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A smart and active mobility assessment protocol for urban regeneration. Application to regeneration projects of medium-sized cities in Emilia-Romagna
No full textActive mobility, within the context of sustainable urban development, plays a crucial role by positively affecting carbon and greenhouse gasses emissions, promoting healthy lifestyles, relieving urban traffic congestion, and therefore enanching the overall quality of urban life. Nowadays, active mobility plays a crucial role also in the contexts of urban regeneration projects, as highlighted both within the framework of Smart City assessments and within the main urban regeneration evaluation protocols. This paper pursues to establish a protocol for assessing the transformation of public spaces in the context of urban regeneration, using specific indicators to measure impacts on active mobility. The proposed assessment method aims at benchmarking urban regeneration initiatives, with a particular focus on mobility and accessibility issues. The methodology has been tested in several case studies within the major medium-sized cities of the Emilia-Romagna Region (Parma, Reggio Emilia, Modena, Cesena and Rimini), in the North of Italy, outlining potential guidelines for the integration of active and smart mobility in the processes of urban regeneration
NEW CHALLENGES FOR XXI CENTURY CITIES Global warming, ageing of population, reduction of energy consumption, immigration flows, optimization of land use, technological innovation 2
No full textFor the Diplomatic Codex Poliano: A Memorable Judgment (Venice, 13 July 1366)
Get PDFIl saggio pubblica e commenta la sentenza pronunciata dai giudici del Procurator di Venezia del 13 luglio 1366, documento che entrerà a far parte del Codice Diplomatico Poliano in preparazione a cura dell’Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. La sentenza condanna i Procuratori di S. Marco, esecutori testamentari di Marco Bragadin (morto a Candia nel 1360) a pagare a sua moglie Fantina, primogenita di Marco Polo, 80 lire di grossi (800 ducati), considerato che Bragadin si era appropriato illegalmente del terzo dei beni mobili spettante alla moglie in quanto co-erede, assieme alle sorelle Bellela e Moreta, del Viaggiatore. Il notaio di curia, Fantino Rizzo, nel testo della sentenza inserì una copia fedelissima dell’inventario dei beni trovati nella casa di Marco Polo, redatto da Marco Bragadin poco dopo la morte del suocero, avvenuta l’8 o il 9 gennaio 1324: un testo giustamente famoso perché mostra molti punti di contatto con il Milione (o Devisament dou monde), il celebre libro scritto nel 1298 da Marco Polo e Rustichello da Pisa prigionieri nelle carceri genovesi.This essay publishes and comments on the decision issued by the judges of the Procurator of Venice on 13 July 1366, a document that will be part of the forthcoming Codice Diplomatico Poliano edited by the Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti (Venice). The judges condemned the Procurators of St. Mark’s, executors of the will of Marco Bragadin (who died in Candia in 1360), to pay his wife Fantina, Marco Polo’s eldest daughter, 80 lire of grossi (800 ducats) considering that Bragadin had misappropriated the third of the movable property due to his wife as co-heir – with her sisters Bellela and Moreta – of her father Marco the Traveller. The court notary, Fantino Rizzo, included in the text of the sentence a most faithful copy of the inventory of the goods found in Marco Polo’s house, drawn up by Marco Bragadin shortly after his father-in-law’s death, which occurred on the 8th or 9th of January 1324: Bragadin’s inventory is famous because it has many elements in common with the Milione (or Devisament dou monde), the celebrated book written in 1298 by Marco Polo and Rustichello da Pisa, both prisoners in Genua
Verso l’Itaca di Carlos Liscano.
Get PDFThe essay retraces some of Carlos Liscano’s main works, focusing on the novel Verso Itaca, of which is emphasized the originality in terms of content but, above all, the formal structure of his narrative and the writing model of the novel is highlighted.The essay retraces some of Carlos Liscano’s main works, focusing on the novel Verso Itaca, of which is emphasized the originality in terms of content but, above all, the formal structure of his narrative and the writing model of the novel is highlighted
Word-formation of epithets and names in Indo-Iranian in their relationship with underlying syntax, ritual phraseology and poetical idiomatics
Get PDFL’articolo presenta correlazioni sistematiche tra composti e derivativi nominali (da un lato) e strutture sintattiche e collocazioni fraseologiche (dall’altro) nei Veda e nell’Avesta e argomenta a favore del loro background indoiranico comune. Nella Sezione 1 si dimostra che un nome personale antico-iranico, attestato nella trasmissione elamita da Persepoli, deriva da un composto iir. *Hr̥ta-mi(H)azdʰHa-, e spiega che questo composto è costituito da un membro anteriore iir. *Hr̥ta- ‘Rightness/Giustezza’ e un termine posteriore *mi(H)azdʰHa- ‘[offerta di] pasto (solido)’, presente anche in formazioni come l’avestico recente (*)Nərə-miiazda- (discusso nella Sezione 3) e l’antico-iran. *Dāma-mii̯azda- (Sezione 4). Lo stesso termine *mi(H)az-dʰHa- è composto da due membri composizionali e viene interpretato come un nomen actionis desintagmatico, che risale in ultima analisi a una frase verbale fattitiva. Di gran pregio per delineare il suo sviluppo sono i sintagmi attestati nell’avestico (antico e recente). Infatti, nella Sezione 2 si identificano importanti collocazioni formulaiche in cui lessemi come iir. *Hr̥ta- e *mi(H)az-dʰHa- ricorrono insieme nella liturgia avestica e in paralleli tratti dal rituale vedico. Elementi di tali collazioni nelle Gāϑā – av. aṣ̌a-, nəmah-, myazda-, ma anche nar- e dāman- / radice DĀ– corrispondono pienamente ai termini antico-indiani r̥tá-, námas-, miyédha-, ma anche nár- e dhā́man- / radice DʰĀ; sono attestati in ulteriori composti, ad es. nell’antico-iran. *(H)r̥ta-dʰāma- (Sezione 5). Il valore aggiunto di queste costellazioni lessicali sta nella loro compresenza, sia in composti nominali, sia in strutture fraseologiche; le cinque sezioni dell’articolo illustrano il ruolo di tali collocazioni formulaiche per la ricostruzione del lessico e della formazione di parola, ma anche della poesia e delle pratiche rituali dell’indoiranico.The present article demonstrates systematic correspondences between nominal compounds and derivatives, on the one hand, and syntactic structures and phraseological collocations, on the other, in the Veda and the Avesta and argues in favour of their common Indo-Iranian background. Part 1 shows that an Old Iran. personal name attested in Elamite transmission from Persepolis comes from an IIr. *Hr̥ta-mi(H)azdʰHa- and points out that this compound consists of an anterior member IIr. *Hr̥ta- ‘Rightness’ and a posterior term *mi(H)azdʰHa- ‘(solid) meal offering’, also occurring in formations like Young Avestan (*)Nərə-miiazda- (discussed in Part 3) and Old Iran. *Dāma-mii̯azda- (Part 4). The term *mi(H)az-dʰHa- itself consists of two compositional members and is analyzed as a desyntagmatic nomen actionis that ultimately goes back to a factitive verbal phrase. Valuable for its interpretation are syntagmata attested in Old and Young Avestan: Part 2 discovers important formulaic collocations in which lexemes like IIr. *Hr̥ta- ‘Rightness’ and *mi(H)az-dʰHa- occur together in the Avestan liturgy and in parallels from the Vedic ritual. Elements of such collocations in the Gāϑās – Av. aṣ̌a-, nəmah-, myazda- but also nar- and dāman- / root DĀ – fully correspond to the Old Indic terms r̥tá-, námas-, miyédha- but also nár- and dhā́man- / root DʰĀ; they are attested in further compounds, e.g. Old Iran. *(H)r̥ta-dʰāma- (Part 5). The added value of these lexical constellations is in their joint occurrence in nominal compounds and in phraseological structures; the five parts of the article display the role of such formulaic collocations for the reconstruction of the Indo-Iranian lexicon, word formation but also ritual poetry and practice
Assessing translation quality: a survey of research into human translation, post-editing and machine translation
Get PDFL’articolo analizza il rapporto tra traduzione umana, post-editing e traduzione automatica affrontando, in particolare, la discussa questione della qualità traduttiva. Vengono presentati diversi approcci e metodologie, identificando una serie di problematiche riguardanti la traduzione in termini di processo, prodotto e sistemi di valutazione. È inclusa, inoltre, una riflessione sull’osservata tendenza all’oggettivazione degli standard di traduzione e all’utilizzo di metriche automatiche, con particolare attenzione alle possibili implicazioni che ciò potrebbe avere per la comunità scientifica e di traduzione.The article investigates the relationship between human translation, post-editing and machine translation addressing, in particular, the controversial issue of translation quality. An overview of different methodologies and approaches is provided, identifying a number of perceived issues concerning translation in terms of process, product, and evaluation systems. A discussion on the observed tendency to objectify translation standards, and to automatic metrics, is included with a focus on the implications it may have for the research and translation community
Re-generate resilience to deal with climate change
No full textCities are vulnerable to the effects of the climate. Building resilience to contain the risks for inhabitants, businesses and infrastructures deriving from the impact of climate change represents a challenge for local planners and public decision-makers. To win it, it is necessary to include the most suitable adaptation actions to contain the conditions of vulnerability in the local urban regeneration processes. To this end, the authors have increased and applied a methodology for defining and mapping climatic vulnerability, with a particular focus on the built environment. The main element of integration and updating concerns the use of Copernicus satellite remote sensing data. The application to the case study demonstrates the adequacy of such data for the research needs and the relative utility in terms of spatial resolution of the results. The vulnerability map into a more accurate definition scale helps the planner to integrate the common regeneration goals with more specific climatic resilience goals. In fact, basing on the results obtained for the case study, the authors define adaptive design solutions aimed at regenerating local resilience in terms of liveability, efficiency and safety
Spatial attractiveness towards industrial placement: a parametric index based on spatial-economic territorial exposure metrics
No full textThe asymmetrical process of industrial development tends to increase regional disparities and result in different patterns of territorial exposure: the amount of support given to activities placed within industrial agglomerates. Spatial Attractiveness towards industrial placement tends to follow such patterns, as places with lower exposure tend to be more attractive, providing more support to productive activities. Spatial models based in economic methods have issues in precising the nature of Spatial Attractiveness disparities, as their interpretation of space as an abstracted parameter, provides insufficient locational precision to demonstrate these patterns and how those are dependent on relations between production, territorial endowments, and industrial agglomerates’ internal organization. Novel spatial-economic models ought to consider and incorporate spatial units reflecting the microfoundations of space while providing an accurate spatialization, crucial aspects to create knowledge useful for decision-making. Hence, the paper showcases spatial models tailored to address the differences in Spatial Attractiveness, based in spatial and economic territorial exposure indexes, to unveil the territorial-imbalances’ spatial logics. Organized in a GIS-based environment and using Tuscany as a proof-of-concept, the index-models identified factors of sensitivity or support to firms placed within industrial agglomerates providing an overview of spatial attractiveness within the territory, useful for supporting decision-making practices
Capturing city-transport interactions. An analysis on the urban rail network of Palermo (Italy)
No full textTransit Oriented Development (TOD) and 15-minute City (15mC) are two planning concepts that, in different ways, have attempted to provide alternative solutions to the car-centered development model characterizing modern cities. The paper presents a methodology that seeks to integrate the TOD and 15mC principles in an analytical perspective, with an application in a rail station area of Palermo, a Southern European city plagued by inefficient public transport and traffic congestion. The study aims to define and compare two different station areas based on their socio economic, functional and environmental dimensions including accessibility and built environment. The paper is divided into six sections, including the work’s theoretical framework, the description of the railway system, the methodology that explains indicators used for the analysis and discussion about the comparison of two case studies. In the final part of the paper we critically outline the potential of this approach for future investigations and explain the novelty of the research with integrated analysis of the city-transport interaction around two different node
Towards more walkable streets. An assessment method applied to school areas in Parma
No full textIt is well known that urban areas near schools are often characterised by excessive motorised traffic, making access to school facilities difficult and dangerous on foot, especially for children. Increasing walkability of these areas can indeed lead to multiple benefits: safer streets, cleaner air, a more pleasant public space that encourages social uses and the adoption of healthier lifestyles. For these reasons, scientific literature has recently focused on school streets/squares, and their possible regeneration, also through tactical urbanism. Even Italian legislation have recently introduced the concept of “school zones”. Methods and tools are, therefore, needed to delimitate these zones and assess their walkability and quality to select appropriate interventions. Within this framework, the paper applies a GIS-based methodology to calculate a School Walkability Index (SWI), providing a score for catchment areas around schools. The method is applied in the 3-, 10- and 15-minute pedestrian isochrones around primary schools in Parma. Data to perform the walkability assessment have been collected through in-field inspections. This evaluation enables the identification of low walkability levels and punctual criticalities. The outcomes of the research can be helpful to public administrations engaged in improving school accessibility and the social vocation of the surrounding public spaces