Central Asian Journal of Theoretical and Applied Science
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Applicability of Presidential System in Turkey
No full textThere have been many discussions on the applicability of the presidential system in Turkey in different period of time. Nowadays, the tension of the discussion on this topic has risen up. From this perspective, the applicability of the presidential system in Turkey is the main issue in this essay. The main question in this essay is whether the presidential system will provide stable democracy for Turkey or not in terms of effective party number with regard to Laakso/Taagepera’s Effective Party Number Index. My hypothesis related to this issue is; the more party fragmentation and effective party number a country has, the more democratic instability will happen, or the lesser party fragmentation and effective party number a country has, the more democratic stability will happen when the presidential system is applied. This hypothesis is tested in countries where the presidential system is practiced by using statistical data, empirical studies, and literature review in terms of Laakso/Taagepera’s Effective Party Number Index and Rae’s Party Fragmentation Index. Among presidential countries, only the ones that have lower party fragmentation and effective party number lesser than three parties, have a stable democracy. Then, I ascertain that Turkey has high party fragmentation and effective party number more than three according to Laakso/Taagepera’s Effective Party Index and Rae’s Party Fragmentation Index by using data from past elections in Turkey. Hence, I suggest that application of the presidential system in Turkey will deteriorate recent democratic problems in that there has not been any stable presidential country in the world which has high party fragmentation and effective party number more than three like Turkey
Digital Education Plays A Role Of Library: A Comparative Study In Digital Era
No full textTechnology now-a-days has entered into every walk of life i.e., digitalization now a part and parcel of our human life. In present era we can’t live without electronic devices. After coming Digital India project, the growths of technology are increasing leaps and bounds. In the age of information technology and information explosion era, the information communication technology (ICT) plays a vital role in the development of education and library, also helps to improve the quality of services. Digital revolution has transforming the way of children and young people play, access of information, communicate with each other, learn, re-learn and un-learn. But now, this revolution has profoundly entered in the Education sector and also at school level, College level and University level. Due to this, most of the teaching and learning processes in the classrooms these days are changing from autocratic style to democratic or participatory style where learners also teachers, instructors and higher faculties are plays an active role. Except learners, all are facing unprecedented changes with often larger classes, more diverse students with diverse needs, demands from state, society and employers who want more accountability. The research design undertaken for the comparative study was descriptive research in nature. Only literature survey and SWOT analysis method used to analyse theoretical studied data and results of the study shows that digital education or library over the traditional education or library has both positive-negative impact on our daily life and society. This paper examines the importance, advantages and limitations of digital education or library over the traditional education or library were emphasized. The comparative analyses of the two types of libraries were also discussed. Governments in all tiers of the nation and legislators were advised to make policies and legislate bills respectively that can advance the present state of the national grid and improve on the internet technology infrastructures which are major factors that can drive digitizatio
Adverse Effects of Pesticides on Health of Human Beings
No full textA pesticide is any substance used to kill, repel, or control certain forms of plant or animal life that are considered to be pests. Pesticides include herbicides for destroying weeds and other unwanted vegetation, insecticides for controlling a wide variety of insects, fungicides used to prevent the growth of molds and mildew, disinfectants for preventing the spread of bacteria, and compounds used to control mice and rats. Because of the widespread use of agricultural chemicals in food production, people are exposed to low levels of pesticide residues through their diets. Scientists do not yet have a clear understanding of the health effects of these pesticide residues. The Agricultural Health Study, an ongoing study of pesticide exposures in farm families, also posts results online. Other evidence suggests that children are particularly susceptible to adverse effects from exposure to pesticides, including neurodevelopmental effects. People may also be exposed to pesticides used in a variety of settings including homes, schools, hospitals, and workplaces
Viscosities of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Polar and Non-polar Solvents at 303.15 K
No full textViscosity is a very important transport properties of liquid and can be used as a very important tool to explain the various characteristics of liquid and liquid mixtures. In this paper viscosities for the binary liquid mixtures of methyl ethyl ketone with benzene, nitrobenzene, cblorobenzene and bromobenzene were determined at 303.15 K. The deviation in viscosity was calculated and its behaviours was studied as a function of mole fraction. The deviation in viscosity is negative in the system methyl ethyl ketone with benzene and is positive in the other systems. The results were discussed in terms of interactions
Patterns And Forms Of Child Labour In Kano Metropolis
No full textOne of the major social problems bedevilling our children today, is child labour, which jeopardizes society’s future, destroying societal moral values, undermining sustainable human development and subsequently exposing them into other criminal and deviant activities. Thus, child becoming an issue of concern to all well-meaning individuals. The major aim of this paper, is to explore the patterns and forms of child labour in Kano Metropolis, and it is specifically conducted under the following objectives: to assess the forms and patterns of child labour in Kano metropolis; to examine the strategies and possible solution of alleviating the menace of child labour in the study area. The study reviews related literatures on child labour including; the patterns and forms of child labour as well as the solution of the menace. Culture of poverty theory was adopted as a theoretical guide for the research. In the Research Methodology, the study employed a sample size of 300 respondents. Multi-Stage sampling techniques were used in selecting the respondents. Questionnaires were used in the data collection. Quantitative data gathered have been analyzed using relevant methods. The findings reveal that children use different forms of child labour in Kano Metropolis. It also reveals strategies of controlling the menace in the Kano metropolis. Therefore, it is recommended that Government create job opportunity for the parent and empowerment should also be in place. Parents and guardians should monitor their children’s movement and behaviour as well and provide all the necessary need. Lastly, NGOs, CBOs and government agencies together with religious and community leaders should engage in campaigns and preaching to discourage child labou
Applications of Discrete Mathematics in the Real World
No full textIt's often said that mathematics is useful in solving a very wide variety of practical problems. {MathILy, MathILy-Er} focus on discrete mathematics, which, broadly conceived, underpins about half of pure mathematics and of operations research as well as all of computer science. As time goes on, more and more mathematics that is done, both in academia and in industry, is discrete. But what are the actual applications people talk about when they say discrete mathematics can be applied. What problems are being solved. This webpage attempts to address those questions. There are short descriptions, with links to longer explanations, of examples of discrete mathematics as applied to our everyday lives and as used in important and interesting research and corporate applications