Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science
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Reduction of Incidence of Early Postoperative Complications of Anal Surgery for Benign Anorectal Diseases
No full textThe anal canal, the final 4 cm of the alimentary tract, is commonly affected by anorectal conditions such as fissures, fistulas, and hemorrhoids, which may require surgical intervention. This study aimed to assess the incidence and timing of early postoperative complications following surgery for benign anorectal diseases, including hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and low-type fistula-in-ano. Conducted on 840 patients aged 20–65 years between August 2017 and May 2023, the study found that hemorrhoid surgery was the most frequent procedure associated with early complications (4.8%), followed by anal fissure surgery (0.7%), and fistulotomy (0.3%). The most common complication was urinary retention within the first 48 hours (2%), followed by thrombosed external hemorrhoids (1.5%), constipation (1%), fissures (0.47%), infection and abscess formation (0.46%), and clinically significant hemorrhage (0.36%). These findings highlight the importance of skilled surgical intervention to manage complications and improve patient outcomes following anorectal surgery
Development of Composition and Technology of «Fatufiltrum» Granules
No full textThis study focuses on the development of "Fatufiltrum" granules, a comprehensive enterosorbent drug based on purified and activated glauconite. Enterosorbents are essential for detoxification in medical treatments, yet improved formulations are needed to enhance efficacy. The research addresses this gap by creating a scientifically substantiated composition containing activated glauconite, dry extract of common chicory, L-carnitine, and chromium picolinate. The granules were developed using a novel technology, and their qualitative indicators and sorption capacity were thoroughly investigated. Results demonstrate that "Fatufiltrum" has promising potential as an effective enterosorbent, with implications for advancing detoxification treatments
Harnessing the Immune System in the Fight Against Bacterial Infections: Current Strategies and Future Prospects
No full textThe problem of antibiotic resistance, or antimicrobial resistance (AMR), keeps getting worse and spreading to new areas. Because of this, it is harder or even impossible to treat Bacterial diseases, which has caused more people to get sick and die. Even though traditional antimicrobial treatment hasn't worked in the last 20 years, no new class of antibiotics has been made available. This has led to the discovery of a number of new ways to fight these multidrug-resistant infectious bacteria. The purpose of this study is to collect information and think about the methods being used or mentioned as possible replacements for common antibiotics. Methods that aren't often used, like the CRISPR-Cas system, techniques that target the enzymes or proteins that make bacteria immune to medicines, drug delivery systems, and combinations of these, are some of the things that are being done. These different methods could change how hospitals and other medical places treat germs that are resistant to many drugs
Ionization Constants of Oximes Using HF and PM3 Quantum Methods
No full textThis study investigates the ionization constants of various chemical compounds using two theoretical methods, HF/6-31G and PM3, coupled with multiple regression analysis to correlate these constants with theoretically calculated physical variables. The variables considered include energy functions (HOMO, LUMO, hardness, chemical potential, electrophilicity index, ductility), thermodynamic functions (∆H, ∆G, ∆S), and dipole moments. The research aims to address the gap in accurately predicting ionization constants through theoretical calculations. The correlation coefficients (R2) were used to evaluate the relationship between practical ionization constants and theoretical variables. The strongest correlations were found with thermodynamic functions, particularly enthalpy (∆H). Multiple regression analysis identified the best predictors for ionization constants, achieving high R2 values (0.980 for HF/6-31G and 0.993 for PM3). These findings demonstrate a strong alignment between practical and theoretical ionization constants, highlighting enthalpy as the most influential variable. The study underscores the potential of computational chemistry methods to accurately predict ionization constants, aiding in the efficient design and analysis of chemical compounds
Comparing Bupivacaine and Fentanyl Doses in Spinal Anesthesia for Cesareans
No full textThis study evaluated the effectiveness of various fentanyl doses combined with bupivacaine for elective cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia. One hundred twenty expectant mothers were randomly assigned to four groups based on fentanyl doses: Group I (control) received 10 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine, while Groups II, III, and IV received additional 10 µg, 7.5 µg, and 15 µg of fentanyl, respectively. When further anesthesia was required, an epidural catheter was used. The study assessed anesthetic blockade characteristics, maternal and neonatal adverse effects, and maternal side effects. Statistical analysis employed Fisher's exact and chi-square tests, with significance set at p < 0.05. The findings provide insights into optimizing fentanyl doses in spinal anesthesia for cesarean sections, enhancing maternal and neonatal safety and comfort
Research In The Field of Transferring The Technology of «ORTOF-S» Tablets Into Production
No full textThis study aims to transfer the technology for producing "Ortof-S" tablets, an innovative analgesic formulation, into industrial-scale production. Utilizing wet granulation within a high-shear mixer, the research investigates critical factors affecting granulation, such as mass, mixing time, and drying temperature, to optimize production parameters. Materials include diclofenac sodium, omeprazole, and various excipients. Laboratory testing established foundational parameters, while industrial tests examined granulation under scaled conditions to enhance bulk density, flowability, and moisture content. Key results demonstrate that higher mass and prolonged mixing significantly improve granulate quality, enabling consistent tablet strength and bioavailability. The study recommends specific granulation protocols for varying masses, providing a framework for scaling production while ensuring tablet efficacy. This research advances the pharmaceutical industry by establishing efficient methodologies for scaling up innovative solid dosage forms, supporting industrial implementation and alignment with GMP standards for quality control
A Comparative Study to Evaluate The Effect of Metformin and Biosynthesised Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Liver Tissue and Some Enzymes In Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats
No full textDiabetes is one of the well-known and chronic diseases caused by the lack of insulin production or its non-use by cells, and the most famous types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and several treatments and programmes have been used to prevent it. In recent years, researchers have turned their thoughts to the field of nanotechnology and its use as an antidiabetic, so their concern was to find a safe, easy and inexpensive way to manufacture nanoparticles using plant extracts. The biosynthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts was the best method, so The aim of the study was to compare the effect of metformin and biosynthesised zinc oxide nanoparticles on liver tissue and some enzymes in male alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were made from Eruca vesicaria leaf extract and after observing the colour change, the nanoparticles were sent for confirmation and the required tests were performed including spectrophotometric (UV-Vis), X-ray fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The efficacy of zinc nanoparticles was studied and compared to metformin using 35 male albino rats that were induced to diabetes by alloxan and the rats were dosed for one month after which chemical tests of liver enzymes) Aspartate transaminase, Alanine transaminase) and histological sections of the liver were performed. The findings showed that Eruca vesicaria extract can be used to create ZnO nanoparticles. Results from a UV/Vis spectrophotometer indicated that it had an absorbance at 377 nm, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (X-Ray) revealed eight absorption peaks and a crystalline size of 31.21 nm, and Transmission Electron Microscopy revealed that ZnO NPs were 54 nm in size and nearly spherical in shape. The results of measuring the liver enzymes aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and comparing them between the treatments showed that there were significant differences between the treatments as it was found that alloxan treatment significantly increased the level of enzymes compared to the control. The results also showed that zinc nanoparticles reduced the level of liver enzymes after treatment with alloxan, which proves the effectiveness of zinc nanoparticles and metformin drug was also found to reduce the level of liver enzymes and the results of histological examinations showed. The results of our study found that plant extracts are effective in synthesising ZnO nanoparticles and that it is an easy, safe, environmentally friendly and inexpensive method. The study also found that biosynthesised ZnO nanoparticles can be used as an antidiabetic compared to metformin as ZnO nanoparticles showed protection of liver tissue and improvement in liver enzyme concentrations
Modeling The Process of Chromatographic Separation of Melissa Essential Oil Components on a Capillary Column Using a Cross-Diffusion Model
No full textThis paper describes the modeling of the chromatographic separation of lemon balm essential oil components on a capillary column using temperature programming and a cross-diffusion model. The main attention is paid to the separation of the key components of the oil - limonene, citral and geraniol. The developed mathematical model, based on the convection-diffusion equations, takes into account the mutual influence of the components through cross-diffusion interactions. The modeling results showed a significant effect of cross-diffusion on the retention time and peak shape, especially for components with close boiling points. The use of temperature programming improved the separation of the components, and a decrease in the rate of temperature rise and an increase in the column length contributed to an increase in peak resolution. The results can be used to optimize the conditions for chromatographic analysis of complex multicomponent mixtures
On The Development Of The Technology For "Prostad" Capsules Based On Natural Origin Substances
No full textA promising direction in this field is the development of new preparations based on herbal medicines, such as narrow-leaved fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium). In light of the above, the search for and implementation of new, highly effective encapsulated plant-based medicinal forms is of particular interest. At the Department of Industrial Pharmaceutical Technology of the Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, studies are being conducted to explore the potential of extracting biologically active substances from narrow-leaved fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium) in the form of an extract, with the aim of developing an encapsulated medicinal form for the treatment of prostatitis and prostate adenoma. The article presents the results of a comparative study on the technological parameters and hygroscopicity of the dry extract and the encapsulated mass of "Prostad." During the experiments, the following technological characteristics of the dry extract were studied: moisture content, bulk density, angle of repose, and flowability coefficient. Additionally, the loss on drying, heavy metal content, and microbiological purity were determined using methods described in the literature and regulatory documentation
The Impact of Trace Elements and Lipid Levels on Blood Pressure: A Clinical Biochemistry Study
No full textTrace elements and lipid levels play a crucial role in blood pressure regulation, influencing vascular function and potentially contributing to hypertension. Investigate the relationship between trace elements and lipid levels and their impact on blood pressure regulation, with a focus on understanding their potential role in the development of hypertension. This case-control study, conducted from August 1 to November 1, 2024, at Al-Habboubi Teaching Hospital with ethical approval, involved blood sample collection under aseptic conditions. Plasma and serum were separated by centrifugation and stored at -20°C. Trace elements (zinc, copper, and selenium) were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), and lipid profile parameters (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides) were analyzed with a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the gender distribution between the hypertensive and control groups was balanced, with similar mean ages. The proportion of individuals with secondary education was higher in the hypertensive group, while marital status showed a higher proportion of married individuals in the hypertensive group. Significant increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides were observed in the hypertensive group compared to the control group. Zinc levels were lower in the hypertensive group, while copper and selenium were also lower, but the differences were not statistically significant. HDL levels were lower in the hypertensive group. The study found that high blood pressure is linked to big changes in lipid profile, heart rate, and blood pressure. Some of these changes are higher levels of HDL and lower levels of total cholesterol, LDL, and lipids. This means that trace elements may have something to do with high blood pressure. Zinc, copper, and selenium were found in smaller amounts