Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science
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Assessment of Renal and Liver Function Tests and Correlations With Quality of Life in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Karbala City Iraq
No full textThe number of individuals afflicted with diabetes has increased dramatically this century. Quality of life in relation to health is subjective and varies from person to person based on their own history of experiences, perspectives, assumptions, and values. A person's emotional, psychological, and social health are all affected by these things. It is important for healthcare providers to understand the societal, psychological, and physiological impacts of long-term conditions like diabetes. More and more people are living with type 2 diabetes, a chronic metabolic disease that has a major influence on people's daily lives. Complications decrease patients' quality of life and raise the likelihood of negative outcomes such emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and death, which in turn effect healthcare spending and the sustainability of services. Objectives: This study aims to examine the correlation between quality of life and renal and liver function tests in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to assess renal and liver function tests and correlation with quality of life in 200 people suffering from type 2 diabetes. The quality of life as it pertains to one's health was measured using the Arabic numeral 8. The assessment was conducted using a 5-point Likert scale, where responses could be given on a scale from 1 to 5. A lower score indicates good quality of life assessment because the scales are flipped for each part. Results: Overall, high creatinine significantly affected HRQoL in patients with diabetes, with patients' mean scores in all HRQoL domains being significantly higher (P < 0.001) than controls (P value = 0.02 < 0.05). We also found a highly significant correlation between alkaline phosphate and quality of life scores (p value = 0.008 < 0.01). Conclusions: there is a significant correlation between creatinine and quality of life ahigh concentration of creatinine lead to significantly lower health-related quality of life in various domains .in respect to liver function tests we obtained a highly significant correlation between alkaline phosphate and quality of life.  
Evaluation of Some Physiological Parameters of Spontaneous Abortion Patients in Karbala Government
No full textSpontaneous abortion (SA), a common complication of early pregnancy, is influenced by various hormonal and biochemical factors, yet the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the hormonal and biochemical factors associated with SA, addressing the need for a deeper understanding of these associations. A case-control study was conducted between November 2023 and February 2024, involving a purposeful sample of seventy women diagnosed with SA, recruited from fertility centers and the Gynecology and Obstetrics Teaching Hospital in Karbala province, Iraq. Data collection involved an interview-based questionnaire covering personal, menstrual, obstetrical, medical history, and other potential risk factors, along with blood samples from both the SA group and healthy controls. The results revealed no significant differences in demographic characteristics between the SA and control groups (p > 0.05). However, significant reductions in progesterone, avB3, and E-Cadherin levels were observed in the SA group compared to the controls (p < 0.05). Additionally, a positive correlation was identified between progesterone and E-Cadherin (r = 0.072 and r = 0.34, respectively), and between avB3 and E-Cadherin (r = 0.324). These findings suggest that decreased levels of progesterone and avB3, along with an altered concentration of E-Cadherin, are strongly associated with SA and may contribute to its occurrence. This study highlights the potential role of these hormonal and biochemical markers in the pathogenesis of SA, offering insights that could inform future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the risk of SA
Association of Obesity with Infertility in Infertile Women in Baghdad
No full textObesity is becoming a fast growing health problem across the world. It leads to alterations in reproductive functions and menstrual irregularities especially chronic anovulation and infertility. Obesity leads to hyperinsulinemia and consequent ovarian hyperandrogenism. To assess the association of females obesity with infertility and related menstrual abnormality This study was cross- sectional study performed at Kamal Alsamaraee Infertility Treatment and In Vitro Fertilization Hospital in Baghdad. The educational level and the type of infertility showed a significant difference in BMI levels, being illiterate had higher means of BMI compared to those of post graduate education, being of secondary infertility showed higher means of BMI. This study also demonstrated a positive; highly significant correlation of both fasting blood sugar and HOMA-IR levels with BMI of infertile women
Penicillin: The Magic Drug
No full textThis study explores the ongoing development of penicillin antibiotics, which remain crucial for combating bacterial infections due to their low toxicity, broad distribution, and bactericidal properties. The emergence of penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus strains prompted the creation of methicillin and oxacillin, while aminopenicillins like ampicillin are now widely used against Gram-negative bacteria. Despite advances, the need for penicillins effective against Enterobacteriaceae remains a significant challenge. The research aimed to develop an ideal penicillin with high bioavailability, resistance to β-lactamases, strong bactericidal activity, low toxicity, and high affinity for penicillin-binding proteins. Results highlight progress in achieving these objectives, with implications for improving treatments against resistant bacterial strains
Comparative Analysis of Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) in Prostate Cancer: Accuracy, Duration, Side Effects, and Costs
No full textThis study offers a comparative analysis of 3D Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) in prostate cancer treatment, focusing on treatment accuracy, duration, side effects, and costs. While VMAT demonstrates greater precision by delivering targeted radiation with minimal impact on surrounding tissues, 3D-CRT has been a widely used option due to its lower costs. However, VMAT's faster treatment sessions, reduced side effects, and potential long-term cost savings present significant advantages. This study addresses the knowledge gap regarding the trade-offs between the two methods by analyzing clinical outcomes and economic impacts. The findings suggest that although VMAT requires higher initial investment, it enhances treatment efficiency and patient outcomes, potentially justifying the costs. The study highlights VMAT’s potential to reduce long-term healthcare burdens associated with prostate cancer treatment
РЕСПИРАТОРНО-ВИРУСНЫЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ (COVID-19) У БЕРЕМЕННЫХ И МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В ПЛАЦЕНТЕ
No full textРеспираторно-вирусные инфекции в процессе цивилизации человечества проявлялись посредством различных вирусных инфекций. В XXI веке в истории человечества глобальной проблемой стала COVID-19, а возбудителем которого стал вирус SARs-CoV-2 и была причиной пандемии по всему миру, а на сегодняшний день этот вирус превратился в сезонно обостряющийся респираторно-вирусную инфекцию. Этот вирус также может вызвать серьезные проблемы со здоровьем во время беременности. В отличие от населения в целом, беременные женщины составляют особую группу со значительно более высоким риском вирусной инфекции как уникального «иммунологического» состояния и изменением функции всех органов и систем во время беременности, в связи с этим изучение функционального состояния системы мать-плацента-плод у беременных, перенесших вирусные инфекции остаётся с научной и практической точки зрения требованием современности
IMPROVING OUTPATIENT MEDICAL ABORTION FOR WOMEN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
No full textDespite a number of studies conducted in recent years, abortion still remains a hot topic. Today, several types of contraceptive methods are available, but even they cannot completely eliminate the incidence of unwanted pregnancy [1]. According to recent statistics, 72% of women have had an abortion once in their lives, but the impact of this history on the course of pregnancy and its complications was not taken into account when planning future pregnancies [2]. In this article we provided the results of our research that were collected during a medical abortion at home
EXTERNAL RESPIRATORY FUNCTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
No full textAsthma in pregnancy is a health issue of great concern. Physiological changes and drug compliance during pregnancy can affect asthma control in varying degrees, and the control level of asthma and the side effects of asthma medications are closely related to the adverse perinatal outcomes of mother and fetus. This article provides an update on the available literature regarding the alleviating or aggravating mechanism of asthma in pregnancy, diagnosis, disease assessment, and systematic management, to provide a new guidance for physician, obstetric joint doctor, and health care practitioner. When assessing the condition of pregnant women suffering from bronchial asthma, the study of external respiration function, which objectively demonstrates the degree of impairment of the bronchopulmonary apparatus, is of great importance
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE ADRENAL GLANDS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
No full textRelevance. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease of connective tissue with joint damage of the type of symmetrical erosive-destructive polyarthritis and a variety of extra articular manifestations. Renal pathology is found in RA with a high frequency - about 60%, according to various authors. Patients with RA may have various renal diseases: secondary renal amyloidosis, glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, renal vascular vasculitis, nephrosclerosis, and in some cases, combinations thereof. Etiologically, kidney damage in patients with RA can be divided into 2 groups: firstly, nephropathy as one of the acute manifestations or complications of RA itself, for example, renal vascular vasculitis, chronic glomerulonephritis, secondary amyloidosis, and secondly, as a complication of drug therapy of RA: analgesic nephropathy (AN), medicinal glomerulonephritis. The pathogenesis of such different kidney diseases cannot be the same. Renal vascular vasculitis and glomerulonephritis have an immune nature, mainly immunocomplex; in severe cases, signs of an autoimmune process are recorded. The toxic effects of long-term NSAID intake on the enzyme systems of renal tubule epithelial cells and interstitium underlie the development of AN
The Results of Endoscopic Interventions for Superficial Neo-plasms of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
No full textThe article highlights the results of endoscopic treatment of polypoid neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal tract. A method for endoscopic removal of polyps has been proposed, which involves the use of submucosal injection of a gel substance into the base of the formation and laser excision. Analysis of the long-term results of endoscopic removal of superficial neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal tract made it possible to determine that excision using a diode laser, due to the technical features of the method, reduced the risk of recurrence of pathology from 17.4% to 3.1%, while this trend was noted as with en bloc removal (from 5.0% to 0.9%), and with fragmented excision (from 28.0% to 7.7%), in turn, depending on the initial size of the polyps, the proportion of relapses decreased from 7.8% to 0 .9% for formations up to 1 cm, from 33.3% to 4.5% for formations 1-2 cm and from 60.0% to 8.3% for formations more than 2 cm