Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science
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Comparison among Vitamin D Levels in Associate with PCOS Variables in Women
No full textVitamin D deficiency is a condition that has been linked to an amplified hazard of acquiring Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in females. The objective of this investigation was to look at vitamin D deficiency in women with PCOS, also to see if there is a physiological function and effect on some of the bio-chemical indicators and the interaction between them. In this case study, there are two groups:80women with PCOS plus20normal women as a healthy controls. Serum hormonesFSH,LH,EstrogenE2,and Testosterone plus serum vit.D were measured in wholly research members using contemporary biochemical procedures. The results reveled that serum vit.D were significantly minor in patients by PCOS P = 0.00005compared with control group. The serum concentration of vit.D was meaningfully inferior in obese women with PCOS compared with non-obese women, meanwhile, concentrations of serum vit.D were shown to be favorably linked with(BMI),(P = 0.03).In conclusions, when compared to healthy women, there was no significant increase in the average stages of FSH,LH,andE2 in any group of PCOS women. In addition, the concentration of vit.D was substantially positively associated with the age of women with PCOS and BMI, not find any correlation between serum vit.D concentration with infertility duration,FSH,LH,E2,and Testosterone hormones in both women with PCOS and the group’s control, and the study not find any correlation between serum vit.D concentration with infertility duration, FSH, LH, E2,and Testosterone hormones in both women with PCOS and the control group .Vitamin D deficiency is common in PCOS women in Iraq. Especially in those with a high BMI. its impact on hormonal regulation may be limited
Identifying the Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase in Acinetobacter Baumannii From Wounds
No full textExtended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes encoded by mobile genes that confer resistance to many antibiotics by hydrolyzing cephalosporins and penicillins. Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria like Acinetobacter baumannii, which can produce ESBLs, pose significant treatment challenges and are linked to increased morbidity and mortality. However, data on ESBL-producing A. baumannii in clinical specimens remains limited. This study aimed to identify A. baumannii isolates from clinical samples and assess their antibiotic resistance, particularly ESBL production. One hundred clinical specimens collected between October 2023 and May 2024 were cultured and analyzed using biochemical assays. Sixteen A. baumannii isolates were identified, with only two producing ESBLs. These ESBL-producing isolates showed high resistance to multiple antibiotics, including amoxicillin (100%) and cefotaxime (87.5%). The findings highlight the critical need for vigilant infection control and antibiotic stewardship to prevent the spread of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii in clinical settings
Handwriting Recognition through Neural Networks: Enhancing Accuracy and Performance
No full textThis research aims to develop an advanced handwriting recognition system by integrating convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with transformer architectures, targeting the enhancement of recognition accuracy across diverse handwriting styles, languages, and distortions. The primary objective is to address the inherent challenges of handwriting variability, noise, and complex spatial dependencies, which are critical to improving both the performance and robustness of automated text recognition systems. The methodology involved training a hybrid model on a large, diverse dataset of handwritten text images. The CNN component was utilized for low-level feature extraction, such as identifying character edges and shapes, while the transformer architecture focused on capturing long-range dependencies and spatial relationships using self-attention mechanisms. Preprocessing techniques, including image augmentation, binarization, noise reduction, and skew correction, were applied to standardize the input data and improve the model's ability to generalize across different handwriting styles and orientations. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in recognition accuracy compared to traditional CNN-only models, particularly in handling complex scripts and distorted input. The model achieved high precision and recall, with an F1-score indicating its ability to accurately recognize characters and words even in challenging contexts. The hybrid approach not only enhanced resilience to noise and variations but also reduced computational overhead, offering a scalable solution for real-world handwriting recognition tasks in diverse languages and applications
Real-time Smoke Detection with AI-Based Sensor Fusion
No full textA Fire Alarm System is sensitive to smoke, fire, carbon monoxide (CO2), or general notification emergencies. This research paper, previous experimental data were collected to develop artificial intelligence (AI) models as an indicator of fire that detects smoke. Binary Classification 1 means Positive (fire), and zero means Not Positive (no fire). It was evaluated based on twelve input parameters related to indoor and outdoor environments. This task evaluated three different classifiers: Decision Tree Classifier (DTC), Random Forest Classifier (RFC), and Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC). The results indicated that every model was giving 99.99% accuracy. A smoke detection device can be designed according to the highaccuracy AI models validated in the current study
ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ЖЕЛЧНОГО ПЕРИТОНИТА КАК ОСЛОЖНЕНИЕ ОСТРОГО ДЕСТРУКТИВНОГО ХОЛЕЦИСТИТА
No full textЖелчный перитонит, как осложнение острого деструктивного холецистита составило 7,1% и чаще всего (35,2%) развилось у больных пожилого возраста. По механизму развития в 67,1% наблюдался пропотной желчный перитонит с отсутствием патогномоничных признаков катастрофы в брюшной полости
EVALUATION AND TREATMENT OF PB, CD, AND NI BY USING FOUR WATER PLANTS BELONGING TO (CERATOPHYLLUM SPP.) FOR WASTEWATER IN TIKRIT TEACHING HOSPITAL
No full textFour species of Ceratophyllum (Ceratophyllum demersum, Ceratophyllum echinatum, Ceratophyllum muricatum, and Ceratophyllum submersum) were exposed to high concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Ni in a water growing solution to determine their suitability for phytoremediation. All administered heavy metals had very poor translocation ratios to upper plant parts; as a result, metal uptake was restricted to the roots, especially Pb. The amount of metal in the nutrient solution and the genus of the water plants affected the species' capacity to extract and translocate Pb, Cd, and Ni. Comparing the examined species to comparable irrigation trials in the scientific literature, we find that their capacity to accumulate Cd in leaves is among the highest ever recorded. It was established which root development was preferable when encouraged by Cd. This species-specific reaction might be a component of a Cd resistance mechanism. The study showed a low level of dissolved oxygen and high concentrations of vital requirement for oxygen note that the level of DO decreases and BOD and COD increase annually due to the accumulation of pollutants in the river and the increase in population has been removed high levels of pollution with heavy metals using aquatic plants
PHAKIC INTRAOCULAR LENSES (PHIOL) IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH HIGH DEGREE MYOPIA
No full text40 operations of implantation of posterior chamber phakic IOL of RSC-3 model were performed in 20 patients (40 eyes) aged from 18 to 28 years. High visual acuity of 0.7-0.8 with correction was achieved on the 3-4 day after the operation. Refraction decreased to emmetropic. There were no complaints from the patients in the distant period. The method of phakic IOL implantation is characterised by accuracy and stability of refractive effect
FALL PREVENTION PROGRAM EFFECTS OLD AGE PERFORMANCE WITH OSTEOPOROSIS
No full textObjectives: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of fall prevention program on osteoporosis old age performance.
Methods: A quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design was used in the present study with the application of a pre-tests/ post-tests approach for the study group and control group. Non-probability (purposive) sample of (100) osteoporotic patients were selected from senior homes. The study sample in this research was divided into two groups; (50) osteoporotic patients for the study, which were exposed to the health instructional program, and (50) osteoporotic patients for the control group.
Results: This study reveals that the level of total performance among participants towards the prevention of falls reveals that most osteoporotic patients had a low performance level in preventing falls (96%) at pre-test results. The post-test results indicate that all osteoporotic patients in the study group had a high level of performance in preventing falls (100%), while the osteoporotic patients in the control group had a low level of performance in preventing falls for the pretest and post-test. The effectiveness of instructional program on fall prevention performance, the results refer to highly significant difference among osteoporotic patients' performance in the study group at p-value= 0.00 respectively, and there is no significant difference among osteoporotic patients' performance in the control group at p-value= 0.05 respectively, Also the effectiveness of instructional program on fall prevention performance.
Conclusion: The instructional program is effective in improving performance levels. This study suggests further research on a larger sample should be carried out to estimate the incidence of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures related to falls in Iraq and induce the practical application of the instructions, precautions, management methods, preventive measurements, and monitoring its impact on the long-term lifestyle of the seniors with osteoporosis
A Study on the Prevalence of Diabetes in Thi-Qar City
No full textDiabetes is one serious life disorder whose incidence is rising worldwide. The study was designed to examine the prevalence of 100 patients with diabetes mellitus. Over a period of time, we collected data for patients from Al-Hussein Education Hospital and the Special Centre for Diabetes in Thi-Qar from February 2023 to February 2024, which has been studied according to age, residential area, and sex. According to the study, the risk of developing diabetes increases with age, particularly if the person is losing weight and eating a poor diet. Diabetes becomes more common as people age and become obese. The study also found that the percentage of cases of men with diabetes increases a little more than in women and for different factors. As for the geographical distribution, it was found that urban logicians spread the disease at a higher percentage than in rural areas because of population distribution and other economic factors
Investigating the Concentration of Heavy Elements in Soils from Thi-Qar Governorate
No full textHeavy metals are widely recognized as environmental contaminants owing to their toxicity, enduring presence in the environment, and ability to accumulate in living organisms. These metals originate from natural sources such as the breakdown of rocks containing metal deposits and volcanic eruptions. However, human activities such as transportation, waste management, industrial development, and various social and agricultural practices greatly contribute to environmental pollution and affect the overall global ecosystem. Heavy metals (HMs) are among the most dangerous toxicants because they enter the soil via multiple mechanisms and accumulate in the food chain. Toxic metal pollution has increased dramatically from the beginning of the industrial revolution. This study was conducted to determine the levels of contamination of the soil of Thi Qar Governorate, located in southern Iraq, with heavy metals including lead, cadmium, Zinc, and copper during September and October for the years 2023-2024. The study contained modelling and analysis of nine soil samples from the Eredo, Al-Husaynat, Al-Arja, Al-Khamisiya Al-Bathaa, Suq Al-Shuyoukh, Al-Shatrah, Al-Rifai, and Al-Chibaish districts. The heavy metal measurement levels were in the following range: Pb (73 -2.5 ppm), Cd (13.3-0.016 ppm), Zn (42-8.1 ppm), and Cu (26-4 ppm). The concentration of the metals in the soil samples varied according to the following trend: Pb>Zn>Cu>Cd. The findings indicated that the soil in the Eredo area, Al-Arja, and Al-Husaynat districts is contaminated with lead and cadmium, exceeding the globally permitted limits for uncontaminated soil