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Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Collaborative Book Recommender Systems
Full text linkBook recommender systems provide personalized recommendations of books to users based on their previous searches or purchases. As online trading of books has become increasingly important in recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms are needed to recommend suitable books to users and encourage them to make purchasing decisions in the short and the long run. In this paper, we consider AI algorithms for so called collaborative book recommender systems, especially the matrix factorization algorithm using the stochastic gradient descent method and the book-based k-nearest-neighbor algorithm. We perform a comprehensive case study based on the Book-Crossing benchmark data set, and implement various variants of both AI algorithms to predict unknown book ratings and to recommend books to individual users based on the highest predicted ratings. This study aims to evaluate the quality of the implemented methods in recommending books by using selected evaluation metrics for AI algorithms
Entwicklung eines Umnutzungskonzepts für das Bauhofgelände im Altonaer Volkspark: Zusammenspiel von Ressourcenschutz, gesundheitsfördernder Raumgestaltung und Partizipation
Full text linkZiel der Arbeit ist die Entwicklung eines Umnutzungskonzepts für das ehemalige Gelände des Bauhofs im Altonaer Volkspark, auf dem der Verein Heilende Stadt e.V. einen Heil- und Bewegungsgarten aufbauen möchte. In diesem Konzept soll durch verschiedene Analyseschritte das Potenzial des Geländes – und insbesondere der Gewerbehalle im hinteren Bereich des Grundstücks – herausgearbeitet werden.
Die Arbeit beginnt mit einer theoretischen Einführung in die drei übergeordneten relevanten Themen gesundheitsfördernde Raumgestaltung, Ressourcenschutz und Partizipation in den ersten drei Kapiteln, die im weiteren Verlauf auf ein konkretes Beispiel angewendet werden. Nach einem Zwischenfazit folgt ein kurzer Abriss zur historischen Entwicklung des Altonaer Volksparks und weiter die Vorstellung und Analyse des Grundstücks. Der zukünftige Nutzer, der Verein Heilende Stadt e.V., wird mit seinen Anforderungen an das Gelände im nächsten Kapitel vorgestellt, bevor dann der Entwurf mit Außen- und Innenraumkonzept sowie die späteren Nutzungsszenarien erläutert werden. Die Entwurfsausarbeitung erhebt nicht den Anspruch genauso umgesetzt zu werden. Vielmehr soll aufgezeigt werden, dass es neben dem, vom Bezirksamt präferierten Abriss der Halle, auch noch viele verschiedene Handlungsoptionen für eine zukunftsweisende Nutzung der Halle gibt, die zudem dem benötigten räumlichen Bedarf des Vereins gerecht werden und in das gesundheitsfördernde Leitbild des Volksparks passen
Abolish, Accept, Apply: Coping With Ignorance in Project Ecologies
Full text linkThis article seeks to advance the current debate on the role of ignorance in the management of large projects by mobilizing insights from recent literature on the interplay between temporary projects and permanent contexts. Instead of examining how ignorance shapes the success or failure of isolated projects, we intend to examine how ignorance is addressed and framed within these projects and their wider environment and how this framing shapes the practices of planning and managing projects. The usefulness of the proposed framework is gauged with two empirical vignettes that elucidate different perspectives on ignorance in recent, German, large construction projects
Trees in Sponge Cities—A Systematic Review of Trees as a Component of Blue-Green Infrastructure, Vegetation Engineering Principles, and Stormwater Management
Full text linkCombining street trees with stormwater management measures can, in some circumstances, both increase tree vitality and reduce the risk of flooding by directing stormwater into tree pits. Using systematic review methods, this study aimed to provide an overview of the vegetation engineering systems being researched and applied that combine tree planting with urban stormwater management. We also sought to identify the positive as well as possible negative impacts on urban hydrology and tree health. It has been shown that diverting rainwater from impervious surfaces into tree pits has considerable potential for stormwater management and for improving tree health by reducing drought stress in urban trees. Worldwide approaches to optimizing tree pits for rainwater infiltration and water supply are promising. Different systems and substrate types have been tested, and street trees generally show good vitality, although systematic long-term monitoring of tree vitality has rarely been undertaken. There is still a need for research into temporary water storage for dry periods
Project Air View Hamburg – Potential of the Air Quality Data and the Measurement Method
Full text linkDas Diskussionspapier fasst die Forschungsergebnisse des City Science Labs (CSL) an der HafenCity Universität zum Project Air View Hamburg zusammen. Es wurde anlässlich der Präsentation der von Google erhobenen Daten zur Luftqualität in Hamburg am 13.06.2023 erstellt, um die interessierte Fachöffentlichkeit wissenschaftlich zu informieren. Zentrale Punkte des Diskussionspapiers sind die Erläuterung des Projekthintergrunds und der Forschungsmethode, die stadträumliche Betrachtung der aufgearbeiteten Daten, potenzielle Anwendungsfälle für die Stadt- und Verkehrsplanung, sowie das Aufzeigen von verschiedenen Potenzialen des im Project Air View angewendeten Messverfahrens sowie der damit erhobenen Daten.The discussion paper summarizes the research results of the City Science Lab (CSL) at HafenCity University on Project Air View Hamburg. It was prepared on the occasion of the presentation of the data collected by Google on air quality in Hamburg on June 13, 2023 in order to provide scientific information to the interested public. Central points of the discussion paper are the explanation of the project background and the research method, urban planning considerations based on the processed data, possible use case for urban and transportation planning as well as the identification of different potentials of the measurement method.Google Germany Gmb
Development of a virtual reality application for a historic villa and three construction phases
Full text linkThe use of Virtual Reality (VR) is becoming increasingly important and popular. This technology is widely used in various fields such as industry, construction, architecture, medicine and scientific research. With the rapid development of VR technology, the cost of the required hardware is decreasing, making this technology available to a wider range of users. VR applications offer many opportunities to present different topics in a novel and informative way. This paper presents the development of a VR application for the "Villa Michaelsen" (hosting the Falkenstein Doll Museum) in Hamburg, Germany for the 100 years anniversary. It offers the possibility to move in and around the architectural historic building, designed and built 1923 by the architect Karl Schneider, a representative of the New Building Movement, and to look at different information, photos as well as construction phases and drafts
A 3D virtual geographic environment for flood representation towards risk communication
Full text linkRisk communication seeks to develop a shared understanding of disaster among stakeholders, thereby amplifying public awareness and empowering them to respond more effectively to emergencies. However, existing studies have overemphasized specialized numerical modelling, making the professional output challenging to understand and use by non-research stakeholders. In this context, this article proposes a 3D virtual geographic environment for flood representation towards risk communication, which integrates flood modelling, parallel computation, and 3D representation in a pipeline. Finally, a section of the Rhine River in Bonn, Germany, is selected for experiment analysis. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is capable of flood modelling and 3D representation within a few hours, the parallel speedup ratio reached 6.45. The intuitive flood scene with 3D city models is beneficial for promoting flood risk communication and is particularly helpful for participants without direct experience of floods to understand its spatiotemporal process. It also can be embedded in the Geospatial Infrastructure Management Ecosystem (GeoIME) cloud application for intelligent flood systems
Safety Assessment of Cycling Routes in Urban Environments
Full text linkAs one of the most well-known forms of active mobility, cycling is an environmentally friendly way to explore a destination, becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. However, safety is the most severe issue facing cyclists and the essential factor for people who are hesitant to use bikes. In this context, we propose a safety assessment method for cycling routes in urban environments. This work presents how to automatically generate a safe cycling map integrating volunteered geographic information with GIS analysis. We start by extracting the indicators that can possibly contribute to cycling safety from OpenStreetMap. Then, we set up a multivariate linear regression equation to solve the importance of indicators. Afterward, we generate a weighted graph model that represents cycling safety. Taking the City of Bonn, Germany, as an example, we implement our approach for this region. The experiment results show that Bonn is a city for safe cycling, confirming the claim that Bonn is a bike-friendly city. Our findings can also be used to plan the safest route for cycling, thereby enhancing the overall biking experience in Bonn
Progress and gaps in climate change adaptation in coastal cities across the globe
Full text linkCoastal cities are at the frontlines of climate change impacts, resulting in an urgent need for substantial adaptation. To understand whether, and to what extent, cities are on track to prepare for climate risks, this paper systematically assesses the academic literature to evaluate evidence on climate change adaptation in 199 coastal cities worldwide. Results show that adaptation in coastal cities is rather slow, of narrow scope and not transformative. Adaptation measures are predominantly designed based on past and current—rather than future—patterns in hazards, exposure and vulnerability. City governments, particularly in high-income countries, are more likely to implement institutional and infrastructural responses, whereas coastal cities in lower-middle-income countries often rely on households to implement behavioral adaptation. There is comparatively little published knowledge on coastal urban adaptation in low- and middle-income countries, and regarding particular adaptation types such as ecosystem-based adaptation. These insights make an important contribution for tracking adaptation progress globally and help to identify entry points for improving adaptation of coastal cities in the future
The Future as a Cultural Commons: Grammars of Commonality in Crisis‐Ridden Wilhelmsburg
Full text linkIn this article, I analyze how vulnerable yet resistant urban residents set out to “common” a particular phenomenon: the future. The scene in analysis is Wilhelmsburg, the southern section of the German city of Hamburg. Plagued by industrial pollution, infrastructural decay, and systemic poverty, Wilhelmsburg’s residents united themselves around the 2000s in an organization called Future Wilhelmsburg. Their goal? To get out of the crisis by commoning Wilhelmsburg’s future. Future Wilhelmsburg has engaged ever since in a continuous struggle—writing, blogging, researching, advocating, and protesting—to subject the neighborhood’s future to the wishes of its residents rather than to the top‐down projections of the urban governmental elite. The future of Wilhelmsburg is thus approached as a “cultural commons”: a symbolic construct that is collectively produced yet intrinsically vulnerable to enclosure. Against this background, I set out to sociologically explain Future Wilhelmsburg’s commoning of the future. How is it, precisely, that the activists united in Future Wilhelmsburg manage to turn the “not yet” into a meaningful matter of common concern? Laurent Thévenot’s “pragmatic sociology,” and more precisely his model of the three “grammars of commonality”—referring to the structuring principles through which social actors turn individual concerns into collective ones—allows us to answer this question. The article highlights how the “justificatory grammar" (structuring activists’ public argumentations), the “liberal grammar” (structuring their pinpointing of collective paths forward), and the “affective grammar” (structuring their affinity to place) all permeate the work of Future Wilhelmsburg as it sets out to turn the future into a cultural commons