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The Potential of Paulownia tomentosa in Agroforestry Systems - A Literature Review
No full textSince the late middle of the 20th century, scientists have studied the agroforestry system as a potential land-use management solution to the problem of meeting the needs of a growing global population without jeopardizing efforts to maintain the ecosystem’s biodiversity or accelerating the adverse effects of climate change. This thesis introduces insights into the agroforestry system with a foundational understanding of the Chinese native tree, Paulownia tomentosa, commonly known as the Empress tree. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential P. tomentosa that can bring attributes to agroforestry systems covering a literature finding earliest from 1961 to 2023. The observation of the fast-growing and large-shaped leaf has drawn attention to the potential use of biomass of P. tomentosa. Further research findings still need more effort to be considered on the focus of its nitrogen value, intercropping method, optimal yielding requirements, and expansion of cultivated in tropical or foreign habitats
The Use of Pig insulin and Grafts in the treatment of Human Diabetes
No full textBiological resources are entities of natural origin with sources from either plants or animals that render a broad number of services to mankind. Purified pig insulin, pancreas, islet, and beta cells are biological resources synthesized, extracted, and isolated from pigs to provide medical services like treating human diabetes.
The observed methodology was obtained by systematically reviewing and comparing other similar scientific studies to determine the challenges and risks associated with using pig grafts (islet, pancreas, beta cells) for the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D), the optimal pig age for extracting graft for treatment of diabetes, differences between human and pig insulin, and the clinical trials and adoption pig insulin and graft therapies for type 1 diabetes treatment.
Xenotransplantation of pig grafts has successfully restored normoglycemia in a Type 1 diabetes patient for about 9.5 years, thus potentially being an alternative therapy to human islet allotransplantation. However, the clinical adoption of using
pig grafts for diabetes treatment is hindered by the unavailability of T1D volunteers to be used for clinical trials because of risks like zoonosis, loss of body weight, immunosuppression, and death of the transplanted pig implant.
Xenotransplantation of pig grafts to T1D can be clinically accepted through advanced practices like Genetic modifications of the pig, encapsulating the pig grafts before transplantation, and co-transplantation of the pig grafts with Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSCs) and/or Sertoli cells (SCs). The clinical adoption of pig grafts for T1D treatment will mitigate the problem of limited islet/pancreas
donor sources encountered in allotransplantation, hence more research and studies are needed for this milestone to be accomplished
INVESTIGATING SOIL BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN VARIABLE AGRICULTURAL SAMPLE SITES USING BAIT LAMINA METHODOLOGY
No full textThis research investigates the relationship between feeding activity and soil characteristics using Bait Lamina Methodology at six agricultural sample sites in western Germany. The ability to incorporate citizen science for data collection and evaluation is assessed and the quality of that data is compared using analysis of variance between group types. It was found that fertilization is strongly correlated with feeding activity (0.877). Positive correlations between temperature, soil moisture and soil organic matter content were also observed, although with varying degrees of influence. Mean feeding activities among different evaluating groups of students, staff, pupils, scout members and farming cooperative members (Solawi) did not deviate significantly from each other (p= 0.66 among students, Solawi and staff members, and p=0.52 among students, pupils and scout members, alpha= 0.05) . Data processing however for non staff and student groups was more arduous as more tallying mistakes were made than formerly mentioned groups. Results suggest that the bait lamina methodology is suited for citizen science, although data quality can easily be improved by digitizing evaluation handouts, with automation/formulas embedded for tallying
Simulation of the temporal behavior of logical execution time in combination with classical tasks in an AUTOSAR Classic multi-core computer system using the tool ChronSim.
No full textModern automotive systems have transitioned to distributed architectures, necessitating their embedded real-time software to be deterministic to ensure that they operate properly. To achieve this deterministic behavior, the Bounded Execution Time (BET) model, in combination with the Logical Execution Time (LET) paradigm, is applied on some software. This scheduling method is tested for applicability on new software projects at the early-concept phase of their development. This research is done by performing scheduling simulation with the tool chronSIM by INCHRON.
However, chronSIM lacks basic model object to represent LET tasks. This thesis addresses this deficiency by presenting a model for LET within an AUTOSAR classic multi-core computer system, all within the chronSIM tool. The research elaborates on creating a model for LET tasks using the basic model objects available in chronSIM. Furthermore, an existing scripted modeling toolchain, used by Vitesco Technologies engineers for software project modeling and simulation, is upgraded to model LET tasks and introduces new configuration options which can be used to setup a couple LET scheduling scenarios. The thesis also includes simulation of several projects, with in-depth analysis of their simulation results.
The primary objective of this thesis is to advance the simulation process of automotive software to analyze the applicability of a range of scheduling configurations
10/2023 Erste Änderungssatzung zur Prüfungsordnung für den Masterstudiengang Lebensmittelwissenschaften an der Fakultät Life Sciences vom 15.12.2022
No full textA Meta-Analysis of Fish and Crop Yields of Coupled and Decoupled Aquaponics
No full textAquaponics is an alternative farming method that has recently gained popularity and research attention due to its potential to solve resource-related issues such as water and land scarcity. Currently, no study comparing plant and fish yields cultivated in coupled aquaponics (cAP) and decoupled aquaponics (dAP) could be identified. Meta-analyses were conducted to synthesize data extracted from studies reporting fish and plant performance in cAP and dAP. Three databases were used to identify relevant research papers published in English between 2016 and 2021. The effect size of each study was calculated using the standardized mean difference. The summary effect size and heterogeneity (I2) were computed using a mixed-effects model. However, a meta-regression or a sub-group analysis was not conducted to analyze and describe heterogeneity in greater detail. The results of the meta-analyses indicate that dAP is superior to cAP mainly in fish yields, whereas no significant difference in crop yields between cAP and dAP was observed. However, due to the presence of moderate heterogeneity in some meta-analyses, conclusions derived from the summary effect sizes of such meta-analyses should be carefully interpreted. Therefore, the conclusions should only provide an overall picture of how yields in cAP compare to yields in dAP
Publikationsfonds der Hochschule Rhein-Waal. Rahmendaten und Förderkriterien
No full textDie Bibliothek der Hochschule Rhein-Waal unterstützt bereits seit mehreren Jahren Open-Access-Veröffentlichungen, um digitale wissenschaftliche Information ohne finanzielle, gesetzliche oder technische Einschränkungen zugänglich zu machen. Um das Publikationsaufkommen qualitativ und quantitativ weiterzuentwickeln, steht ab dem Haushaltsjahr 2023 an der Hochschule Rhein-Waal erstmals ein Fonds für Ausgaben im Zusammenhang mit Open-Access-Publikationen bereit. Der Publikationsfonds umfasst 100.000 € und steht, verwaltet von der Bibliothek, ab sofort zur Verfügung. Das Poster stellt vor, welche Publikationstypen gefördert werden können, welche Kriterien für eine Förderfähigkeit erfüllt sein müssen und welche weiteren Publikationsdienstleistungen die Bibliothek anbietet. Darüber hinaus wird ein kurzes Schlaglicht auf die weitere Entwicklung des Publikationsfonds und der Publikationsförderung geworfen
Real-Time Chat Application with ADALM-PLUTO Software Defined Radio
No full textSoftware-defined radios (SDRs) are flexible, inexpensive, portable, and efficient devices that can be used in the development of applications and solutions for various domains, from telecommunications to radar systems. In this thesis, I present the PlutoChat application that establishes wireless digital communication between two AdalmPluto SDRs in Python programming language.
To take advantage of the structure of the Pluto SDR RF chip and handle phase shifts, I introduce the 4/2-QAM quadrature amplitude modulation. For the PlutoChat application, I developed the communication system's components, both on the transmitting and receiving ends, in Python and tested with the data obtained from the Pluto SDR.
To address the challenges related to carrier recovery and timing synchronization, adaptive algorithms were used in PlutoChat.
This thesis also outlines a communication protocol that involves symbol conversion and frame generation to facilitate the transmission of text messages over the air.
To ensure system reliability, I measured the local oscillator performance of the Pluto SDR and tested individual communication blocks of the PlutoChat, including both receiver and transmitter components, using an example text through the Pluto SDR. Having achieved successful transmission and reception, I integrated the communication system blocks in the PlutoChat application.
To validate the practical utility of PlutoChat, the end users engaged with the system, sending and receiving text messages via the IPython terminal
Photodecompostion of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Using a UV/H2O2 Reactor with Ultraviolet-C Light Emitting Diodes
No full textAnionic surfactants are used in many common household products, such as dishwashing detergents or soaps. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is one of the most prominent surfactants and can cause substantial damage to the environment. Removal from wastewater is therefore a significant problem.
This thesis investigates the photochemical decomposition of SDS using ultraviolet-c light emitting diodes (UV-C LEDs) and hydrogen peroxide. The experiments were performed with a surfactant concentration of 10 mg L which is actually found in wastewater after hand washing. Direct exposure to UV radiation to destroy organic compounds is generally seen as inefficient and consumes a large amount of energy. Adding hydrogen peroxide significantly increased the destruction rate due to the UV-induced formation of hydroxyl
radicals.
It was also investigated how the effectiveness of the reactor can be further increased.
The use of a photocatalyst (titanium dioxide) improved the removal efficiency of SDS substantially. The data generated in this work indicates that using UV-C LEDs in a UV/H2O2 reactor works, and the process was significantly more efficient than only UV radiation. The ease of handling the diodes and implementing them into the reactor offers a significant advantage over other light sources.
The standard SDS determination method is known to be very time-consuming. Therefore, a new approach was developed. This technique works faster than the commonly used one and has a low standard deviation.
Photodecomposition of the investigated impurity is possible. In the future, development will concentrate on the realisation and system integration of UV/H2O2 reactors, as a common technology in the product family of OPHARDT Hygiene AG
Physician Assistants – Rechtliche Lage, Wirtschaftlichkeit und Einsatz am Beispiel des Evangelischen Krankenhaus Wesel
No full textIm Gesundheitswesen, wird das Thema Fachkräftemangel zunehmend zum Problem. Um insbesondere dem Ärztemangel entgegenzutreten, wird verstärkt auf Arztassistenzberufe gesetzt. Daher ist es notwendig den gesetzlichen Rahmen und die zwischenmenschlichen Aspekte des Einsatzes von bspw. Physician Assistants zu verstehen.
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es zu beantworten, welchen Spielraum es bei der Delegation ärztlicher Tätigkeiten an nicht-ärztliches Personal gibt, wie die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den unterschiedlichen Berufsgruppen abläuft und wie sich der Einsatz von Physician Assistants im Vergleich zu medizinischen Fachangestellten wirtschaftlich
darstellt.
Um die Forschungsfragen zu beantworten, wurden Experteninterviews mit Angehörigen verschiedener medizinischer Berufsgruppen im Krankenhaus geführt, zusätzlich ist eine Literaturrecherche erfolgt. Es wurden Pflegekräfte, Physician Assistants sowie ärztliches Personal befragt. Deren Aussagen wurden dann im Kontext der Literatur sowie mit den
Aussagen eines Fachanwalts für Medizinrecht diskutiert.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Delegation von ärztlichen Tätigkeiten an nicht-ärztliches Personal unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen möglich ist. Die Delegation ist jedoch bei Tätigkeiten, die unter Arztvorbehalt stehen, begrenzt. In diesen Fällen können lediglich vorbereitende oder assistierende Aufgaben durch nicht-ärztliche Mitarbeitende erfolgen.
Die Zusammenarbeit mit Physician Assistants mit dem Pflegedienst ist sehr gut. Beim ärztlichen Dienst hängt diese von den individuellen Erfahrungen und der Hierarchieebene ab. Außerdem zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass Physician Assistants im Vergleich zu Medizinischen Fachangestellten einen Mehrwert bei der Arztentlastung bieten, der sich unter gewissen Voraussetzungen auch wirtschaftlich auszahlt.
Weiterführende Forschungen könnten den Einsatz von Physician Assistants im ambulanten Bereich des Gesundheitssektors untersuchen