HFTor - HfT Open Repository (Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart)
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Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart coLLab Stuttgart : Aufstockung und Sanierung Campusgebäude Bau 5 Stuttgart
No full textInterpersonal and Technology-Based Trust Research: Gaps and Opportunities for Research and Practice
No full textTrust is something we encounter every day in our personal lives, but it becomes increasingly important in technology-based transactions because traditional interpersonal trust factors cannot be applied as usual. The last “special issue” on trust in the IS research literature appeared in 2008. Given the lead time associated with published research, the studies that were reported in that special issue occurred just prior to the introduction of the first iPhone, when Facebook was in its infancy, and several years prior to the introduction of digital currency or AI-based assistants such as Siri and Alexa. Much has changed since then. A comprehensive review of trust research, from both a non-technology and a technology perspective, provides an opportunity to identify gaps and opportunities for research and practice. Because trust is a very complex construct, we first review the term, the boundaries between it and IT trust, and the history of non-technology-based trust. This review is organized in the context of personal, professional, and organizational relationships, looking at initial trust and the long-term evolution of trust. Next, an overview of existing technology-based trust studies published in MIS Quarterly, Information Systems Research, and other IS research outlets is provided. Finally, we identify where research and practical gaps and opportunities exist for future technology-based trust studies by balancing acquired and practical relevance
Is It the Judge, the Sender, or Just the Individual Message? Disentangling Person and Message Effects on Variation in Lie-Detection Judgments
No full textResearch suggests that people differ more in their ability to lie than in their ability to detect lies. However, because studies have not treated senders and messages as separate entities, it is unclear whether some senders are generally more transparent than others or whether individual messages differ in their transparency of veracity regardless of senders. Variance attributable to judges, senders, and messages was estimated simultaneously using multiple messages from each sender (totaling more than 45,000 judgments). The claim that the accuracy of a veracity judgment depends on the sender was not supported. Messages differed in their detectability (21% explained variance), but senders did not. Message veracity accounted for most message variation (16.8% of the total variance), but other idiosyncratic message characteristics also contributed significantly. Consistent with the notion that a (mis)match between sender demeanor and veracity determines accuracy, lie and truth detectability differed individually within senders. Judges primarily determined variance in lie-versus-truth classifications (12%) and in confidence (46%) but played no role regarding judgment accuracy (< 0.01%). This work has substantial implications for the design and direction of future research and underscores the importance of separating senders and messages when developing theories and testing derived hypotheses
5G-enhanced Positioning Accuracy in Smart City
No full textThe new 5G mobile network promises to enhance existing services or include new ones to address key challenges presented by smart city stakeholders (citizens, municipalities, politics, industries, architects, etc.) to improve system implementations. These challenges cover various smart city fields such as transportation, environmental monitoring, healthcare, industrial automation, smart grid, etc. Thus, the main objective of 5G functionalities is to provide solutions to the various identified needs, which are defined as constraints and requirements. Therefore, three categories of 5G-based use cases have been defined: Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC), and Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (uRLLC). Each group involves a set of use cases and characterized by specific technical features that address the corresponding needs. However, accurate and real-time positioning information is a vital requirement common to all three categories, but the degree of performance varies across scenarios and descriptions. Therefore, this work presents a summary of existing positioning technologies crossed with wireless technologies and smart city use cases to highlight the potential that will add accurate and real-time positioning to 5G capabilities. 5G promises decimeter accuracy in some critical use cases
Mess- und Automatisierungslösungen zur Verminderung von Methan und Lachgas auf Kläranlagen
No full textDas Thema Treibhausgase auf Kläranlagen gewinnt zunehmend
an Aufmerksamkeit. Der vorliegende Beitrag liefert Informatio-
nen zur laufenden Entwicklung geeigneter Messtechnik sowie
anhand von Forschungsprojekten Optionen zur betrieblichen
Verminderung von Lachgas-Emissionen mit Automatisierungslö-
sungen. Bisher ist kein Handlungsdruck für die Betreiber von ge-
setzlicher Seite her zu erkennen. Dennoch ist zu erwarten, dass
die Thematik in den nächsten Jahren immer mehr Fahrt aufneh-
men wird. Der fortschreitende Einsatz von Machine-learning-
und KI-Komponenten bringen im gleichen Maß neue Lösungs-
ansätze zur komplexen Fragestellung der gezielten „Vermeidung
von Treibhausgasemissionen“ hervor.Greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment plants are
a topic that is garnering growing attention. This article provides
information about the ongoing development of suitable
measurement technology and, based on research projects, op-
tions for the operational reduction of nitrous oxide emissions
with automation solutions. So far, the legislator is not exerting
any pressure for operators to take action. Nonetheless, it is to be
expected that this issue will gain more and more momentum in
the coming years. The growing use of machine learning and AI
components will equally deliver new solutions for the complex
issue of targeted avoidance of greenhouse gas emissions
Occlusion Screening using 3D City Models as a Reference Database for Mobile AR-Applications
No full textoai:opus.bsz-bw.de-hftor:23Creating an immersive Augmented Reality (AR) experience requires aligning the digital content with the real environment so that the digital content appears and interacts in a similar way to a real object. For that, the virtual object must persist in its position across sessions and be occluded completely or partly, depending on whether a real-world object is in the line of sight. This research makes use of the cutting-edge technology available in the field of AR/MR, the Microsoft HoloLens 2.0, where the in-device Time of Flight (ToF) camera is used to scan the environment to create a Spatial Map. The CityGML LOD1 model enriches the Spatial Map and, in addition, is used as an occlusion mask via a custom rendering pipeline. Spatial Anchors can be tracked using the Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) technique, used in conjunction with World Locking Tools to anchor the whole scene to the real-world coordinates. The developed occlusion effect is used in urban planning scenarios to introduce a new area design featuring a car-free environment. The proposed method is evaluated based on performance indicators, including frames per second (FPS) since it is highly correlated to user comfort. The findings of the users’ study demonstrate that the occlusion effect achieves its purpose since most of the participants reported enhancements in the depth perception and overall experience by enabling the occlusion screening
Acceptance of Electric Car Sharing in Rural Areas
No full textCar sharing helps promote new drive systems to early adopters, and its market share has grown continuously worldwide. However, in rural areas, car sharing still faces challenges, such as sparse populations. In urban areas, previous research has identified underlying factors in the use of car sharing. However, these findings are yet to be transferred to rural areas. Three different methodological approaches were applied in a rural municipality in southern Germany to better understand the acceptance of electric car sharing in rural areas. Firstly, a survey was conducted with 190 participants to provide an overview of underlying factors in the acceptance of electric car sharing. Secondly, interviews were conducted with 21 participants to obtain a deeper insight into these factors. Finally, a cocreation workshop was conducted with 17 participants to identify an electric car sharing model for rural areas. The results showed that performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, and facilitating conditions were the most important factors in the use of electric car sharing in rural areas, at least when presented at a conceptual level. Furthermore, an electric car sharing service with a station-based system and a service provider to distribute vehicles to stations across the municipality’s districts was voted as the most suitable model by participants. As the car sharing system was not yet implemented at the time of the survey, future studies should examine the underlying factors in the use of electric car sharing systems in rural areas at later stages of development. Moreover, the economic and technical viability of the developed electric car sharing service should be tested
Development of an interactive Web GIS application to simulate housing potential and demand
No full textOn 22.06.2021 the new law i.e., “Gesetz zur Mobilisierung von Bauland” (Baulandmobilisierungsgesetz) entered into force in Germany, enabling municipalities to give priority to building on inner-city open spaces at a higher building density. Especially for rural communities, where there are many underutilized properties and inner-city open spaces, there is great potential for redensification, which is addressed by the new legislation. Depending on the attractiveness of urban areas, many of the surrounding rural communities will experience an influx of population in the coming decades. The goal of this research work is to develop an interactive Web GIS application showing the housing potential and demand according to socio-demographic scenario for such a rural community. This application serves as a decision support system for the stakeholders i.e., the urban planning department of the
municipality to re-densify the urban structure in a sustainable way. This work helps to build up a comprehensive geodatabase including all relevant physical, ecological, economic, and social aspects, which further locates and quantifies the potential open spaces and buildings gaps being suitable for redevelopment. Here, the housing potentials are divided into different constructional realization categories, which can be used for a realistic urban planning. The analyzed and calculated results will be visualized in a Web GIS application where the user is able to query and edit on different urban development scenarios
Monitoring Tool for Improving Indoor Environment Quality and Performance Based on IoT Sensors: State of the Art and Concept
No full textIndoor temperature is one of the fundamental features of the indoor environment. It can be controlled with distributed IoT sensors, through wireless networks. It affects human indoor environment such as human thermal sensation, productivity at work, buildings’ quality, and several syndrome symptoms. In this study, we focus on the effects of the indoor temperature on the human work productivity and thermal sensation. Our research aims to develop an IoT monitoring tool to manage the challenges in smart buildings by extracting and processing relevant data. It proposes data analysis periodically and integrates newly generated data into the analytical cycle that allows improving human indoor environment
Iterative Mesh Modification Planning: A new Method for Automatic Disassembly Planning of Complex Industrial Components
No full textAutomatic disassembly planning for complex industrial products like vehicles checks the expandability of components already at early stages of design. For a fast computation of collision-free disassembly paths, sampling-based rigid body motion planning is used in the literature. However, in real-world scenarios there are circumstances that prevent the finding of plausible collision-free disassembly paths with these conventional motion planners. The most difficult problem is that many components have deformable fastening elements that are modeled in a relaxed state and often as a part of the rigid object. The fastening elements cause unavoidable collisions of the component with its environment along the actual disassembly path. In this paper, we present Iterative Mesh Modification Planning (IMMP). Given the information about fastening elements in advance, our method applies a controlled iterative process of geometric deformations and planning attempts to the component to be disassembled. With this process, we are able to disassemble the component from its installed position with a conventional rigid body motion planner taking fastening elements and also overpressure into account. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on real-world planning scenarios from the automotive industry