Central Asian Journal of Theoretical and Applied Science
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Comparing the Effects of Nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria Isolated from Pathological Samples with Some Antibiotics Effects
No full textThe staphylococcus bacteria that causes infections of the skin and soft tissues, including abscesses, as they show in burns on the skin's surface, as well as upper respiratory tract and urinary tract infections in our isolates, was found in this investigation, which included sixty samples from Fallujah City. Samples from nose infections, burn infections, otitis infections, wound infections, and urinary tract infections were taken from the bodies of patients and auditors at Fallujah Teaching Hospital. The extended time for collection was set for September 2022 through November 2022. The outcomes of The study's findings showed that whereas 22 samples (26%) tested negative for bacterial culture, 38 samples (74%) tested positive. and (23) isolates that met the criteria for Staphylococcus classification using culture and biochemical tests; moreover, the findings of phenotypic detection using Mannitol Salt Agar revealed the presence of S. aureus (8) in the coagulase test. The show, the interaction, the results, and the study are all crucial to this episode. The effects of around ten different antibiotic types—Trimethoprim, Azithromycin, Rifampin, Gentamicin, Norfloxacin, Chloramphenicol, Nalidixic acid, Vancomycin, Oxacillin, and Piperacillin—on this particular kind of bacteria were most often studied. Because nanoparticles are suitable for use in the food and agriculture industries, they have little negative effects on human cells, are selectively poisonous to S. aureus, and were used to study their effect on the bacteria. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles were used at many concentrations (2000, 5000, 10000 mg/ml). Using nanoparticles, we were able to apply zones of inhibition on our isolates that measured 26±0.1 mm and 20±0.15 mm, respectively, at concentrations of 10,000 μg/ml and 5000 μg/ml of Co NPs. concentration displayed larger inhibition zones than a number of widely used antibiotics, with the exception of NORFLOXACIN and chloramphenicol, which exhibited superior antibacterial action against the bacterial isolates used in this investigation. It is noteworthy that the most resistant antibacterial isolates utilized in this investigation were employed to evaluate the impact of nanoparticles on them
Synthesis and Characterization of New Derivatives of 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4-one and Evaluation of their Antibacterial Activity
No full textThe present study included the synthesis of heterogeneous compounds of hydroquinazoline by reacting the prepared hydrazones with 2-aminophenol in the presence of ethanol as a solvent. The structures of the formed compounds were confirmed by physical and spectroscopic methods such as infrared spectra and proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (1H, 13C-NMR). The biological activity was evaluated using two types of bacterial isolates known for their resistance to antibiotics, namely Gram-negative Escherichia coli (Gram -ve) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +ve), and compared with the antibiotic as a control factor (Controls) Ciprofloxacin. The results showed good inhibitory activity for two types of used bacteria and high effectiveness and selectivity
Deep Eutectic Solvents-Based Ultrasonic Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction with Using Nanoparticles for Determination of Cadmium and Lead in Real Samples
No full textA simple, rapid, sensitive, and eco-friendly ultrasonic-assisted deep eutectic solvent-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method (USA-DES-DLLME) with modified nanoparticles (CuO NPs) for the separation/pre-concentration of cadmium and lead in water samples using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. In this method, CuO NPs were synthesized and characterized using various techniques (FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, and AFM). The optimal conditions for the quantitative recovery of the analytes, including the effect of pH, type and volume of DES, volume of CuO NPs, extraction time, tetrahydrofuran (THF), speed and time of centrifugation, and ultrasonic time, were determined. Under optimized experimental conditions, the relative standard deviation (RSD%) at a concentration of 0.05 µg/mL was found to be 2.4% and 2.7%, with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.012 μg.mL−1 and 0.017μg.mL−1, and limits of quantification (LOQ) of 0.038μg.mL−1 and 0.051 μg.mL−1 for cadmium and lead, respectively. The enrichment factors (EF) were found to be 86.6 and 68.85, and the pre-concentration factor was 15 for cadmium and lead, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precision of the method were calculated at 0.3 and 0.5 µg/mL, with intra-day precision (2.2%, 2.5%) for lead, and (2.6%, 3.2%) for cadmium, and inter-day precision (3.4%, 3.8%) for lead, and (3.0%, 4.8%) for cadmium, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of cadmium and lead in real samples
Detection of Some Heavy Metals in Main Drain Fish in Southern Baghdad, Iraq
No full textThis study aim to determine the levels of heavy metals including Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc in the gills, liver, and muscles of carpio fish collected from Baghdad Main Drain, and explore how the level of the identified metal varies over the seasons and spatially as a result of environmental changes in order to estimate risks to the health of consumers of the fish species dependent on the drain. This research seeks to analyze trace metal levels in fish caught from Main Drain river in Baghdad –Iraq with emphasis on three sample stations. Carried out bi-monthly collection of fish samples of Cyprinus carpio from October 2023 to January 2024. Metals such as Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc was considered in the analysis, that show location variation based on seasonal climatic changes. Tissues from fish gill, liver, and muscle were dried homogeneous, ground and subjected to acid digestion and the heavy metals was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The gills for Site Sm2 at 170 ppb in winter and liver at Site Sm1 at 353 ppb in autumn. Copper was found to be highest during winter at Site Sm2’s gills as 458 ppb and significantly high Lead also at Site Sm2’s gills winter being 1507 ppb and Lead at fairly high level present in gills, Liver and muscles. Nickel and Zinc presented dissimilar behavior in the water concentrations and its highest indulgence in gills of Zi were recorded in Site Sm2 during winter with 33 ppb. In this study, it is established that water fish in the Main Drain of Southern Baghdad, especially at Site Sm2 are highly polluted with metals such as Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc especially in winter. A comparison with other tissues illustrates that gills and liver are more likely to accumulate radioactivity than muscle. High concentrations of lead are equally dangerous to both aquatic life and human beings and therefore calls for constant environ mental check and control
Synthesis, Characterization, and Validation Of Novel Thiazine Derivatives For Their Biological And Laser Activity
No full textThe research involves the use of chalcones as intermediates, the synthesis of new hexagonal rings from thiazine precursors by reacting previously prepared chalcones with thiourea, and minor modifications to the usual working methods to show that they generate these new rings. The activity of the prepared compounds was proven by physical and spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR and (1H, 13C-NMR) spectroscopy, as well as the determination of melting point and purity and monitoring the progress of the reaction by thin layer chromatography. The TLC was evaluated using two bacterial isolates known to be resistant to antibiotics, namely Gram-negative Escherichia coli (Gram-ve) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (Gram+ve). They were compared with the antibiotic amoxicillin as a control agent, and the results showed good inhibitory activity against both types of bacteria used, with high efficacy and selectivity. A helium-neon laser (visible laser) was used to evaluate the laser efficiency of some of the synthesized compounds. Each compound was irradiated for four different periods (15, 30, 45, and 60 seconds) and then physically irradiated. The compounds were examined again, and the surface changes of the compounds" were observed
Roots and Threats of Radical Extremism in Kazakhstan
No full textThis article challenges the problem of radical extremism in Kazakhstan, its roots, causes, and consequences of the attempted coup d'état in 2022. Expert surveys, focus groups, in-depth interviews with the Muslim religious communities, including Salafists, outcomes of student group discussions, and personal observations allowed to identify the theoretical foundations and practical roots and consequences of radical extremism. Obtained results: a review of the external and internal causes of radical extremism; an analysis of radical extremism and the religious communities; an evaluation of the government measures. The study's finding is a formation of the interactive framework consisting of four primary I - tools: Inсlusive; Involvement; Income; Ideology for the solution of the problem of radical extremism
Search for New Scientific, Theoretical and Methodological Foundations of Karakalpak Literary Study
No full textThe article is devoted to the problem of searching for new scientific, theoretical and methodological foundations of Karakalpak Literary Study. Taking into account the achievements of Karakalpak Literary Study in the research of the national art of words on a scientific basis, the author comesto the conclusion that it is necessary to conduct fundamental research in such areas, as the individual style of writer; the image of the author in a literary work; the position of the author in a literary work; the history of a particular literary work; historical evolution of national prose; artistic psychology in Karakalpak Literature; plot directions, motives, system of images, genesis and tipology of same genres of national literature, genre and stylistic studies in Karakalpak Literature and etc
Использование Провокационного Фона Водного Дефицита, С Целью Разработки Способа Ранней Диагностики Устойчивости К Абиотическим И Факторам Саженцев Деревьев, В Почвенных Условиях Ташкентского Ботанического Сада Им.Акад Ф.Н.Русанова При Институте Ботаники А
No full textВыявлены виды с низкой средней, высокой, адаптивной способностью, которые можно широко использовать в работах по восстановлению почвенной деградации в условиях орошаемых и богарных земель. Усовершенствованы способы культивирования отдельных видов растений. Закладка полевого опыта была произведена при условиях почвы тяжелой глинистой. Была создана селективная среда с оптимальным и жестким режимом орошения. Одним из критериев отбора устойчивых саженцев интродуцированных деревьев также являлся признак диаметр корневой шейки сеянцев в зависимости от режима полива. Были отобраны устойчивые экземпляры ореха гибридного без проявления угнетения, с крепким стволиком и утолщением корневой шейки
Reaction Forces of an Non-Axisymmetric Wedge
No full textA mathematical expression for determining the reaction force of a non-axisymmetric wedge is obtained; it generalizes the formula, found in literature, for determining the reaction force of constraints of a given object under the action of a constant force. The research methods are based on the classical methods of theoretical mechanics for deriving the equilibrium state equation and the analytical method for determining the reaction force of constraints
The Effect of the (Nd-YAG) Laser on Some Structural Properties of Thin Film Nan Scale Zinc Oxide Prepared by Sol-Gel Method and its Applications in Renewable Energy Sources
No full textIn the current research, Zno films were prepared on glass bases using the gel-liquid technique, with different thicknesses (150-300 nm), and at different temperatures. The prepared films were baked in a convection oven at 400°C - 500 - 600 degrees, respectively, for half an hour