Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science
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Prevalence of Pelvic Ring Fracture Detected by Radiographical Imaging
No full textThis study aimed to know the Prevalence of pelvic ring fracture detected by radiographical imaging. From 1237 fracture cases, One hundred ten MRI exams over the course of a three-year period from 2021, to 2023. Age, gender and presence of other diseases were recorded. Inclusion criteria included receiving radiography of the hip, pelvis, or femur in the emergency room, followed by diagnostic MRI of the hip or pelvis within one calendar day. All MRI and radiographic tests were carried out at a single special clinic. The current study showed that pelvic ring fractures were occurred at percentage 8.9 from all fracture cases, and the prevalence of ring fractures was more in elderly age groups more than 40 years. The present study showed that fractures were more prevalent in females than males. The results also showed that 101 (91.8%) patients were suffered from osteoporosis. In conclusion, the pelvic ring fractures were mostly prevalent in female than male especially in elderly patient
Нарушение Ритма И Проводимости У Больных Анкилозирующим И Псориатическим Спондилоартритом
No full textСердечно-сосудистые заболевания являются основной причиной смерти больных с анкилозирующим спондилитом (АС) и псориатическим артритом (ПсА) [1-4]. Показатели сердечно-сосудистой заболеваемости и смертности при АС и ПсА многократно превосходят популяционные значения, поэтому были разработаны Европейские рекомендации по особенностям наблюдения, лечения и оценки сердечно-сосудистого риска у больных спондилоартритами [1-5]. В указанных рекомендациях отмечено, что многие вопросы, касающиеся патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы при спондилоартритах, нуждаются в дальнейшей разработке
The Most Common Causes of Bacterial Ear Infections
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine the most prevalent bacteria in the ear secretion samples collected from probable otitis media patients in Basrah, Iraq. The results showed a significant relationship between age and the probability of middle ear infections. The most commonly isolated microbial species were seen to be Pseudomonas spp., Proteus spp., and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that S. aureus was the most common strain found in adults, while Pseudomonas spp. primarily affected the kids
Genotype of IL-1β Gene in Epilepsy Patients
No full textBackground; Epilepsy is caused by hyper excitability and an imbalance between excitation and inhibition, which results in seizures. Epilepsy is a highly common neurological disorder on a global scale, impacting approximately 50 million individuals as stated by the World Health Organization (WHO). It is identified as a neurological condition marked by repetitive seizures triggered by sudden surges in electrical activity within the brain. These seizures arise from abnormal discharges of neurons or the synchronized hyper excitability of neurons. However, various people experience these seizures at different rates. Based on the etiology, epilepsy is categorized into three categories: acquired, idiopathic, and epilepsy of genetic or developmental origin. The onset of idiopathic epilepsy starts in childhood, and it lacks any neurological symptoms. Idiopathic epilepsies include juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and childhood absence epilepsy, among others. Acquired epilepsy is linked to observable structural abnormalities in the brain. The causes of acquired epilepsy encompass various factors that occur during prenatal and infantile stages, cerebral trauma, tumors, infections, hippocampal sclerosis, cerebrovascular disorders, and disorders of the cerebral immune system. For instance, specific examples include viral meningitis, meningioma, cavernous hemangioma, cerebral infarction, and epilepsy triggered by open head surgery. The cause of cryptogenic epilepsy is uncertain. It can be challenging to determine the etiology among acute and distant factors. The 7.5 kb IL-1 gene has a distinct TATA box in its proximal promoter region 1, seven exons, and six introns. It is controlled by distal and proximal promoter elements. IL-1 is expressed as a 31-kDa inactive precursor, as is the case with the majority of the cytokines within the IL-1 family, mostly in response to inflammatory stimuli. A microbial product may serve as the stimulus, although cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-18, IL-1, and even IL-1 itself can trigger IL-1 transcription. Contrary to IL-1, which is present constitutively in healthy cells, IL-1 must first undergo a sequence of intracellular events before it may cause inflammation. Only a small subset of cell types, including tissue macrophages, blood monocytes, and dendritic cells.
Methodology: The study comprised 90 patients (51 male, 39 female) 50 epilepsy patient and 40 control, the patient and control who attended in Basra Teaching Hospital between November-2022 to March-2023 in Basrah, Southern Iraq. Apparently healthy people age range 2 to 62 years were considered as control groups in this study. IL-1b is examination by molecular processes (Nested PCR). This work was carried out at the College of Health and Medical Techniques' molecular biology laboratory.
Results: From the data provided, we can see that there is a difference in the AA, GG and GA genotypes between the patient group and the control group, this difference is represented by the p-value calculated as 0.0001. Also there is a statistically significant difference in genotype frequencies between the focal and generalized epilepsy.
Conclusions: In conclusion, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, particularly in the context of genetic susceptibility
The Clinicopathological Features of Breast Carcinoma Cases in Adiwaniyah Province in Iraq
No full textIn Iraq, invasive ductal carcinoma is common and the disease is frequently diagnosed in late stages making the prognosis of the tumor bad in a significant portion of affected women. The prognosis of breast cancer is determined by a long list of prognostic factors such as sage of the disease, grade of the disease, presence of lymphatic invasion, presence of distant metastasis, size of tumor, age of patients and many other characteristics. Treatment of the disease includes surgical removal, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and biological treatment. The treatment of disease depends on a number of modifying factors and of these factors is the immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and her2neu.
Aim of the study: The objective of the present cross sectional study was to give an account about estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and her2neu receptor immunohistochemical expression in Iraqi women with breast carcinoma in Adiwaniyah Province.
Materials and methods: Histopathological reports were retrieved from the archive of the central laboratories of Al Diwaniyah teaching hospital for the last 4 years. The duration of search was limited to the period January the 1st 2019 to January the 1st 2023. Information about clinical presentation, age, histopathological type, grade, number of lymph nodes, and immunohistochemical study were reported. Statistical description was based on reporting number, percentages, mean, range and standard deviation Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, Chicago, USA, IBM, version 26) was used to do statistical description and analysis and p ≤0.05 was the level of significance.
Results: The research included reports of 39 women with beast carcinoma having an age range of 25 -85 years and a mean age of 53.31 ±15.96 years. The mean size of tumor mass was 3.24 ±1.34 cm with a range of 0.5 -8 cm. The frequency distribution of patients according to molecular classification was as following: there were 16 cases (41 %) of luminal A group, 8 cases (20.5 %) of luminal B group, 8 cases (20.5 %) of HER2/neu group and 7 cases (17.9 %) of basal like group. There was no significant difference in mean age, mean sixe of tumor, mean number of lymph nodes and mean number of involved lymph nodes (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The most common molecular type was luminal A followed by luminal B and HER2/neu and lastly by basal like type. This molecular classification has no significant impact on clinicopathological characteristic of the disease
Method for Assessing Secondary Deformations of the Nose After Heilo Uranoplasty
No full textObviously, congenital anatomical anomalies that disrupt facial anatomy can cause cognitive and psychological consequences. In patients with cleft lip and palate, the consequences can be negative psychosocial changes, ranging from low self-esteem to the risk of social isolation
Prophylaxis of Dental Disease in Pregnant Women
No full textRelevance. Pregnant and lactating women, is one of the urgent medical and social problems awaiting solution. At the moment, dental health is one of the important factors that improve the quality of life of pregnant and lactating women. Today it is proved that the reduction in the incidence of dental diseases among pregnant women, women in labor and nursing women is inextricably linked with the quality of life. Therefore, studying the degree of occurrence of dental diseases in this contingent, improving their treatment and prevention by identifying risk factors, on the basis of which a significant reduction in the incidence of dental diseases is achieved, is important for the health of mothers and children
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ ПРИ ОЧАГОВЫХ МИОКАРДИТАХ
No full textАктуальным является системный анализ проблем, связанных с очаговым миокардитом у беременных: особенностей клинической картины, акушерских и перинатальных исходов, а также поиск факторов риска тяжелого течения и его осложнений у беременных, которые позволили бы своевременно проводить необходимые лечебные мероприятия
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ КАРДИОРЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ОСТРЫМ ИНФАРКТОМ МИОКАРДА В УСЛОВИЯХ САНАТОРИЯ
No full textНаучный подход к изучению патогенеза инфаркта миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST явился обоснованием к разработке различных методов лечения. Они включают в себя инвазивные – коронарографию (КАГ), чрескожные коронарные вмешательства (ЧКВ) и медикаментозные методы лечения. Оптимальной стратегией реперфузии у больных инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST по данным электрокардиографии следует считать проведение коронарографии с последующим проведением первичного чрескожного коронарного вмешательства в виде установки коронарных стентов. ЧКВ, выполненное в ближайшие 120 минут с момента начала болей, имеет большие преимущества перед тромболитической терапией, включая риск смерти и рецидива инфаркта миокарда. На современном этапе лечения больных с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями существует единое мнение, что только интервенционных вмешательств и медикаментозного лечения недостаточно. Неотъемлемым компонентом медицинской помощи пациентам с сосудистыми катастрофами является кардиореабилитация. Так, вследствие прогрессирования склероза артерий через 1 год и 5 лет после хирургического вмешательства частота развития сердечно-сосудистых осложнений составляет 12,4% и 26,9% от общего количества пациентов, смерти – 3,5% и 5,4%, инфаркта миокарда – 3,3% и 7,3%, повторных хирургических вмешательств – 5,9% и 12,8% соответственно. В 3 случаях из 4 атеросклероз повреждает нешунтированные артерии сердца [4]. Программы кардиореабилитации обязательно включают в себя систематические физические тренировки [5]. Cochrane обзор Anderson L. С. et al. (63 исследования, включало 14 486 случаев, наблюдение в течение года), выполненный в 2016 г., показал, что у пациентов после перенесенного инфаркта миокарда, чрескожного коронарного вмешательств или коронарного шунтирования, получавших кардиологическую реабилитацию с физическими тренировками, реже регистрируются повторные госпитализации и на четверть уменьшается относительный риск развития смерти от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний [6]
Аспекты Распространённости Хронической Сердечной Недостаточности
No full textНами в нашей работе отражены аспекты распространённости хронической сердечной недостаточности на основе литературного анализа, что является актуальным вопросом в современной медицине