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Application of a kinesiotherapy program in the rehabilitation of a child with CHARGE syndrome - Case Report
No full textCHARGE sindrom je rijetki genetski poremećaj obilježen brojnim kongenitalnim malformacijama i senzoričkim oštećenjima. Ključna mutacija u genu CHD7 uzrokuje širok spektar simptoma poput koloboma oka, srčanih mana te koanalne atrezije. Oštećenja sluha i vida, kao i motorički, kognitivni i socio-emocionalni izazovi značajno utječu na kvalitetu života oboljelih. Rana dijagnoza omogućuje pravovremenu intervenciju multidisciplinarnog tima stručnjaka, što je presudno za razvojne ishode djece. U prikazu slučaja djevojčice s CHARGE sindromom proveden je kineziterapijski program usmjeren na koordinaciju gornjih ekstremiteta i finu motoriku. Primjenom standardiziranih testova poput Bruininks-Oseretsky Testa (BOT-2) pokazano je da individualizirani rehabilitacijski pristup može značajno unaprijediti motoričke sposobnosti i samostalnost djece s CHARGE sindromom. Završni rad istražuje učinke primjene kineziterapijskog programa na funkcionalne sposobnosti djece s CHARGE sindromom.CHARGE syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by numerous congenital malformations and sensory impairments. A key mutation in the CHD7 gene causes a wide range of symptoms, including ocular coloboma, heart defects, and choanal atresia. Hearing and vision impairments, along with motor, cognitive, and socio-emotional challenges, significantly impact the quality of life of affected individuals. Early diagnosis enables timely intervention by a multidisciplinary team of specialists, which is critical for developmental outcomes in children. In the case study of a girl with CHARGE syndrome, a kinesitherapy program focused on upper limb coordination and fine motor skills was implemented. Using standardized assessments such as the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test (BOT-2), the study demonstrated that an individualized rehabilitation approach can significantly enhance motor abilities and independence in children with CHARGE syndrome. This thesis explores the effects of applying a kinesitherapy program on the functional abilities of children with CHARGE syndrome
Knowledge and attitudes of doctors and nurses about palliative care in primary health care in Šibenik-Knin County
No full textPalijativna skrb poboljšava kvalitetu života pacijenta i njihovih obitelji suočenih s problemima povezanim sa smrtonosnom bolešću. Karakteristična je po svom individualnom pristupu, te objedinjuje psihološke, duhovne i socijalne probleme pacijenata i obitelji. Palijativnu skrb pruža multidisciplinarni tim zdravstvenih i nezdravstvenih djelatnika. U primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti opću palijativnu skrb pružaju timovi liječnika obiteljske medicine, patronažne sestre, te zdravstvena njega u kući. Specijalističku palijativnu skrb u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti pružaju koordinatori za palijativnu skrb i mobilni palijativni timovi. Liječnici i medicinske sestre imaju bitnu ulogu u provođenju palijativnog pristupa, te njihovo znanje i posvećenosti bitan su temelj za kvalitetnu, cjelovitu i kontinuiranu skrb.
Kako bi se utvrdilo znanje i stavovi liječnika i medicinskih sestara i tehničara o palijativnoj skrbi u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti, provedeno je istraživanje ne području Šibensko-kninske županije. Istraživanjem znanja i stavova zdravstvenih djelatnika u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti obuhvaćeno je 130 ispitanika, liječnika i medicinskih sestara/tehničara.
Korišten je anketni upitnik koji se sastojao od tri dijela. Prvi dio odnosi se sociodemografske karakteristike. Drugi dio se odnosio na znanje o palijativnoj skrbi, te su korištena pitanja o palijativnoj skrbi preuzeta su iz Testa znanja o palijativnoj skrbi (PCKT). Za treći dio upitnika korištena je Frommelt skala stavova prema skrbi za umiruće (FATCOD).
Rezultati ukazuju na dobro znanje o palijativnoj skrbi ,s postotkom točnih odgovora od 61%. Medicinske sestre i tehničari imaju znatno niže znanje o palijativnoj skrbi od liječnika. Iako 82% ispitanika smatra dodatnu edukaciju o palijativnoj skrbi potrebnom tu je edukaciju prošlo tek 22% ispitanika. Ispitanici koji su prošli dodatnu edukaciju iz palijativne skrbi imaju očekivano bolje znanje o palijativnoj skrbi . Stavovi medicinskih djelatnika o palijativnoj skrbi pretežno pozitivni.Palliative care improves the quality of the patient’s life, and their families who are facing the problems associated with a terminal illness. It is characterized by its individual approach, and integrates the psychological, spiritual and social problems of patients and families. Palliative care is provided by a multidisciplinary team of health and non-health professionals. In primary health care, general palliative care is provided by teams of family doctors, community nurses and health home care. Specialist palliative care in primary health care is provided by palliative care coordinators and mobile palliative teams. Doctors and nurses play an important role in implementing a palliative approach, and their knowledge and commitment are an essential foundation for high-quality, comprehensive and continuous care.
To establish the knowledge and opinions of doctors, nurses and technicians about palliative care in primary health care, a survey was conducted in the Šibenik-Knin County. The survey of the knowledge and attitudes of health workers in primary health care included 130 respondents, doctors and nurses/technicians.
A survey consisting of three parts was used. The first part concerned socio-demographic characteristics. The second part concerned knowledge about palliative care, and the questions used about palliative care were taken from the Palliative Care Knowledge Test (PCKT). For the third part of the survey, the Frommelt Scale of Attitudes Towards Care for the Dying (FATCOD) was used.
According to the results obtained in this survey, knowledge about palliative care can be assessed as good, with a percentage of correct answers of 61%. Nurses and technicians have significantly lower knowledge about palliative care than doctors. Although 82% of respondents consider additional education about palliative care necessary, only 22% of respondents have completed this education. Respondents who have completed additional education in palliative care have, as expected, better knowledge about palliative care. The attitudes of medical professionals about palliative care are predominantly positive
Sepsis in intensive care units: a systematic literature review
No full textInfekcija se definira kao invazija i razmnožavanje mikroorganizama u tjelesnim tkivima, što može biti klinički neprimjetno ili rezultirati lokalnom staničnom ozljedom zbog kompetitivnog metabolizma, toksina, unutarstanične replikacije ili odgovora antigen-antitijelo. Sepsa predstavlja hitno medicinsko stanje koje opisuje sustavni imunološki odgovor tijela na infektivni proces koji može dovesti do krajnjeg stadija disfunkcije organa i smrti. Unatoč značajnom napretku u razumijevanju patofiziologije ovog kliničkog sindroma, napretku u alatima za praćenje hemodinamike i mjerama reanimacije, sepsa ostaje jedan od glavnih uzroka morbiditeta i mortaliteta u kritično bolesnih pacijenata. Sepsa se procjenjuje raznim laboratorijskim studijama, uključujući različite biomarkere bitne za dijagnozu, rano prepoznavanje težine, stratifikaciju rizika i prognozu. Početno liječenje bolesnika sa sumnjom na sepsu uključuje procjenu izvora infekcije, procjenu težine, liječenje i prevenciju hipotenzije, intravenoznu primjenu tekućina, vazopresore, antibiotike i kontrolu izvora infekcije. Ozbiljnost sepse utvrđuje se fizičkim pregledom i laboratorijskom procjenom. Cilj diplomskog rada je sustavnim pregledom literature opisati pojmove infekcije i sepse, njihove uzroke, podjelu, dijagnostiku i liječenje, kao i ulogu medicinskih sestara u pravovremenom prepoznavanju i liječenju iste. Nalazi iz pregleda literature mogu se praktično primijeniti u jedinicama intenzivnog liječenja, posebno za medicinske sestre.Infection is defined as the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, which may be clinically imperceptible or result in local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody responses. Sepsis is a medical emergency that describes the body's systemic immune response to an infectious process that can lead to end-stage organ dysfunction and death. Despite significant progress in understanding the pathophysiology of this clinical syndrome, advances in hemodynamic monitoring tools, and resuscitation measures, sepsis remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Sepsis is evaluated by a variety of laboratory studies, including various biomarkers essential for diagnosis, early recognition of severity, risk stratification, and prognosis. Initial management of patients with suspected sepsis includes evaluation of the source of infection, assessment of severity, treatment and prevention of hypotension, intravenous fluids, vasopressors, antibiotics, and control of the source of infection. Severity of sepsis is determined by physical examination and laboratory evaluation. The aim of the diploma thesis is to describe the concepts of infection and sepsis, their causes, classification, diagnosis and treatment, as well as the role of nurses in timely recognition and treatment of the same through a systematic literature review. Findings from the literature review can be practically applied in intensive care units, especially for nurses
The individual as an actor of cultural diplomacy
No full textKulturna diplomacija ima ključnu ulogu u promicanju međunarodnog razumijevanja i suradnje,
pri čemu uz službene diplomatske predstavnike i pojedinci mogu neformalno djelovati.
Završnim radom analiziran je rad gđe Dunje Pavelić Bezjak, Varaždinke s prebivalištem u
Mariboru, koja je svojim angažmanom značajno pridonijela kulturnoj razmjeni između
Republike Hrvatske i Republike Slovenije. Kroz projekte na području umjetnosti, obrazovanja,
humanitarnog rada i medijske promocije, gđa Pavelić Bezjak potvrdila je hipoteze o mogućnosti
pojedinca da kroz tzv. „meku moć" inicira međukulturni dijalog, unaprijedi kulturnu razmjenu
i djeluje kao suvremeni neslužbeni diplomat.
Rezultati studije pokazuju kako neformalni diplomati, koristeći jedinstvenu perspektivu života
u inozemstvu, mogu promovirati kulturne i obrazovne veze te pridonijeti boljim političkim
odnosima između država. Aktivnosti gđe Pavelić Bezjak, uključujući organizaciju izložbi,
koncerata, izdavanje publikacija i humanitarne inicijative, dokaz su važnosti osobne
posvećenosti u predstavljanju svoje domovine u međunarodnom kontekstu.
Zaključno, primjer gđe Bezjak potvrđuje kako pojedinci koji djeluju izvan formalnih
diplomatskih struktura mogu imati ključnu ulogu u kulturnoj diplomaciji, promovirajući
suradnju i razumijevanje među narodima. Ova studija slučaja naglašava važnost podrške
neformalnim akterima i njihovim inicijativama za razvoj međudržavnih odnosa.Cultural diplomacy is pivotal in fostering international understanding and cooperation, where
individuals can act as unofficial agents. This case study examines the work of Ms. Dunja
Pavelić Bezjak, a native of Varazdin residing in Maribor, whose efforts have significantly
contributed to cultural exchange between the Republic of Croatia and the Republic of Slovenia.
Through projects in art, education, humanitarian work, and media promotion, Ms. Pavelić
Bezjak has validated hypotheses about the ability of individuals to use "soft power" to initiate
intercultural dialogue, enhance cultural exchange, and act as modern unofficial diplomats.
The study's findings reveal that informal diplomats, leveraging their unique perspective of
living abroad, can promote cultural and educational ties while contributing to improved political
relations between countries. Ms. Pavelić Bezjak's activities, including organizing exhibitions,
concerts, publishing initiatives, and humanitarian efforts, underscore the importance of personal
dedication in representing one’s homeland internationally.
In conclusion, Ms. Bezjak's example confirms that individuals operating outside formal
diplomatic frameworks can play a crucial role in cultural diplomacy, fostering cooperation and
understanding between nations. This study highlights the importance of supporting informal
actors and their initiatives in the development of intergovernmental relations
3D design of the splitting device
No full textOvim radom prikazana je naprava za cijepanje pomoću 3D softverskog alata SolidWorks. Temeljem analize trenutnog stanja na tržištu, uočeno je kako postoje različite vrste strojeva za cijepanje koji su iznimno važni za pripremu drva za ogrjev, ali također i veoma skupi. U izradi rada, za potrebe 3D crtanja naprave, korišten je program SolidWorks kojim je moguće dizajnirati funkcionalan i efikasan cjepač drva. Pomoću SolidWorksa prikazane su sve pojedinačne komponente te konačan sklop cjepača. Također, analizirani su i svi parametri dizajna poput dimenzija, materijala, sigurnosti i dugotrajnosti. Rad naglašava prednosti korištenja 3D tehnologije u kućnoj radinosti, uključujući smanjenje troškova, povećanje preciznosti i prilagodljivosti alata prema specifičnim potrebama korisnika.This paper presents a wood splitting device using the 3D software tool SolidWorks. Based on the analysis of the current market situation, it was noted that there are various types of splitting machines that are extremely important for preparing wood for heating but are also very expensive. In the development of this paper, SolidWorks was used for the 3D design of the device, enabling the creation of a functional and efficient wood splitter. Using SolidWorks, all individual components and the final assembly of the splitter were displayed. Additionally, all design parameters such as dimensions, materials, safety, and durability were analyzed. The paper emphasizes the advantages of using 3D technology in home projects, including cost reduction, increased precision, and tool adaptability to meet specific user needs
Woodcut as an option of personal pictorial expression
No full textČovjek od pamtivijeka koristi drvo za razne svrhe, stoga ne čudi činjenica da su se u određenom
trenutku ljudske povijesti drvene ploče počele koristi za izradu pečata, uzoraka za otiskivanje
tkanina, a kasnije i za izradu kompleksnih umjetničkih dijela. Drvorez je najstarija grafička tehnika
visokog tiska. Pojam visoki tisak odnosi se na sve tiskovne površine (matrice) čiji se ispupčeni
dijelovi plohe otiskuju. U antici se tehnika drvoreza koristila za izradu pečata i uzoraka za tkanine.
Srednjovjekovni Europljani također su poznavali drvorez i koristi ga u iste svrhe, no svoj prvi veći
razvoj tehnika doživljava pod kraj 14. stoljeća kad započinje masovna proizvodnja papira na
europskom tlu. Prvi europski drvorezi otisnuti na papiru bili su igraće karte i sakralne slike (kao
amuleti, za molitvu), a ubrzo se počela koristiti i za otiskivanje knjiga. Smatra se kako je vrhunac
kvalitete umjetničkog izražaja, ali i vještine izrade drvoreza postignut krajem 14. stoljeća i tijekom
15. stoljeća – kad su neki od najboljih umjetnika tog vremena napravili svoje drvoreze. Sredinom
16. stoljeća drvorez odlazi u zaborav zbog pojave grafičkih tehnika dubokog tiska. Na dalekom
istoku, u Japanu, drvorez je poznat još od 6. stoljeća zahvaljujući kineskom utjecaju, no do
masovnog korištenja i razvoja tehnike došlo je tek u drugoj polovici 18. stoljeća. Japanski drvorez,
odnosno ukiyo-e stil slikarstva karakterističan je po svojoj tematici – najčešće je to bio prikaz
različitih scena iz svakodnevnog života. Osim karakteristične žanrovski kategorizirane tematike,
specifične uporabe perspektive i oblikovanja likova bez osjenčavanja, japanski drvorez se ističe
prije svega zbog upotrebe boja – od nekoliko njih pa do više desetaka različitih boja. Masovna
izrada drvoreza zahtijevala je pomnu organizaciju i suradnju između izdavača, slikara, drvoresca i
tiskara. Popularnost mu otpada početkom 20. stoljeća kao rezultat nagle industrijalizacije Japana.
Ukiyo-e stil je dosta utjecao na radove europskih impresionista, art nouveau, a posredno i na
ekspresionizam. Njemački ekspresionisti (kolektiv die Brücke) su za svoju produhovljenu,
antinaturalističku umjetnost najčešće koristili drvorez. Ekspresionisti su proces izrade drvoreza
asocirali sa neiskvarenim razdobljem, odnosno sa razdobljem kad je čovjek bio bliži s prirodom.
Iako je kolektiv bio kratkog vijeka, njihova upotreba drvoreza potaknula je u Europi ponovno veći
interes za tu tehniku.People have used wood for various purposes since time immemorial, so it is not surprising that in a
certain point of human history wooden boards began to be used to make seals, patterns for printing
fabrics and later to create complex pieces of art. Woodcut is the oldest printmaking technique (in
this master’s thesis referred as graphic technique) of relief printing. The term relief printing refers to
all printing surfaces (matrices) whose raised parts of the surface are printed. In antiquity,
woodblock printing was used to make seals and patterns for fabrics. Medieval Europeans also knew
that technique and used it for the same purposes, but the technique experienced its first major
development towards the end of the 14th century, when mass production of paper began on
European soil. The first European woodcuts printed on paper were playing cards and sacred images
(as amulets, for prayer) and it soon began to be used for printing books. It is believed that the peak
of the quality of artistic expression, as well as the skill of making woodcuts, was reached in the late
14th century and during the 15th century – when some of the best artists of the time made their
woodcuts. In the mid-16th century, woodcuts fell into oblivion due to the advent of printmaking
techniques of intaglio printing. In the far East, in Japan, woodcuts have been known since the 6th
century thanks to Chinese influence, but the technique did not become widely used and developed
until the second half of the 18th century. Japanese woodcuts, or ukiyo-e, are characterized by their
subject matter – most often depicting various scenes from everyday life. In addition to the
characteristic genre-categorized themes, specific use of perspective, and the design of figures
without shading, Japanese woodcuts stand out primarily for their use of colors – from a few to
dozens of different colors. The mass productions of woodcuts required careful organization and
cooperation between publishers, painters, woodcutters and printers. Its popularity declined in the
early 20th century as a result of the rapid industrialization of Japan. The ukiyo-e style greatly
influenced the work of European impressionists, art nouveau, and indirectly expressionism. The
German expressionists (the die Brücke collective) most often used woodcuts for their spiritualized,
anti-naturalistic art. The expressionists associated the process of making woodcuts with an
uncorrupted era, that is, with a period when man was closer to nature. Although the collective was
short-lived, their use of woodcuts stimulated renewed interest in the technique in Europe
Analysis and redesign of the H&M logotype in the context of luxury branding
No full textOvaj završni rad analizira logotip brenda H&M kroz usporedbu masovnog i luksuznog brendiranja. Cilj rada bio je istražiti na koji način se kroz promjene u vizualnim elementima poput tipografije, boje i kompozicije može postići percepcija luksuza unutar konteksta masovno dostupnog brenda. Rad se temelji na teorijskoj podlozi o vizualnom identitetu, razlikama između masovnih i luksuznih brendova te njihovim vizualnim identitetima, kao i pojmu rebrandinga s naglaskom na redizajn logotipa. Provedena je analiza postojećeg H&M logotipa, zatim je izrađen novi dizajn koji vizualno predstavlja ekskluzivnost, sofisticiranost i eleganciju karakterističnu za luksuzne modne marke. U praktičnom dijelu prikazan je proces odabira vizualnih elemenata, skiciranja koncepta, sve do primjene novog logotipa u različitim medijima. Također, rezultati provedene ankete potvrdili su da redizajnirani logotip H&M-a u luksuznom stilu kod ispitanika izaziva dojam prestiža i kvalitete, što potvrđuje uspješnost dizajnerskog pristupa. Rad doprinosi razumijevanju važnosti vizualnog identiteta u percepciji brenda i otvara mogućnosti strateške transformacije masovnih marki prema višem tržišnom segmentu.This thesis analyzes the H&M brand logo through a comparison of mass-market and luxury branding. The aim of the study was to explore how changes in visual elements such as typography, color, and composition can create a perception of luxury within the context of a widely accessible brand. The work is based on a theoretical foundation of visual identity, the differences between mass and luxury brands and their visual identities, as well as the concept of rebranding with an emphasis on logo redesign. An analysis of the existing H&M logo was conducted, followed by the creation of a new design that visually represents exclusivity, sophistication, and elegance characteristic of luxury fashion brands. The practical part presents the process of selecting visual elements, sketching the concept, and applying the new logo across various media. Additionally, the results of a conducted survey confirmed that the redesigned H&M logo in a luxury style evokes a sense of prestige and quality among respondents, validating the success of the design approach. This thesis contributes to the understanding of the importance of visual identity in brand perception and opens possibilities for the strategic transformation of mass-market brands toward a higher market segment
Public relations models and techniques based on the example od large retail chains in the Republic of Croatia
No full textOvaj rad bavi se modelima i tehnikama odnosa s javnošću s posebnim naglaskom na njihovu primjenu u trgovačkim lancima u Republici Hrvatskoj. Teorijski dio rada obrađuje klasične modele odnosa s javnošću prema Grunigu i Huntu, kao i vizualne, pisane, govorne i event tehnike, uključujući utjecaj novih tehnologija poput interneta, društvenih mreža, e-maila i blogova. Poseban fokus stavljen je na konkretne komunikacijske prakse u kontekstu trgovačkih lanaca, pri čemu su analizirani izazovi i trendovi, kao i uloga odnosa s javnošću u izgradnji lojalnosti, povjerenja i pozitivnog imidža.
Empirijski dio rada temelji se na provedenom anketnom istraživanju među potrošačima u Hrvatskoj, koje je pružilo uvid u percepciju javnosti o komunikacijskim aktivnostima trgovačkih lanaca. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju kako potrošači najviše cijene dostupnost, cijenu i kvalitetu proizvoda, dok PR aktivnosti imaju umjeren utjecaj na njihove kupovne navike i lojalnost. Istovremeno, komunikacija putem društvenih mreža i programa lojalnosti prepoznata je kao važan faktor za jačanje imidža i povjerenja, iako još uvijek postoji prostor za napredak, posebno u segmentu brzine odgovora na kritike i personalizacije ponuda.
Na temelju rezultata istraživanja predložene su preporuke za unapređenje odnosa s javnošću u trgovačkim lancima, s naglaskom na transparentnost, dvosmjernu komunikaciju i korištenje integriranih komunikacijskih kanala. Rad doprinosi razumijevanju suvremenih komunikacijskih strategija i otvara prostor za daljnja istraživanja u području odnosa s javnošću u maloprodaji.This thesis explores public relations models and techniques with a particular focus on their application in retail chains in the Republic of Croatia. The theoretical part discusses classical public relations models according to Grunig and Hunt, as well as visual, written, oral, and event-based techniques, including the impact of new technologies such as the internet, social media, email, and blogs. Special attention is given to communication practices within retail chains, analyzing current challenges, trends, and the role of public relations in building customer loyalty, trust, and a positive brand image.
The empirical part is based on a survey conducted among consumers in Croatia, providing insight into public perception of retail chains' communication activities. The results show that consumers primarily value product availability, price, and quality, while PR activities have a moderate impact on purchasing behavior and loyalty. At the same time, communication through social media and loyalty programs is recognized as important for enhancing brand image and trust, although there is still room for improvement, particularly in response time to criticism and offer personalization.
Based on the research findings, recommendations are provided for improving public relations in retail chains, emphasizing transparency, two-way communication, and the use of integrated communication channels. This thesis contributes to the understanding of modern communication strategies and opens avenues for further research in the field of public relations in retail
Physiotherapy approach in multiple sclerosis
No full textMultipla skleroza (MS) je kronična, upalna, autoimuna i demijelinizacijska bolest središnjeg živčanog sustava koja prvenstveno pogađa mlađe osobe, češće žene nego muškarce. Bolest je karakterizirana propadanjem mijelinske ovojnice neurona te ima dvije faze, a to su faza relapsa i faza remisije. Faza relapsa označava period pogoršanja bolesti, dok faza remisije označava mirovanje bolesti. Karakterizirana je i pojavom različitih kliničkih manifestacija kao što su poremećaji koordinacije, slabost mišića, problemi s hodom, umor, spastičnost i smetnje govora i vida. Multipla skleroza bolest je nepredvidivog tijeka i različitih oblika (relapsno-remitentni, primarno-progresivni, sekundarno-progresivni i progresivno-relapsni) te zahtijeva individualiziran, multidiscipliniran i holistički terapijski pristup. Jedan od temeljnih elemenata fizioterapijskog pristupa je individualna procjena funkcionalnog statusa pacijenta. Fizioterapijska procjena uključuje primjenu kliničkih testova za procjenu hoda, snage mišića, spastičnosti, ravnoteže i onesposobljenosti. Na temelju procjene izrađuje se plan terapije koji u obzir uzima specifične simptome, fazu bolesti, stupanj onesposobljenosti i opće zdravstveno stanje pacijenta. Fizioterapijske intervencije uključuju primjenu fizikalnih čimbenika, Bobath terapije, hipoterapije te primjenu i edukaciju o terapijskim vježbama. Terapijsko vježbanje ima ključnu ulogu u rehabilitaciji osoba s multiplom sklerozom. Provode se vježbe disanja, aerobne vježbe, vježbe istezanja, snage, ravnoteže, Frenkelove vježbe i vježbe za mišiće dna zdjelice. Cilj rehabilitacije osoba s multiplom sklerozom je očuvanje i poboljšanje funkcionalnih sposobnosti, povećanje samostalnosti i kvalitete života kao i usporavanje progresije simptoma.Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that primarily affects younger people, more often women than men. The disease is characterized by the deterioration of the myelin sheath of neurons and has two phases, namely the relapse phase and the remission phase. The relapse phase indicates a period of worsening of the disease, while the remission phase indicates a period of quiescence of the disease. It is also characterized by the appearance of various clinical manifestations such as coordination disorders, muscle weakness, gait problems, fatigue, spasticity and speech and vision disorders. Multiple sclerosis is a disease with an unpredictable course and different forms (relapsing-remitting, primary-progressive, secondary-progressive and progressive-relapsing) and requires an individualized, multidisciplinary and holistic therapeutic approach. One of the fundamental elements of the physiotherapy approach is the individual assessment of the patient's functional status. Physiotherapy assessment includes the use of clinical tests to assess gait, muscle strength, spasticity, balance and disability. Based on the assessment, a treatment plan is developed that takes into account the specific symptoms, stage of the disease, degree of disability and the patient's general health. Physiotherapy interventions include the application of electrotherapy, Bobath therapy, hippotherapy, and education of therapeutic exercises. Therapeutic exercise plays a key role in the rehabilitation of people with multiple sclerosis. Breathing exercises, aerobic exercises, stretching, strength, balance, Frenkel exercises and pelvic floor exercises are performed. The goal of rehabilitation of people with multiple sclerosis is to preserve and improve functional abilities, increase independence and quality of life, as well as slow down the progression of symptoms
Development of a GIS application for field collection of point-based geospatial data
No full textOvaj rad opisuje postupak izrade jednostavne WebGIS aplikacije za terensko prikupljanje točkastih geoprostornih podataka u Republici Hrvatskoj pomoću geolokacije korisnika u stvarnom vremenu. Aplikacija pod nazivom „Geokolektor“ razvijena je korištenjem dostupnih web tehnologija i alata HTML, CSS i JavaScript te OpenLayers biblioteke za prikaz i upravljanje geoprostornim podacima kao i bilježenje koordinate i vrijednosti jednog atributa. Kao rezultat rada, razvijena je responzivna aplikacija dostupna putem internetskog preglednika pomoću GitHub Pages servisa, koja omogućuje korisnicima prikupljanje i spremanje geoprostornih točkastih značajki u datoteku s GeoJSON zapisom podataka. Provedeno je terensko testiranje rada izrađene aplikacije temeljeno na preuzimanju koordinata lokacije internim, mobilnim GPS-om te korištenjem povezane vanjske, „pametne“ antene Leica FLX100 plus. Obrada, analiza i vizualizacija dobivenih rezultata provedena je u softveru QGIS te su izneseni i komentirani zaključci o točnosti površina poligona kao i mogućnosti korištenja mobilnog i vanjskog GPS-a uz razvijenu aplikaciju Geokolektor.This paper describes the development process of a simple WebGIS application for field collection of point-based geospatial data in the Republic of Croatia using real-time user geolocation. The application, named „Geokolektor“, was developed using available web technologies and tools such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, along with the OpenLayers library for displaying and managing geospatial data, as well as for recording coordinates and a single attribute value. As a result of this work, a responsive application was created and made accessible via a web browser using the GitHub Pages service. It allows users to collect and save geospatial point features into a file with GeoJSON-formatted data. Field testing of the developed application was conducted, based on location coordinate acquisition using the internal, mobile GPS and an external, „smart“ antenna, Leica FLX100 plus. The processing, analysis, and visualization of the collected data were performed in the QGIS software. The paper presents and discusses the conclusions regarding the accuracy of polygon areas, as well as the usability of both mobile and external GPS service in combination with the developed Geokolektor application