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Oltre il visibile: alcune riflessioni sui nuovi media
No full textIn this interview, Timothy Morton critically reflects on new media, challenging the traditional divide between “traditional media” and “new media”. According to Morton, the act of “mediating” is not a phenomenon exclusive to modern technologies, but an intrinsic feature of language and human communication in general. While recognizing the potential offered by digital platforms, Morton also explores, and above all, their contradictions, such as the spread of fake news and the increasingly blurred line between control and censorship. In this context, it becomes essential to “do and learn philosophy”, even from a young age, as it represents perhaps the only kind of knowledge capable of developing the ability to navigate, consciously, the vast and sometimes oppressive digital landscape.En esta entrevista, Timothy Morton ofrece algunas reflexiones sobre los nuevos medios, cuestionando la tradicional separación entre medios «tradicionales» y «nuevos». Según Morton, el acto de «mediar» no es un fenómeno exclusivo de las tecnologías modernas, sino una característica intrínseca del lenguaje y la comunicación humana en general. Al tiempo que reconoce el potencial que ofrecen las plataformas digitales, Morton explora también y sobre todo sus contradicciones, como la difusión de noticias falsas y la frontera cada vez más difusa entre control y censura. En este contexto, resulta por tanto esencial «hacer y aprender filosofía», incluso desde una edad temprana, ya que esta última representa, tal vez, el único tipo de conocimiento capaz de desarrollar la capacidad de orientarse conscientemente en el vasto y a veces opresivo paisaje digital.In questa intervista, Timothy Morton propone alcune riflessioni sui nuovi media, mettendo in discussione la tradizionale separazione tra media “tradizionali” e “nuovi”. Secondo Morton, l’atto di “mediare” non è un fenomeno esclusivo delle tecnologie moderne, ma una caratteristica intrinseca al linguaggio e alla comunicazione umana in generale. Pur riconoscendo le potenzialità offerte dalle piattaforme digitali, Morton esplora anche e soprattutto le loro contraddizioni, come la diffusione delle notizie false e il confine sempre più labile tra controllo e censura. In questo contesto, diventa dunque fondamentale “fare e imparare filosofia”, addirittura fin dalla giovane età, poiché quest’ultima rappresenta, forse, l’unico tipo di conoscenza in grado di sviluppare quella capacità di orientarsi, consapevolmente, nel vasto e talvolta opprimente paesaggio digitale
Il soggetto e il linguaggio virtuale: critica del soggetto costruito dall’intelligenza artificiale
No full textCince its appearance, artificial intelligence has managed to make changes and transformations in the reality of human beings. In order for artificial intelligence to make these changes, it brought with it projects and events that made its establishment possible; for example: he had to bring concepts, ideas, images, symbols, categories and representations that had the capacity to describe a type of reality that could be apprehended, explained and understood. Among the projects was the technological and scientific search for societies and human beings. His proposal was to build a new type of human being that was technical, scientific and productive, and to do so he would use the tools of artificial intelligence. As a theoretical, utopian and ideal project, AI is seen as favorable, but as a practical and active project it was harmful because human beings had been losing their communicative, expressive, representative and significant capacities, since language was being affected; and social relations were fragmented. If language is harmed, human beings and all the realities that depend on it are directly affected, which in the first instance would be the community, human beings and the world. That is, the logos are affected. And by weakening the logos, the subject stops having ways of existing as consciousness; and without consciousness there is no historical memory; and without history there is no identity nor the possibility of difference. Artificial intelligence in its practice has harmed more than it proposed, because it has degraded language and relationships with the community. For this reason, there is a need and resistance to recover the subject, the language, the dialogue, the face-to-face correspondence. But to recover it, first, we would have to criticize artificial intelligence and know its limitations. For this reason, a series of questions are asked to guide the reflection. Is the artificial intelligence contained in technological devices and gadgets really intelligent? What problems do subjects experience when they lose their language? How has artificial intelligence affected language? How to recover the subject from word and reason? The following writing is about this.Desde su aparición, la inteligencia artificial ha logrado generar cambios y transformaciones en la realidad de los seres humanos. Para que la inteligencia artificial pudiera efectuar estos cambios, trajo consigo proyectos y eventos que posibilitaron su establecimiento; por ejemplo, fue necesario introducir conceptos, ideas, imágenes, símbolos, categorías y representaciones capaces de describir un tipo de realidad que pudiera ser aprehendida, explicada y comprendida. Entre estos proyectos se encontraba la búsqueda tecnológica y científica orientada a las sociedades y a los seres humanos. Su propuesta era construir un nuevo tipo de ser humano, técnico, científico y productivo, utilizando para ello las herramientas de la inteligencia artificial. Como proyecto teórico, utópico e ideal, la inteligencia artificial es percibida como favorable; sin embargo, como proyecto práctico y activo, resultó perjudicial, ya que los seres humanos comenzaron a perder sus capacidades comunicativas, expresivas, representativas y significativas, debido a que el lenguaje se estaba viendo afectado, y las relaciones sociales se fragmentaban. Si el lenguaje se deteriora, los seres humanos y todas las realidades que dependen de él se ven directamente afectadas; entre ellas, en primera instancia, la comunidad, los seres humanos y el mundo. Es decir, se afecta el logos. Al debilitarse el logos, el sujeto deja de tener formas de existir como conciencia; y sin conciencia, no hay memoria histórica; y sin historia, no hay identidad ni posibilidad de diferencia. En su práctica, la inteligencia artificial ha causado más daños de los que inicialmente proponía, pues ha degradado el lenguaje y las relaciones con la comunidad. Por esta razón, surge la necesidad y la resistencia de recuperar al sujeto, el lenguaje, el diálogo y la correspondencia cara a cara. Pero para recuperarlos, primero es necesario criticar la inteligencia artificial y conocer sus limitaciones. Por ello, se plantean una serie de preguntas para guiar la reflexión: ¿Es realmente inteligente la inteligencia artificial contenida en los dispositivos y aparatos tecnológicos? ¿Qué problemas experimentan los sujetos al perder su lenguaje? ¿Cómo ha afectado la inteligencia artificial al lenguaje? ¿Cómo recuperar al sujeto a través de la palabra y la razón? Este texto trata sobre estas cuestiones.Fin dalla sua comparsa, l’intelligenza artificiale è riuscita a cambiare e trasformare la realtà umana. Per farlo, ha introdotto progetti e iniziative che hanno permesso la sua instaurazione; per esempio, ha portato con sé concetti, idee, immagini, simboli, categorie e rappresentazioni in grado di descrivere una realtà che potesse essere appresa, spiegata e compresa. Tra i progetti c'era la ricerca tecnologica e scientifica rivolta alle società e gli esseri umani. Lo scopo era costruire un nuovo tipo di individuo che fosse tecnologico, scientifico e produttivo, grazie agli strumenti di intelligenza artificiale. Come disegno teorico, utopico e ideale, l’IA è vista in maniera positiva, ma nella sua applicazione pratica viene giudicata pericolosa, poiché gli esseri umani stanno perdendo le loro capacità comunicative, espressive, rappresentative e significative. Difatti, l’IA intacca il linguaggio e, di conseguenza, le relazioni sociali diventano frammentate. Se viene colpita la lingua, si hanno ripercussioni dirette sugli individui e su tutte le realtà che da essa dipendono: in primis la comunità e il mondo, ossia gli esseri umani stessi. Il logos si indebolisce e il soggetto perde la capacità di esistere come coscienza. E senza coscienza non c'è memoria storica; e senza storia non c'è identità né possibilità di diversità. L’uso dell’intelligenza artificiale ha arrecato più danni di quanto si pensasse inizialmente, in quanto ha degradato il linguaggio e le relazioni della comunità. C'è quindi bisogno di recuperare il soggetto, il linguaggio, il dialogo, la comunicazione faccia a faccia. Per attuare questo cambio è innanzitutto fondamentale analizzare l’intelligenza artificiale e conoscerne i limiti. Si pongono, dunque, una serie di domande che orienteranno la riflessione. L’intelligenza artificiale contenuta nei dispositivi e apparecchi tecnologici è davvero “intelligente”? Quali problemi si presentano nei soggetti quando perdono il loro linguaggio? In che modo l’intelligenza artificiale ha colpito il linguaggio? Come si può recuperare il soggetto a partire dalla parola e dalla ragione? Lo scritto che segue riguarda proprio tali questioni
Gender analysis of urban mobility behaviours in the Tunisian Sahel region
No full textThe integration of gender into questions of everyday mobility has been the focus of scientific research for several years. Despite the breadth of this topic, few studies on gender mobility are conducted in southern countries. This article attempts to fill this knowledge gap and paint a portrait of women's travel behavior in Tunisia. The study area is the Tunisian Sahel, which was studied as part of a household travel survey conducted in 2019. Based on 2,021 observations, a descriptive analysis of mobility behavior was carried out, providing information about the main travel patterns for both genders in this region. Our analysis deviates from the traditional approach of categorizing women as a unified group, and examining their mobility on an individual basis by considering their income levels. Significant differences were observed between the two genders, which are influenced by the socio-cultural context of Tunisian women and their financial situation. The majority of women are less mobile than men, as more complex journeys are limited to the vicinity of home, and they often rely on public transport. As financial conditions improve for women, travel tends to become easier. Comparing the analytical results of our study with scientific references reveals numerous similarities and differences
The cost of shopping: measuring virtual and physical access for obtaining goods
No full textThe rise of e-commerce, bolstered by advancements in information and communication technology (ICT), has made it possible for consumers to shop online without the need to physically travel. The unexpected emergence of COVID-19 further accelerated this shift towards online shopping. This paper delves into the nuances of virtual versus physical access to goods, drawing from the dual access theory. It aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the disparities in accessibility between digital and brick-and-mortar shopping experiences. Our results indicate that when considering the complete private costs—including the intrinsic costs of shopping and those incurred en route like travel and delivery fees—online shopping typically offers greater accessibility and is more cost-effective than its in-store counterpart. Interestingly, while physical access to shopping displays a pattern where the central city has a distinct advantage over the suburbs, virtual access presents a more uniform distribution throughout the city
Global warming or global warning? A review of urban practices for climate change adaptation in Europe
No full textStarting from the relationship between urban planning and mobility management, TeMA has gradually expanded the view of the covered topics, always remaining in the groove of rigorous scientific in-depth analysis. This section of the Journal, Review Notes, is the expression of continuously updating emerging topics concerning relationships between urban planning, mobility and environment, through a collection of short scientific papers written by young researchers. The Review Notes are made of five parts. Each section examines a specific aspect of the broader information storage within the main interests of TeMA Journal. In particular, the Methods, tools and data for the city energy governance section focuses on the challenges that urban energy planning commonly faces, providing food for thought to readers and fellow researchers. This contribution aims at examining these challenges and the solutions proposed in the scientific literature. For the fist issue of TeMA Journal volume no. 17, this section is dedicated to deepen the key importance of urban practices in the action of cities against Global Warming
Mobility, participation and sustainable regeneration. Urban projects in Liguria Region
No full textThe paper reports different experiences in which mobility, participation and sustainable regeneration represent fundamental issues for our cities. The applications are developed in idea competitions promoted by municipal governments and associations. Rethinking mobility and orienting actions towards sustainability means putting people at the center of urban strategies. In this context, the 4 innovation helix framework, and so, the involvement of local actors: people, university, company and administration, is indispensable for guiding society towards sustainable development according to 2030 Agenda. In the experiences illustrated, the role of the University emerged as a connector capable of collaborating together and building synergies between the various actors involved with the common objective of improving the liveability of our cities. Liveability which is closely linked to the improvement of mobility services and their intramodality with important repercussions on the accessibility of services. The actions undertaken for more sustainable mobility lead to a path that increases the demand for integrated services for the movement of people and goods but also the attractiveness of the area from an environmental, social, tourist and economic point of view. The urban projects presented were carried out as part of university courses in collaboration with public administrations of the Ligurian Region
Disegnare spazi pubblici nella transizione tra sperimentazione, emancipazione e normalizzazione
No full textThe massive urban privatization generated by profound social, economic, and cultural changes has reshaped the meanings and values associated with public spaces. The homogenization driven by consumerism, individualization, technological mediation, and control has gradually eroded the traditional notion of public space as a site for dissent, dialogue, and resistance against the commodification of urban landscapes, as well as a counterforce to processes of marginalization and exclusion in the cities. In response to this transformation, a pressing need arises to critically reflect on the transitions of public space to identify key issues which could strengthen inclusion and spatial justice when we think about and design public space. Our contribution explores this change in meaning and values through the transformations and changes in the production practices of public space with reference to the ex -Barracks in via Simon public space in Alghero (Sardinia, IT). Our contribution highlights how in a context characterised by the existence of a diversity of meaning of public space the capability of incorporating such a diversity, can support the liminal and learning dimensions of public space. These are crucial to cultivating emancipatory public spaces in the city that foster inclusion and spatial justice.I profondi cambiamenti sociali, economici, culturali che hanno accompagnato la massiccia privatizzazione delle città hanno cambiato il significato e alterato i valori di spazio pubblico a cui ci riferiamo. L’omologazione attraverso il consumo, l’individualizzazione, il controllo e la mediazione tecnologica hanno eroso l’idea di spazio pubblico come luogo di dissenso, confronto e resistenza alla mercificazione oltre che come luogo di contrasto a dinamiche di marginalizzazione o espulsione. Di fronte a questo mutamento si avverte la necessità di individuare questioni chiave a cui fare riferimento quando pensiamo e progettiamo lo spazio pubblico. Il nostro contributo esplora questo cambiamento di significato e valori attraverso le trasformazioni e il mutamento delle pratiche di produzione dello spazio pubblico con riferimento alla Ex Caserma di via Simon ad Alghero. Si evidenzia come nella transizione la capacità di incorporare nello spazio pubblico una molteplicità di concezioni diverse ne sostenga le dimensioni liminale e formativa indispensabili per coltivare spazi di emancipazione urbana che diffondano inclusione e giustizia spaziale
Lo spazio pubblico nell’era digitale, segregazione e disagio urbano nelle città metropolitane
No full textPublic space is any place owned or used by the public that is available to all free of charge. It has its own spatial, environmental and economic characteristics. The speed of social changes and modes of communication, and the spread of digitalisation for the use of services and public spaces have given impetus to major urban transformations, relating both to ways of experiencing cities and to the complex of forms and rules for structuring public spaces. The essay defines the characteristics of public space, exclusionary factors dependent on territorial location (centre/periphery) and digitisation-induced changes in the quality of relations and cultural phenomena. Suburbs and metropolises are becoming increasingly segregating.
Public spaces, born to be inclusive, are increasingly becoming spaces of transit, sometimes giving a discouraging picture of social and urban conditions. There are public spaces characterised by a slow process of adaptation to the speed of the demands that contemporary society expresses. In these cases, public spaces fail to fulfil their social 'mandate'. The reasons for the lack of attractiveness of public spaces are described in the essay together with the preconditions for overcoming the crisis of representativeness. In the suburbs of Italian metropolitan cities there is a greater presence of disadvantaged and vulnerable families. The article proposes some reflections to rethink the relationship public spaces-city-environment-society in the era of great transitions.Lo spazio pubblico è ogni luogo di proprietà o di uso pubblico fruibile a tutti gratuitamente. Ha proprie caratteristiche spaziali, ambientali ed economiche. La velocità dei cambiamenti sociali e delle modalità di comunicazione, la diffusione della digitalizzazione per la fruizione di servizi e spazi pubblici hanno dato impulso a grandi trasformazioni urbane, riferite sia ai modi di vivere le città che al complesso di forme e regole di strutturazione degli spazi pubblici. Nel saggio si definiscono le caratteristiche dello spazio pubblico, i fattori escludenti dipendenti dalla localizzazione territoriale (centro/periferie) e i cambiamenti indotti dalla digitalizzazione nella qualità delle relazioni e dei fenomeni culturali. Le periferie e le metropoli diventano sempre più segreganti. Gli spazi pubblici, nati per essere inclusivi, diventano sempre più spazi di transito restituendo, a volte, una fotografia sconfortante delle condizioni sociali e urbane. Ci sono spazi pubblici contraddistinti da un processo di adattamento lento rispetto alla velocità delle istanze che la società contemporanea esprime. In questi casi, gli spazi pubblici disattendono il “mandato” sociale che gli è proprio. Le ragioni relative alla scarsa attrattività degli spazi pubblici sono descritte nel saggio unitamente ai presupposti necessari per superare la crisi di rappresentatività. Nelle periferie delle città metropolitane italiane vi è maggiore presenza di famiglie disagiate e vulnerabili. L’articolo propone alcune riflessioni per ripensare al rapporto spazi pubblici-città-ambiente-società nell’era delle grandi transizioni
La scala di Palazzo Cassano Ayerbo d’Aragona a Napoli fra fonti iconografiche e risorse virtuali
Get PDFLa cultura del progetto delle scale del Settecento napoletano è oggetto di studio di questo contributo. Nello specifico, gli aspetti trattati sono: adozione del quadrato come matrice geometrica degli impianti planimetrici e sua manipolazione; analisi geometrico-configurativa dello scalone di palazzo Cassano Ayerbo d’Aragona; raccolta inedita di fonti trattatistiche e iconografiche sull’impianto a ‘doppio quadrato’; allestimento di un virtual tour come rapida risposta alle contemporanee questioni di recupero, comunicazione e valorizzazione dell’eredità culturale di contesti architettonici e urbani di immenso valore.The paper analyzes the design culture of ‘open’ staircases in eighteenth-century in Naples. Specifically, the aspects dealt are: adoption of the square as the geometric matrix of the planimetric systems and its manipulation; the geometric-configurative analysis of the staircase of Palazzo Cassano Ayerbo d’Aragona; unpublished collection of treatises and iconographic sources on the ‘double square’ system; the setting up of a virtual tour as a rapid solution to contemporary issues of recovery, communication and enhancement of the cultural heritage of architectural and urban contexts of immense value
Un monasterio femenino cisterciense en Navarra: Nuestra Señora de Salas, Estella (siglos XIII-XV)
Get PDFNuestra Señora de Salas [Our Lady of Salas] is defined as one of the female Cistercian convents of the Kingdom of Navarre in the 13th century, founded on the banks of the Ega River at the entrance to the town of Estella. Its unknown origins and unique trajectory suggest that this community may have been associated with the Jacobean phenomenon of hospitality and care for pilgrims. This would explain its rapid decline and eventual disappearance in the early 15th century, despite having received the Cistercian rule, the tutelage of Santa María de Iranzu, and the protection of the Navarrese monarchy. This analysis reviews the key points of the trajectory of this community, demonstrating the flourishing of religious and spiritual activity among women during the high mediaeval centuries and its close connection to the social and devotional environment of the town of Estella.Nuestra Señora de Salas se identifica como uno de los conventos cistercienses femeninos del reino de Navarra del siglo XIII, nacido a orillas del río Ega a la entrada de la localidad de Estella. Sus desconocidos orígenes y singular trayectoria indican que quizá esta comunidad estuvo asociada al fenómeno jacobeo de hospitalidad y atención a los peregrinos. Ello explica su rápida decadencia y desaparición a comienzos del siglo XV, a pesar de haber recibido la regla de Cister, la tutela de Santa María de Iranzu y la protección de la monarquía navarra. Con el presente análisis, se repasan las claves del itinerario de esta comunidad que evidencia el florecimiento de la actividad religiosa y espiritual entre las mujeres durante las centurias plenomedievales y la estrecha vinculación con el entorno social y devocional urbano de Estella.Nuestra Señora de Salas est identifiée comme l'un des couvents cisterciens féminins du royaume de Navarre du XIIIe siècle, fondé sur les rives de l'Ega, à l'entrée de la ville d'Estella. Ses origines inconnues et sa trajectoire unique indiquent que cette communauté a pu être associée au phénomène jacobéen de l'hospitalité et de l'accueil des pèlerins. Cela explique son déclin rapide et sa disparition au début du XVe siècle, bien qu'elle ait reçu la règle cistercienne, la tutelle de Santa María de Iranzu et la protection de la monarchie navarraise. Cette analyse passe en revue les clés de l'itinéraire de cette communauté, qui montre l'épanouissement de l'activité religieuse et spirituelle des femmes au cours des siècles du plein Moyen Âge et les liens étroits avec le milieu urbain social et dévotionnel d'Estella.Nuestra Señora de Salas se identifica como uno de los conventos cistercienses femeninos del reino de Navarra del siglo XIII, nacido a orillas del río Ega a la entrada de la localidad de Estella. Sus desconocidos orígenes y singular trayectoria indican que quizá esta comunidad estuvo asociada al fenómeno jacobeo de hospitalidad y atención a los peregrinos. Ello explica su rápida decadencia y desaparición a comienzos del siglo XV, a pesar de haber recibido la regla de Cister, la tutela de Santa María de Iranzu y la protección de la monarquía navarra. Con el presente análisis, se repasan las claves del itinerario de esta comunidad que evidencia el florecimiento de la actividad religiosa y espiritual entre las mujeres durante las centurias plenomedievales y la estrecha vinculación con el entorno social y devocional urbano de Estella