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Association of vitamin B12 deficiency in a dementia cohort with hippocampal atrophy on MRI
Full text link福井大学博士(医学)2025Background
Vitamin deficiencies have been reported to cause brain atrophy. Hippocampal atrophy has
been well reported in patients with dementia including Alzheimer’s disease.
Objectives
To investigate the association between hippocampal atrophy and vitamin deficiency
Design
Cross sectional study
Setting
Three sites in one country
Participants
Overall, 567 patients who visited an outpatient dementia clinic and underwent MRI-VSRAD
(Voxel-Based Specific RegionalAnalysis System for Alzheimer's Disease) were included in
this study.
Intervention
Patients with a hippocampal atrophy Z-score of < 2 were classified as normal (n = 323), and
those with a Z-score of ≥ 2 were diagnosed with hippocampal atrophy (n = 244).
Measurements
Vitamin B12, folic acid, vitamin B1, homocysteine, HbA1c, and creatinine levels were measured
and their association with hippocampal atrophy was assessed. Age, MMSE
(Mini Mental State Examination), and hippocampal atrophy were also evaluated.
Results
In the hippocampal atrophy group, the frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency was higher
(p < 0.022), MMSE score was lower (p < 0.0001), and age was higher (p < 0.0001) than that
in the normal group (Mann-Whitney U test). Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency (odds ratio, 3.46)
and low MMSE score (odds ratio, 2.24) had an increased risk of hippocampal atrophy.
Conclusion
Vitamin B12 deficiency was associated with hippocampal atrophy detected by VSRAD analysis.
Therefore, early vitamin B12 supplementation should be considered in patients with deficiencies
to reduce dementia risk.doctoral thesi
Large Asymmetric Spin-Scattering at Ferromagnet/Nonmagnetic Interfaces Predicted From First-Principles Methods
Full text linkFirst-principles methods based on DFT and multichannel Landauer formalism were first
conducted to reproduce the recent experimental spin-scattering asymmetry parameter, for
FM/NM (FM: Co, Ni81Fe19; NM:Pt). We show that originated from the spin-dependent
interface resistances due to spin-dependent interface potential barriers, demonstrating the
applicability of Barnás-Fert theory of scattering by interface potential step due to shifted
electronic bands of FM with respect to NM. This further confirms the experimentally observed
direct relationship of and spin-polarization of bulk FM. The methods are then used to predict
for other FM/NMs, where larger values of are found in FM:Fe, Co interfaces with NM: Ru,
Rh, Pd, Ag. The highest value of yet reported was found in Co/Ru.journal articl
Imperial Architecture and “WAKURA-GOBENDEN” (Imperial Rest House) in Nanao-city
Full text linkdepartmental bulletin pape
The Relationship between University Students' Emotional Attachment to Fukui Prefecture and Their Employment Locations through Kansei Analysis
Full text linkdepartmental bulletin pape
Lipid Composition-, Medium pH-, and Drug-Concentration-Dependent Membrane Interactions of Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, and Celecoxib: Hypothetical Association with Their Analgesic and Gastrointestinal Toxic Effects
Full text linkAmong nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ibuprofen, diclofenac, and celecoxib have
been frequently used in multimodal analgesia. Recent studies challenge the conventional
theory that they exhibit activity and toxicity by acting on cyclooxygenase selectively. We
compared their membrane interactions that may be associated with analgesic and
gastrointestinal toxic effects. Bio-mimetic membranes suspended in buffers of different
pH were prepared with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and
cholesterol to mimic neuronal membranes and with 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
to mimic gastrointestinal mucosae. The membrane interactivity was determined by
measuring fluorescence polarization. At pH 7.4, the drugs interacted with neuro-mimetic
membranes to decrease membrane fluidity at pharmacokinetically-relevant 0.5–100 μM.
Celecoxib was most potent, followed by ibuprofen and diclofenac. At pH 4.0 and 2.5,
however, the drugs increased the fluidity of 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine membranes
at 0.1–1 mM, corresponding to gastroduodenal lumen concentrations after administration.
Their membrane fluidization was greater at gastric pH 2.5 than at duodenal pH 4.0.
Low-micromolaribuprofen, diclofenac, and celecoxib structure specifically decrease
neuronal membrane fluidity, which hypothetically could affect signal transmission of
nociceptive sensory neurons. Under gastroduodenal acidic conditions, high-micromolar
ibuprofen, diclofenac, and celecoxib induce fluidity increases of membranous
phosphatidylcholines that are hypothetically associated with gastrointestinal toxic
effects, which would enhance acid permeability of protective mucosal membranes.journal articl
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Outcomes in Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Full text link【背景】新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）の流行は集中治療室 (intensive care unit, ICU) の入室患者の質を変化させた。その影響で，全ICU 入室患者の予後が変化したかを調べた。【方法】本研究は後ろ向き観察研究であり，2019 年 1 月から 2021 年 12 月までの期間に福井大学医学部附属病院 ICU で人工呼吸管理を要した603 名を対象とした。患者をCOVID-19 流行後と流行前の2 群に分け，ICU 入室期間や死亡率などを比較した。【結果】COVID-19 流行後の方が流行前に比べて病床利用率が低かった（44% vs. 54%）。流行後で，入室時の患者重症度スコア（Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score）は高かった（13vs. 11, p< 0.01）。ICU 入室期間に有意差はなかった (7 日 vs. 6 日, p= 0.06)。さらに死亡率は流行後の方が流行前よりも高かった（8.2% vs 4.0%, p = 0.049）。年齢，性別，重症度スコアを説明因子とした多変量解析から，患者の死亡率は流行後の方が流行前よりも有意に高かった（オッズ比 2.12，95%信頼区間 1.02 ‒4.42, p= 0.04）。【結語】人工呼吸を要する全ICU 入室患者において，COVID-19 流行と患者の予後不良とが有意に関連した。The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected the health care system globally. In the present retrospective observational study, we investigated the effects of the pandemic on patients who received intensive care unit (ICU) treatment. We included 603 consecutive patients who underwent mechanical ventilation in the ICU at University of Fukui Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. Patients were categorized into those admitted before (before-COVID-19 group) and those admitted after the COVID-19 pandemic (after-COVID-19 group). Results showed a lowerrate of ICUbed utilization in the after-COVID-19 group than that in the before-COVID-19 group (44% vs. 54%). The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores,severity of illness at ICU admission, was higher in the after-COVID-19 group than in the before-COVID-19 group (13 vs. 11, p < 0.01). Length of ICU stay was similar (7 daysvs. 6days,p= 0.06) and mortality was higher in the after-COVID-19 group than in the before-COVID-19 group(8.2% vs. 4.0%, p= 0.049). Multivariate analysis of covariant factors (age, sex, and severity of illness)showed significantly higher ICU mortality rates in the after-COVID-19 than that in the before-COVID-19 (odds ratio 2.12, 95% confidence interval
1.02 – 4.42, p = 0.04). The COVID-19 pandemic was significantly associated with patients’ prognosis, which suggests that ICU admission criteria used before the pandemic differed from those used after the emergence of this global health emergencydepartmental bulletin pape
Relationship between Disaster Prevention Awareness and Personality Traits of Japanese Elementary School Students
Full text link本研究の目的は小学生の性格特性と防災意識との関連を明らかにすることである。対象者はA県内小学校5・6年生であった。調査内容は性格特性として小学生用5因子性格検査40項目と防災意識の質問10項目であった。その結果5・6年生124名の調査協力が得られ未回答者を除外した117名を分析対象とした。児童の性格特性は協調性と統制性の2項目が基準の平均値よりも得点が高く他者への思いやりや責任感が強い集団であった。児童の防災意識は「自然災害は怖いと思いますか？」等の得点が高かった。また統制性は防災意識10項目のうち9項目で有意な正の相関関係と重回帰分析の結果、防災意識7項目の影響要因であった。統制性は性格特性5因子の中で最も防災意識に影響を与える特性であることが示された。今後は個人の強みを活用しながら より広範な防災に対する風土を醸成することが重要である。This study aims to clarify the relationship between elementary school students’ personality traits and disaster prevention awareness. The participants were fifth-and sixth-graders at an elementary school. The content of evaluation consisted of 40 items of a 5-factor personality test for elementary school students as personality traits, and 10 questions on disaster prevention awareness. In all, 124 fifth- and sixth-grade students participated in the survey, and after excluding non-respondents, 117 students were included in the analysis. Regarding the children’s personality traits, their scores on the two items of agreeableness and controllability were higher than the standard average values, indicating that the children had a strong sense of concern and responsibility for others. Regarding children’s disaster prevention awareness, the scores for such items as “Do you think natural disasters are scary?” were high. In addition, controllability showed a significant positive correlation with 9 of the 10 disaster prevention awareness items, and multiple regression analysis showed that it was an influencing factor for 7 disaster prevention awareness items. Controllability was shown to be the personality trait that most influenced disaster prevention awareness. In the future, it will be important to foster a broader culture of disaster prevention while leveraging individual strengths.departmental bulletin pape