Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science
Not a member yet
2104 research outputs found
Sort by
Comparative Study of Biosurfactant Production by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Using Various Carbon Sources
No full textSaccharomyces cerevisiae, a widely used and safe yeast in biotechnology, was evaluated for its ability to produce an environmentally friendly biosurfactant using various carbon sources. This study aimed to compare biosurfactant production from glucose, crude oil, olive oil, and cooking oil, addressing the gap in understanding the impact of insoluble carbon sources. Yeast was activated in YEPG broth and cultured in modified YEP medium with different carbon sources. The biosurfactant activity was assessed through surface tension reduction (ST) and oil spreading method (OSM). Results indicated that glucose did not significantly enhance biosurfactant production (60mN/m ST, 3mm OSM), while crude oil (50mN/m ST, 45mm OSM), olive oil (53mN/m ST, 40mm OSM), and cooking oil (54mN/m ST, 35mm OSM) significantly improved activity. The findings demonstrate that insoluble carbon sources are crucial for effective biosurfactant production by S. cerevisiae, with crude oil yielding the most active biosurfactant. This research highlights the potential of using oils to enhance biosurfactant production, providing insights for industrial applications
Formation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Cellulose Diacetate via Electrospinning
No full textThe study explores the production of nanofibers from cellulose diacetate (CDA) dissolved in acetone-water mixtures via electrospinning, with acetone-to-water ratios of 95:5, 92.5:7.5, and 90:10. It demonstrates the saponification of CDA nanofibers in potassium hydroxide to obtain cellulose II nanofibers, analyzed using IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Optimal conditions for electrospinning were identified with a 10% CDA solution in acetone containing 10% water, producing uniform nanofibers with diameters of 90–550 nm. Alkaline hydrolysis of CDA nanofibers yielded cellulose II nanofibers with an average diameter of 350–400 nm and improved crystallinity. These cellulose II nanofibers, with high swelling capacity and potential for applications in air filters and biodegradable medical materials, were characterized by their large surface area and mechanical properties. The findings offer insights into the processing parameters and potential uses of cellulose nanofibers, filling a knowledge gap in the efficient production and application of biodegradable nanomaterials
Next-Gen Cellulose Nanofibers from Cellulose Diacetate
No full textThis study explores the formation of cellulose nanofibers from cellulose diacetate (CDA) using electrospinning with acetone-water solvents in ratios of 95:5, 92.5:7.5, and 90:10. By employing saponification in an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution, cellulose II nanofibers were successfully obtained from CDA nanofibers. Comparative analyses using IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed distinct properties of CDA and cellulose II nanofibers. The electrospinning process required a solvent with volatility similar to water, leading to the selection of acetone-water mixtures. Electrospinning was conducted under specific conditions: voltage 22–25 kV, flow rate 10-15 µl/min, temperature 25–40°C, and a 10-15 cm electrode distance. Morphological characteristics were examined via SEM, while IR-Fourier spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction provided structural insights. Results indicated that acetone solutions with 5-10% water were optimal for producing CDA nanofibers. The study highlights the potential practical applications of cellulose II nanofibrous nonwovens in various fields, filling a knowledge gap in the efficient production of cellulose nanofibers from CDA
Characteristics of Deficit Disorders in Patients with Paranoid Schizophrenia
No full textThis study investigated the relationship between delusions of control and aberrant self-action recognition in schizophrenia. Delusions of control, where individuals feel that their actions are being controlled by external forces, are a prominent symptom of schizophrenia, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to determine if these delusions are linked to difficulties in attributing actions to oneself. A total of 6 patients with delusions of control, 18 patients without these delusions, and 29 healthy controls participated in an action recognition task. Participants performed movements with a virtual hand while experiencing random angular deviations and delays, then assessed whether the observed movements were their own. Results showed that both patient groups made more recognition errors, especially with temporal delays, than controls. Moreover, patients with delusions of control had significantly higher error rates with angular biases compared to both other groups. These findings suggest a specific impairment in the neural system for action attribution in schizophrenia patients with delusions of control, highlighting the need for targeted interventions
Eating Habits and Obesity in Baghdad Middle School Students
No full textObesity is a significant global public health issue with extensive health consequences, including being a major risk factor for insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, dyslipidaemia, and obstructive sleep apnoea. This study aims to determine the proportion of overweight and obesity among middle school students in Baghdad City and to examine the relationship between BMI, meal patterns, eating habits, and daily activity. Conducted from September 2023 to March 2024, this descriptive correlational study involved 360 students aged 12–15 years, selected using a convenience sampling technique. Measurements included BMI, weight, and height. Findings indicated that 26.6% of students were obese or overweight. Significant correlations were found between obesity and the consumption of sweets, soft drinks, and fast food, while eating fruits and participating in sports were inversely correlated with obesity. The study highlights the high rates of adolescent obesity in Baghdad City and underscores the need for public education through media and health facilities to address this growing concern. Further research should explore targeted interventions to mitigate obesity among adolescents
Socio-demographic-related Factors Associated with Types of Cesarean Sections among Mothers
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the socio-demographic-related factors associated with types of cesarean sections among mothers in Karbala city/ Iraq. The descriptive analytical study was conducted among two types of caesarian section (elective and emergency) in Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital in Karbala Governorate for the period of October 1st 2023 to February 20th 2024. The current research is centered on a cohort of mothers who have undergone caesarean sections, utilizing a non-probability sampling methodology. The study encompasses a total of 270 mothers. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed by applying descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The findings indicate 80.7% of mothers aged over 20, 83% with an education, and 83.4% unemployed. Monthly income was sufficient for 77.8%. Body mass index (BMI) showed 70.7% with a normal BMI and 29.3% classified as obese. The research found a significant correlation between maternal age and elective caesarean section, with mothers under 20 having a higher likelihood [OR=5.983; 95%CI; p=.000]. Education level also played a role, with uneducated mothers having a twenty times greater likelihood of elective caesarean section [OR=20.477; 95%CI; p=.000]. The research highlights the crucial stance of maternal age the likelihood of elective caesarean section delivery, particularly among mothers under 20 and the uneducated mothers having a higher chance. Policy makers and healthcare providers should be involved in creating intervention and education programs that can enhance pregnant women’s decision-making on maternal healthcare
Effect of Acupressure Technique on Constipation in Patients with Acute Phase of Stroke
No full textConstipation is actually a common problem after stroke, it can pose a significant risk to stroke survivors. The reasons for constipation after stroke can be multifactorial, including reduced mobility, changes in diet, and medications. The purpose of this study is to determine whether acupressure can improve bowel movement in patients with stroke. A quasi-experimental study was conducted from September 4, 2023, until June 9, 2024, at Imam Al-Hussein Medical City. A purposive sampling was used to enroll fifty-eight patients with stroke, who afterwards were allocated into intervention and control groups. For three days, patients in the intervention group were taught to apply acupressure technique, spending three minutes each day on the acupressure points of LI4, LI3, and SJ6. On the other hand, patients in the control group only received conventional therapy. The Wexner constipation questioner, the constipation assessment scale, and the sociodemographic and clinical data constituted the three elements of the study tool. Both a descriptive and inferential statistical procedures, such as the independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test, were employed to assess and establish the outcomes of the study. A p-value less than 0.05 was deemed to indicate statistical significance. At pre-test results showed that most patients in the control and intervention groups (92.9%) and (96.7%%) had severe constipation, whereas post-test results showed that 0.0% and 92.9% of patients in the intervention group had severe constipation. A significant difference at a p-value of 0.000 was found between the two-time assessment of intervention group after the application of acupressure technique. Acupressure technique was applied for 9 minutes, 3 minutes on each of LI4, LI3 and SJ6 acupressure points, twice a day for three days’ duration are effective methods for improving bowel movement in patient with strok
Outcomes of epilepsy and assessment of risk factors for patients
No full textBackground Epilepsy is a common and widely recognized neurological problem, but it tends to be poorly understood, misdiagnosed, and inadequately treated. Objective: Our study aimed to assess epilepsy findings and determine risk factors affecting patients with epilepsy. Patients and methods A total of 90 participating samples of epilepsy patients who have ages between 20 – 70 years were recruited. Patient data were collected randomly from different hospitals in Iraq through patient interviews and review of medical records. This study evaluated the outcomes of epilepsy patients in terms of pain rate and quality of life for patients who were followed for one year from the period July 2022 to July 2023. Furthermore, we conducted a logistic regression analysis of the risk factors affecting the outcomes of epilepsy patients. Results Our findings showed that patients who age (61 − 70) years which are the most class with 45.56% of cases, males had 54 cases and females had 36 cases, patients who have BMI > 30.5 were the highest, which include 36 cases, patients have hypertension with 59 cases, and diabetes with 24 cases, 50 patients had sleep duration within 8 - 10 hours and 40 patients had sleep disorder. In assessment of patients’ general health were excellent with 10 cases, very good/good with 24 cases, and fair/poor with 56 cases. Conclusion Older, single, and have sleep disorders are more likely to get epilepsy. Moreover, epilepsy risk is lower among those in very good general health
The Effect of Leaflets on the Knowledge of Posyandu Cadres About Infant and Young Child Feeding (PMBA) in the Working Area of Kampung Bali Health Centre Year 2024
No full textMore than 50% of deaths of children under five are due to malnutrition, and two-thirds of these are caused by inappropriate infant and young child feeding practices. Infant and young child feeding (IYCF) is one of the government's programmes to reduce child mortality and improve children's quality of life. Posyandu cadres are an important part of the health care system. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of leaflet media on the knowledge of posyandu cadres about feeding practices in infants and children. This type of research is quantitative research with a pre-experimental approach with one group pre-post design and the number of respondents in this study as many as 30 people who will be given a pre and posttest questionnaire of knowledge about feeding practices in infants and children. The results showed that leaflet media had an effect on increasing the knowledge of posyandu cadres about feeding practices in infants and children with a P-Value of 0.001. It is expected that posyandu cadres can use leaflet media to provide information to the community
Synthesis, Charactarizit and Evaluation of Bacterial Efficacy and Study of Molecular Substrates of Cobalt (II) Complex [Co (2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yloxy) acetohydrazide) (H2O) (Cl2)]
No full textDue to the importance of medical and biological cobalt complexes, in this research, a new complex of cobalt complexes was prepared [Co (2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yloxy)acetohydrazide)(H2O)(Cl2)] using 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yloxy)acetohydrazide as a basic alkand.the lycand was prepared from the reaction of the ester with aqueous hydrazine. , using physical techniques (color, melting point, Rf ) and spectral methods (FT-IR infrared spectrum, carbon-Proton NMR spectrum 1H-NMR , 13C-NMR, SEM & XRD) the correctness of the compositions of the prepared compounds was confirmed , and then the bioeffectiveness of the series of compounds was studied on two types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli), And the study of the molecular Docking of the complex and the ligand on Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria and the calculation of the binding energy and RMSD values