die Luftschallübertragung kann insbesondere
bei gut entkoppelten Abwassersystemen ebenfalls eine Rolle
spielen. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes der HFT Stuttgart
wird die gesamte Übertragungskette eingehend analysiert. In
dieser Arbeit wird lediglich das Rohr betrachtet und
untersucht, ob die Schwingungen des Rohrs mit Finite-
Elemente-Berechnungen bestimmt werden können. Hierzu
wurden Messungen an einem frei aufgehängten Abwasserrohr
durchgeführt. Die Messungen werden dazu verwendet, die für
die Simulation benötigten Materialparameter (z.B. den
Verlustfaktor) zu überprüfen und die Simulationsergebnisse
zu validieren