Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science
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The Role of Annexin A1, Copeptin, Cholesterol Concentration and AST activity in Serum of Primary Hypothyroidism Women Obese Patients
No full textThyroid hormones, plays an a major important and essential functions in metabolic processes. Hypothyroidism is caused by inadequate thyroid hormone synthesis or activity in target tissues. Annexin A1 (AnxA1), is a key factor that have a role in the defense against inflammation and it is considered as endogenous agent that effects on the some types of steroid hormones (glucocorticoids). Copeptin is a small molecule that has a leucine-rich sequence, discovered by Holwerda et al. have a leucine repeats. It is share the precursor molecule with vasopressin - neurophysin II. The eighty women patients suffering have primary hypothyroidism women were participated, their ages ranged from 30 to 45 years. There a significant decrease (P>0.05) in T3 and T4 levels, a highly significant increase (<0.01) in TSH, AnxA1 and cholesterol, a significant increase (p<0.05) in the serum levels of Copeptin and AST activity in women patients group when compared to women control group
Optimizing Gibberellic Acid and Phosphate for Apple Growth
No full textIn a private orchard in Al-Mahawil, Babil Governorate, Iraq, during the 2022-2023 growing season, apple trees were subjected to a factorial experiment involving gibberellic acid spraying at 0, 10, and 30 ml.l^-1 concentrations with two applications spaced thirty days apart, and soil fertilization with phosphate at 0, 20, 30, and 50 g.l^-1 levels with irrigation water. Results indicated that a concentration of 20 ml L^-1 gibberellic acid significantly increased chlorophyll content, carbohydrate percentage, and nutrient levels (N, P, K, Mn, and Fe) compared to other concentrations. Furthermore, soil treatment with 30 g L^-1 phosphate, combined with irrigation water, significantly impacted all studied traits except carbohydrate percentage, which was higher than the 50 g L^-1 spray treatment, registering a 37.52% rate. These findings highlight the potential of optimized gibberellic acid and phosphate application in enhancing apple tree growth and nutrient uptake, underscoring the importance of tailored fertilization strategies for orchard management and productivity optimization
Diabetes Patients Show Elevated Adipokines, Glucose, and Insulin Resistance Markers
No full textThis study evaluated adipokines and biochemical parameters in 70 children (44 males, 26 females, age 5-13 years, mean±SD 8.7±3.32 years) with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and 30 healthy controls. Conducted at Azadi Teaching Hospital from December 2023 to February 2024, the study aimed to compare glucose, HbA1c, vitamin D, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adiponectin, and leptin levels between T1DM patients and healthy children. Results showed significant increases in glucose (321.93±89.15 vs. 85.21±9.46 mg/dL), HbA1c (12.04±1.83% vs. 5.01±0.31%), LDH (284.22±21.94 vs. 89.13±7.42 U/L), adiponectin (9.26±0.28 vs. 3.62±0.94 µg/mL), and leptin (21.84±2.62 vs. 4.48±0.62 ng/mL), and a significant decrease in vitamin D (13.93±4.93 vs. 28.72±6.08 ng/mL) in T1DM patients (P<0.05 for all). These findings highlight the importance of monitoring vitamin D and adipokine levels in children with T1DM, suggesting potential roles in disease management and complications prevention
Premenstrual Syndrome Among Kerbala University Female Students
No full textPremenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common gynecological condition characterized by behavioral, physical, and psychological changes during the luteal phase, ending with menstruation. Despite its prevalence, the relationship between PMS symptoms and socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics in female students remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess PMS symptoms among female students and examine their association with socio-demographic and reproductive factors. A descriptive correlational study was conducted from September 26, 2023, to June 4, 2024, at Kerbala University, involving 372 female students. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire, including a 40-item PMS scale covering physical, psychological, and behavioral symptoms, and demographic and reproductive characteristics. Validity and reliability were established through expert review and a pilot study. Data analysis using SPSS revealed that 57.3% of participants experienced moderate and 30.6% severe PMS symptoms. Significant relationships were found between PMS symptoms and residency, perceived monthly income, family history, menstrual duration, and amount of bleeding (p-values= .013, .019, .001, .012, and .001 respectively). No significant relationships were found with other variables. The study concludes that PMS symptoms among female students are moderate to severe, with notable associations with specific socio-demographic and reproductive factors. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to manage PMS symptoms in this population
Glutathione S Transferase Impact on Acute Myeloid Leukemia Recurrence
No full textThe superfamily of glutathione S transferase enzymes (GSTs) were collected from several enzymes by an important polymorphic functional variance signal. GSTs remove toxins that may cause genetic mutations, then toxic and interacting with DNA, and which include the metabolites of many chemotherapy administrators, which some suspects are human carcinogens. To report how changes in human goods and services tax affect enzyme expressions in carcinogenic susceptibility, diagnosis, then treatment. This study included 60 patients with AML, as well as 50 healthy volunteers, with genotyping of GSTP 1, GSTM 1, and then GSTT 1 polymorphic gene were utilizing polymerase chain reaction and restriction polymorphic fraction (PCR - RFLP), then conventional PCR. The GSTP 1313 A→G polymorphism (GSTP1 Ile105Val), that the wild genotype (AA) among the control subjects was significantly higher (P value = 0.0377) it was established, while the incidence of the mutant genotype (AG) then was the mutant G allele (GG + AG) significantly elevated amid patients (P-value = 0.050, P-value = 0.026, in contrast). Targeting GSTM1 and then GSTT1gene, highlighted a significantly higher incidence among patients with respect to homozygous gene removal (P-value = 0.001). Creating the action of antioxidant enzymes may be the way cancer cells protect themselves in contrast to increased oxidative stress
Determining the Blood Level of Lead of a Traffic Policeman in the Southern Governorates of Iraq
No full textIn this study, blood lead levels (BLLs) were determined in the blood of traffic police in the southern governorates of Iraq (since they are more exposed to lead found in automobile gasoline) and compared with samples taken from the blood of people of the same gender and age, but who do not work in the same job and live in rural areas somewhat far from pollution. The blood lead levels (BLLs) were determined in all these samples after digesting them by concentrated acids, and a flame atomic absorption device was used for the determination . The results showed that the percentage of lead was higher than the normal value (25 μg/dl) in the blood of the traffic policeman, while most of the samples of the second group were less than (25 μg/dl). It was found that these percentages increase with increasing age, and their increase has also been observed in people who smoke
Understanding of the Immunological Tolerance Mechanisms Underlying the Maternal-Fetal
No full textA unique set of communications is needed during a human pregnancy between the mother's uterus and the foetus with extra embryonic or placental membranes. One such communication is the immune system's adaptation to the developing embryo due to a variety of variables and cells. One risk factor that increases the chance of embryo rejection and infertility is the imbalance of immunological responses between the mother and foetus. Maternal immunity is therefore essential for the initiation and continuation of pregnancy. We present a thorough summary of the existing knowledge regarding immunological tolerance mechanisms underlying the maternal-fetal interface in this study
Efficacy of the Health Belief Model-Based Intervention of change in Dietary Fat Reduction Among Female High school students
No full textThis study aims to examine the efficacy of Stage-matched intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change in dietary fat reduction. The study included high school female students who age 16-18-years. An experimental design using randomized controlled trial was used to guide this study. The study included a simple random sample of 144 female high school students (72 students for the study groups and 72 for the control group). The study instrument includes participants’ sociodemographic characteristics age, family’s socioeconomic status , the Revised 1 Item Stage of Change Algorithm, the Processes of Change Questionnaire, the Decisional Balance Questionnaire, and the 32 Item Situational Temptation Questionnaire. Data were collected using a self-reported instrument. for the period from November 1st, 2021 to April 10th, 2022 Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science for windows, version 26. The statistical measures of frequency, percent, mean, standard deviation, Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance,and One-way analysis of variance were used.The study results revealed that the administered Transtheoretical Model of Change-Stage-matched intervention moved subjects from lower Stages of Change to higher ones The age mean for participants in the study group is 17.32 ± 1.56 compared to 17.27 ± 1.09 for those in the control group. In the pretest and posttest I, more than a third of participants in the study group were in the Action Stage of Change for eating high-fat food. In the posttest II, less than a half were in the Preparation Stage of Change. There was a significant difference in the Self-Efficacy over time for participants in the study group with an omnibus effect of .789. The stages-matched intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change significantly bettered the Self-Efficacy of reducing dietary fat for participants in the study group
Applying the Tobit Quantile Regression Model to Improve the Level of Education in Secondary Schools
No full textThis study aimed to raise secondary school education levels in the Iraqi governorate of Najaf by utilizing the Tobit Quantile Regression model. The shortcomings of response variables are frequently overlooked by traditional regression models, which calls for the use of sophisticated techniques like the Bayesian hierarchical model in conjunction with the Lasso methodology. By identifying important variables influencing schooling, this study fills in the gaps in conventional estimation techniques. Data on characteristics including study hours and parental education were provided by a random sample of one hundred pupils. To improve parameter estimate accuracy, the modified Lasso approach with Gibbs Sampler was applied using the R program. The results highlight the important influence of family and economic circumstances on student achievement and point to the need for focused interventions to improve educational outcomes
Preparation And Evaluation Of The Biological Activity Of A 2- Amino Pyran Ring Using A Solid Base Catalyst
No full textThe research included preparing a basic catalyst by reacting potassium nitrate with alumina to produce the heterogeneous solid basic catalyst and then introducing the catalyst as a catalyst in preparing the 2-amino pyrane ring by reacting the prepared chocolate with malononitrile and using only stirring without sublimation or heating. The compositions were validated using physical measurements such as percentage, melting point, and colour and spectroscopic measurements such as proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectra. The nanoscale size of the catalyst was also confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Two types of positive bacteria were used—gram and gram-negative to verify biological activity