Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis is A Clinical Course of The Disease in The Identified Pregnancy
No full textPulmonary tuberculosis remains a significant global public health challenge, with growing prevalence among pregnant women, leading to increased concerns in obstetrics and infectious disease fields. In Uzbekistan, the incidence of tuberculosis in children has increased by 2.4 times over the past two decades, while pregnancy complicates the clinical management due to immunological changes and fetal vulnerability. Despite the known risks, limited data exist on the clinical presentation and outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis during pregnancy in regional contexts. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical course of pulmonary tuberculosis in pregnant women and assess associated complications. A retrospective analysis of 9 pregnant women revealed that 66.6% had unilateral lung involvement, 33.3% had infiltrative forms, and 88.8% had detectable Koch’s bacilli. Anemia was present in all patients, with 23% experiencing severe anemia. Cesarean section was required in four cases, and one pregnancy was terminated due to uterine bleeding. The study provides region-specific clinical insights into the manifestation of tuberculosis during pregnancy and its management under the DOTS program. Early detection, careful radiological evaluation, and timely obstetric intervention, including cesarean delivery, can significantly improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. The findings underscore the need for integrated approaches in managing tuberculosis in pregnancy, particularly in high-burden regions
МОРФОЛОГИЯ ПОЧКИ И БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ КРОВИ ПРИ ХИМИОТЕРАПИИ И ТОКСИЧЕСКОЕ ПОРАЖЕНИЕ ПЕЧЕНИ
No full textПри химиотерапии и поражениях печени образуется ряд веществ, небезразличных для организма и подлежащих удалению из него. Поэтому роль почек при химиотерапии и заболевании печени имеет особое значение: от их нормальной функциональной способности зависит своевременное выведение токсических продуктов. Нарушения обмена веществ (углеводного, белкового, липоидного) наблюдающиеся у этого рода больных, могут быть связаны с химиотерапии и поражением печени
DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF PATHOLOGICAL EDIRISM OF TEETH AMONG WORKERS
No full textRelevance of the study. Pathological tooth extraction is a polyethiological process that is accompanied by pathological changes in the dentition. Increased tooth hard tissue edging leads to impaired and brittle enamel and dentin tissue histogenesis, meaning that mineralization is not a complete dressing on enamel and dentin floors. As a result of this, the hard tissue of the tooth is resistant to chewing pressure, and pathological edging is rapid. Due to this, the normal shape of the teeth is disturbed, the stamens, the edges of the incision are loaded, the height of the tooth crown decreases. In the case of a strong exacerbation of pathological edirsia, only the root of the teeth will coalesce, the surface of which will be located on the surface of the edges of the gums. Dental hard tissue pathological editation in the form of a rapidly undergoing decompensator leads to functional and morphological changes in the face-jaw, chewing muscles, lower jaw of the chakra, moving to the border of enamel dentin
REFRACTIVE ERRORS AND THEIR MODERN DIAGNOSIS
No full textRefractive errors, such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, are the most common eye disorders. They can significantly impair the quality of life for patients, especially if not detected and treated in a timely manner. In this article, we will discuss modern methods of diagnosing refractive errors that help provide accurate determination of the degree and nature of these conditions. Special attention is given to automated diagnostic methods, such as computerized tomography, optical coherence tomography, and autorefraction
SENSITIVITY OF MICROORGANISMS TO LOCAL ANTIBACTERIAL PREPARATIONS USED IN PURULENT INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION IN CHILDREN
No full textIn pediatric surgery, purulent inflammation is one of the most common problems, accounting for 50% of all surgical conditions. The most promising area to address this need is local treatment of purulent wounds. Despite numerous studies devoted to surgical treatment of purulent inflammatory diseases of the orofacial region, many postoperative problems remain unresolved: inadequate wound management in the postoperative period may lead to progression of the inflammatory process and the need for repeated operations; secondary hospital infections, lack of bacteriologic control of wound secretions, and inadequate antibiotic therapy also prolong inpatient treatment
RESULTS OF LAPAROSCOPIC SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS FOR CORRECTION OF COMBINED SURGICAL PATHOLOGIES IN PATIENTS OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUNG AGE
No full textCurrently, in healthcare around the world, including Uzbekistan, the gold standard for surgical treatment of combined diseases of the abdominal organ proved to be simultaneous operations using endovideosurgical technologies. The purpose of this scientific work was to evaluate the effectiveness of simultaneous endovideosurgical operations in patients with combined diseases of the abdominal organs in adolescence and young adulthood
LIVER TISSUE DAMAGE BY EFFECT OF TEMOZOLOMIDE DRUG
No full textThe new drug, Temozolomide, has been promising in the treatment of malignant gliomas and other tumours. Temozolomide is a new class of imidazotetrazine second-generation medications spontaneously converted into the active alkylating agent under physiological conditions. Use 30 of male albino rats for this purpose, divided into 3 groups, consisting of 10 rats in each group. A physiologic solution (normal saline 0.9 percent) was injected in Group 1 (controls), the drug was given to group 2 for 50 mg/kg/b.w/weekly and drug was received in group 3 for 12 weeks, with 80 mg/kg/b.w/weekly. The animals were killed at the end of the dose; the liver was excised for histologica. Histological exam of Temozolomide group liver tissues showed that histopathological changes increased with the increased dose of the treatments compared with the control group such as shows chronic hepatic edema around blood vessels with fibrosis, As well as there is chronic hepatic edema around blood vessels with fibrosis. Hepatocyte necrosis with ballooning degeneration in hepatocyte. Analysis of DNA damage through the use of the comet assessment kit. This result of comet assay showed that damage in DNA of liver cells at 12 weeks of treatment with Temozolomide different doses in four parameters comet high, comet medium, comet low, and no damage. With 50 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg of Temozolomide groups increase in comet high, comet medium percentage, decrease in comet low, and no damage percentage. The result of the present study indicated that 50 mg/kg/b.w. and 75 mg/kg/b.w. doses of Temozolomide able to induce Male albino rats' DNA liver damage
Study of the Kinetics and Thermodynamic Parameters of Schiff Bases Derived from 4-Aminoantipyrin
No full textThe kinetic and thermodynamic properties of six well-known Schiff bases (A1, A3, A5, A6, A8, A12) derived from 4-aminoantipyrine and six different aromatic aldehydes were studied. The substituent on aldehydic ring of the compounds ranged from electron-withdrawing to electrondonating substituents, in addition to benzaldehyde itself. The hydrolysis kinetics of the Schiff bases revealed minimal disparity in their rate constant values. Faster rate of hydrolysis was observed in the case of (A5) comparing with the remaining compounds. The effect of an acidic pH on the hydrolysis process is in line with earlier research and studies, indicating that conducting the reaction in acidic or basic environments, as opposed to a neutral environment, speeds up the process. An investigation into the effect of temperature on the hydrolysis of the examined compounds revealed that the activation energy values for all compounds were quite low. This indicates that the reaction occursreadily and rapidly. The ΔG values indicated that the hydrolysis processes of the compounds under investigation did not proceed spontaneously, but were instead facilitated by the presence of a catalyst, specifically hydrogen and hydroxyl ions. The investigation verified the significance of the thermodynamic variables (∆H and ∆S) in regulating reaction rates. Additionally, the calculated negative entropy value suggests a probable formation of the activated active complex
Experimental Evaluation of a New Method for Achieving Aerostasis in Lung Surgery
No full textPostoperative air leakage-alveolo-pleural fistula, is one of the most frequent and insidious complications in thoracic surgery and the main limiting factor in early discharge of patients from the hospital. One of the directions of the search for means to reduce the risk of developing these complications is the development of new implants and methods of their application. In this regard, at the present time, it is necessary to continue the development of new biocompatible coatings and methods of their application. The article considers an experimental evaluation of a new method for ensuring tightness of sutures in lung surgery to reduce the risk of such manifestations as aerostasis failure. The essence of the technique consists in intraparenchymatous injection of a gel substance into the area of lung tissue damage. The biological reactions of tissues and the timing of gel resorption in lung tissue have been studied. This range of research is of fundamental importance for the new techniques created, while the main task is precisely to study the safety of intraparenchymatous use of a gel substance. In this aspect, the effectiveness and duration of aerostasis were evaluated in ex vivo and in vivo experiments. The conducted studies have established that 3.3% Hemoben gel injected into the lung parenchyma at a dose of 1 ml per 1 g does not have an irritating and toxic effect, and according to spectrophotometric studies, it is completely removed from the lung tissue within 7-10 days. At the same time, the proposed technique is characterized by the effectiveness and safety of application, and the results obtained make it possible to apply this method in clinical practice
Dynamics of Quality of Life in Patients with Combined Post-Burn Cicatricial Strictures of the Esophagus and Stomach
No full textPerformed diagnosis and treatment of combined post-burn scar constrictions of the esophagus and stomach depending on the stage of burn disease in 247 patients, men were 112 (45.3%) and women - 135 (54.7%) aged 18-73 years (mean age - 34.62±3.43 years). Patients of working age (19-59 years) prevailed - 235 (95.1%). Depending on the prevalence of esophageal and gastric lesions, based on the subjective assessment of the quality of life of the studied patients it is necessary to change the surgical tactics, so the prevalence of esophageal lesions definitely needs early treatment, for combined lesions without prevalence of gastric or esophageal lesions at the same nutritional status the terms of the burn disease do not matter, in case of combined post-burn scar constrictions of esophagus and stomach with prevalence of gastric lesions the surgical correction is effective also at any stage