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Application of Artificial Intelligence in Web Page Design Generation
No full textRazvoj umjetne inteligencije (AI) donosi značajne promjene u području web dizajna. AI omogućuje automatizirano generiranje funkcionalnog koda, ali upitna je mogućnost generiranja vizualno privlačnih sučelja. AI alati sve češće preuzimaju ulogu dizajnera, donose odluke o tipografiji, bojama, rasporedu elemenata i vizualnoj hijerarhiji. Ovo otvara pitanje u kojoj mjeri AI može generirati inovativne i estetski usklađene web stranice te koliko uspješno poštuje temeljne principe dizajna korisničkog sučelja.
Cilj ovog rada je ispitati sposobnost komercijalnih AI modela u generiranju koda za privlačno web sučelje koje prati osnovna pravila dizajna. Provedeno testiranje uključuje evaluaciju dizajnerskih odluka koje AI donosi te usporedbu s uobičajenim principima web dizajna.
Istraživački dio rada sastoji se od analize pet AI generiranih dizajna prema kriterijima vizualne hijerarhije, dosljednosti, tipografiji i čitljivosti, bojama te inovativnosti i estetici. Dobiveni rezultati pružaju uvid u prednosti i ograničenja AI modela u web dizajnu te mogućnosti njihove primjene u stvarnim projektima.The development of artificial intelligence (AI) is bringing significant changes to the field of web design. AI enables the automated generation of functional code, but its ability to create visually appealing interfaces remains questionable. AI tools are increasingly taking on the role of designers, making decisions about typography, colors, element layout, and visual hierarchy. This raises the question of to what extent AI can generate innovative and aesthetically coherent websites while successfully adhering to fundamental user interface design principles.
The aim of this paper is to examine the capability of commercial AI models in generating code for visually appealing web interfaces that follow basic design principles. The conducted testing includes an evaluation of the design decisions made by AI and a comparison with conventional web design principles.
The practical part of the study consists of an analysis of five AI-generated designs based on criteria such as visual hierarchy, consistency, typography and readability, colors and innovativeness. The obtained results provide insight into the advantages and limitations of AI models in web design, as well as their potential applications in real-world projects
Mapping Urban Expansion of the City of Pula Using Sentinel-2 Data and Land Cover Classification
No full textU ovom završnom radu analizirano je urbano širenje grada Pule u razdoblju od 2015. do 2024.
godine korištenjem Sentinel-2 satelitskih snimki i alata za obradu prostornih podataka u programu
QGIS. Satelitske snimke preuzete su sa Copernicus Browser-a te su obrađene pomoću Semi-
Automatic Classification Plugin-a (SCP). Analiza je provedena na temelju NDBI (Normalized
Difference Built-up Index) indeksa, čime su definirane četiri klase pokrova: voda, šuma, niska
vegetacija i urbano područje. Za klasifikaciju su korišteni algoritmi Minimum Distance i Random
Forest, pri čemu je Random Forest dao točnije rezultate u identifikaciji urbanih površina. Na
temelju dobivenih klasifikacija izračunata je razlika dviju klasifikacija i time je dobiveno širenje
urbanih područja od 2015. do 2024. godine.In this final thesis, urban expansion of the city of Pula was analyzed for the period from 2015 to
2024 using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and spatial data processing tools in the QGIS software.
Satellite images were downloaded from the Copernicus Browser and processed using the Semi-
Automatic Classification Plugin (SCP). The analysis was based on the NDBI (Normalized
Difference Built-up Index), which enabled the classification of four land cover classes: water,
forest, low vegetation, and urban area. Two classification algorithms were used: Minimum
Distance and Random Forest, with Random Forest providing more accurate results in identifying
urban areas. Based on the obtained classifications, the difference between the two time points was
calculated, resulting in an assessment of urban expansion between 2015 and 2024
Testing 3D laser scanner Trimble SX10 at different distances from the object
No full textRad opisuje osnovne pojmove vezane uz tehnologiju laserskog skeniranja, s naglaskom na karakteristike i primjenu 3D skenera Trimble SX10. Objašnjava se princip rada LiDAR sustava, načine prikupljanja podataka te formiranje oblaka točaka. Detaljnije se analizira utjecaj udaljenosti laserskog skenera od objekta i skeniranja u odnosu na gustoću i točnost dobivenih podataka. Prikazan je pregled skenera različitih dometa te usporedba njihovih tehničkih mogućnosti.
Rad uključuje provedbu praktičnog mjerenja na terenu pomoću 3D laserskog skenera Trimble SX10 na definiranim udaljenostima. Prikupljeni podaci obra eni su u softveru za obradu oblaka točaka TBC (Trimble Business Center), a pruža se i analiza rezultata u kontekstu primjena gustoće i preciznosti u odnosu na udaljenosti.
Rezultati su prikazani grafički. A zaključci su doneseni na temelju dobivenih podataka i usporedbe s tehničkom dokumentacijom ure aja. Cilj rada je definirati optimalne uvjete za upotrebu skenera u geodetsko-geomatičkoj praksi.The paper describes the basic concepts related to laser scanning technology, with an emphasis on the characteristics and application of the Trimble SX10 3D scanner. The principle of operation of the LiDAR system, the method of data collection and point cloud formation are explained. The influence of the distance of the laser scanner from the object and the scan in relation to te density and accuracy of the obtained data is analyzed in more detail. An overview of scanners with different ranges and a comparison of their tehnical capabilities are presented.
The paper includes the implementation of practical field measurements using the Trimble SX10 3D laser scanner at defined distances. The collected dana were processed in the TBC (Trimble Business Center) point cloud processing software, and the results are presented and analyzed in the context of the application of density and accuracy in relation to distances.
The results are presented graphically. Conclusions are drawn based on the obtained dana and comparison eith the tehnical documentation of the device. Thea im of the pape ris to define optimal conditions for the use of the scanner in geodetic and geomatic practice
Applying the circular economy in the packaging industry
No full textOvaj diplomski rad bavi se primjenom kružnog gospodarstva u ambalažnoj industriji, s naglaskom na analizu tehnoloških rješenja, zakonodavnog okvira i konkretnih primjera iz prakse. Kroz kvalitativnu analizu literature i studije slučaja obrađeni su ključni mehanizmi kao što su ekološki dizajn, recikliranje, sustavi povrata ambalaže, digitalna označavanja i procjena životnog ciklusa (LCA). Poseban naglasak stavljen je na heterogenost ambalažnog otpada kao prepreku učinkovitom recikliranju te na važnost standardizacije materijala i poticanja inovacija. U okviru rada obrađene su dvije studije slučaja (Tetra Pak i Nestlé), koje prikazuju različite strategije korporativne održivosti u praksi, potvrđujući da kružno gospodarstvo može biti uspješno implementirano kroz tehnološke inovacije, partnersku suradnju i edukaciju potrošača. Rad također ističe ekološke, gospodarske i društvene koristi ovog pristupa, ali i izazove koji proizlaze iz neusklađenog zakonodavstva i niske razine svijesti. Zaključno, rad donosi konkretne preporuke za industriju i zakonodavce te naglašava važnost integriranog pristupa u kojem su svi sudionici, od proizvođača do krajnjih korisnika, uključeni u ostvarenje ciljeva kružnog gospodarstva.This thesis explores the application of the circular economy in the packaging industry, with a focus on the analysis of technological solutions, regulatory frameworks, and real-world case examples. Through qualitative literature analysis and case studies, key mechanisms such as eco-design, recycling, packaging return systems, digital labeling, and life cycle assessment (LCA) are examined. Special attention is given to the heterogeneity of packaging waste as an obstacle to effective recycling and the importance of material standardization and innovation. The thesis presents two case studies (Tetra Pak and Nestlé), which illustrate different corporate sustainability strategies in practice, confirming that circular economy principles can be successfully implemented through technological innovation, stakeholder collaboration, and consumer education. The research also highlights the environmental, economic, and social benefits of this approach, as well as the challenges arising from uncoordinated legislation and low public awareness. In conclusion, the thesis offers concrete recommendations for industry and policymakers and emphasizes the need for an integrated approach in which all stakeholders, from producers to end users, are involved in achieving circular economy goals
Aplplication of Satellite Imagery in the Analysis of Urban Heat Islands in the City of Varaždin
No full textU ovom radu je analiziran fenomen urbanih toplinskih otoka (UTO) na području grada Varaždina, s ciljem kvantificiranja i usporedbe prostorno-vremenskih promjena površinske temperature zemljišta (LST) u razdoblju od 2014. do 2024. godine. Varaždin je odabran kao reprezentativan primjer srednje velikog grada koji je tijekom posljednjeg desetljeća prošao kroz vidljive procese urbanizacije, uključujući širenje građevinskih zona, razvoj prometne infrastrukture i smanjenje zelenih površina. Analiza se temelji na satelitskim podacima iz misije Landsat 8, preuzetima putem USGS Earth Explorera, uz korištenje otvorenog softvera QGIS za obradu i interpretaciju podataka.
U radu su obrađeni termalni i multispektralni kanali satelitskih snimki te su izračunati relevantni indeksi: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) i Land Surface Temperature (LST). Analiza je provedena za dva ljetna prizora visoke kvalitete (7. srpnja 2014. i 11. srpnja 2024.), kada je UTO efekt najizraženiji. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da se srednja LST vrijednost za mjesec srpanj povećala s 26,31 °C (2014.) na 30,72 °C (2024.), uz istovremeni pad vrijednosti NDVI-a i porast NDBI-a, što ukazuje na smanjenje vegetacije i porast izgrađenih površina.
Vizualna interpretacija tematskih karata potvrđuje širenje i intenziviranje toplinskih zona unutar gradskog područja, osobito na rubnim dijelovima gdje su se razvijala nova naselja i komercijalne zone. Rezultati upućuju na jasno izražen odnos između urbanizacije i pojave UTO-a, čime se potvrđuje postavljena hipoteza da je došlo do rasta temperatura kao posljedice promjene strukture prostora.
Zaključno, ovaj rad potvrđuje korisnost metoda daljinskih istraživanja i GIS alata u detekciji i analizi UTO-a, a rezultati mogu poslužiti kao podloga za buduće prostorno planiranje, zelene strategije i mjere prilagodbe klimatskim promjenama na lokalnoj razini.This study analyzes the phenomenon of urban heat islands (UHI) in the area of the city of Varaždin, with the aim of quantifying and comparing the spatio-temporal changes in land surface temperature (LST) over the period from 2014 to 2024. Varaždin was selected as a representative example of a medium-sized city that has undergone visible urbanization processes in the past decade, including the expansion of built-up areas, development of transport infrastructure, and reduction of green spaces. The analysis is based on satellite data from the Landsat 8 mission, downloaded via the USGS Earth Explorer platform, and processed using the open-source software QGIS for data analysis and interpretation.
Thermal and multispectral bands of satellite imagery were processed, and relevant indices were calculated: the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and Land Surface Temperature (LST). The analysis was conducted for two high-quality summer scenes (7 July 2014 and 11 July 2024), when the UHI effect is typically most pronounced. The results show that the average LST value for the month of July increased from 26.31 °C (2014) to 30.72 °C (2024), accompanied by a decrease in NDVI values and an increase in NDBI values, indicating a reduction in vegetation and an increase in built-up areas.
Visual interpretation of thematic maps confirms the expansion and intensification of heat zones within the urban area, particularly in peripheral zones where new residential and commercial developments have emerged. The results indicate a clearly defined relationship between urbanization and the occurrence of UHI, thereby confirming the initial hypothesis that rising temperatures are a consequence of changes in land cover structure.
In conclusion, this study confirms the usefulness of remote sensing methods and GIS tools in detecting and analyzing UHI phenomena. The results can serve as a basis for future spatial planning, green strategies, and climate change adaptation measures at the local level
Parking Management: Strategies for the Sustainable Development of Urban Areas
No full textU današnjim urbanim sredinama upravljanje parkiranjem postaje sve veći izazov, osobito u gradovima gdje broj vozila raste iz godine u godinu. Parkirališni prostor često je ograničen, a potražnja za njime sve veća, što dovodi do problema poput prometnih zagušenja, nezadovoljstva građana i narušavanja funkcionalnosti gradskih središta. U radu će se obraditi ključni aspekti parkiranja s ciljem boljeg razumijevanja važnosti pravilnog upravljanja parkirališnim sustavima te pronalaska mogućih rješenja za poboljšanje postojećeg stanja. Kroz pet poglavlja analizirat će se teorijske postavke parkiranja i upravljanja parkirališnim prostorom, definirati osnovni pojmovi i oblici parkiranja te prikazati problemi i izazovi s kojima se susreću korisnici, osobito u urbanim središtima poput Varaždina. Poseban naglasak stavit će se na analizu konkretne situacije u gradu Varaždinu, uključujući rezultate anketnog istraživanja provedenog među građanima. Dobiveni odgovori pomogli su u sagledavanju stvarnih problema i potreba korisnika parkirališnog sustava, što je poslužilo kao temelj za izradu prijedloga poboljšanja. Rad pruža uvid u moguće mjere i strategije za učinkovitije upravljanje parkirnim prostorom, kao što su vremenska ograničenja, prilagodba cijena, gradnja dodatnih kapaciteta te primjena suvremenih tehnologija. Cilj rada je prikazati da kvalitetno upravljanje parkiranjem može značajno pridonijeti održivom razvoju grada i većem zadovoljstvu građana, uz istovremeno očuvanje funkcionalnosti i pristupačnosti gradskih sadržaja.In modern urban environments, parking management represents a growing challenge, especially in cities with an increasing number of vehicles. Limited parking capacity and rising demand lead to traffic congestion, user dissatisfaction, and reduced functionality of city centers. This paper explores key aspects of parking systems with the aim of highlighting the importance of effective management and proposing potential solutions for improvement.
The research includes a theoretical overview of parking concepts and management strategies, identifies main forms and issues related to parking, and analyzes specific conditions in the city of Varaždin. Special emphasis is placed on the interpretation of survey results conducted among residents, which provided insight into user needs and real-life challenges within the existing parking system.
Based on the findings, the paper proposes several strategies for more sustainable and efficient parking management, including time limitations, pricing adjustments, capacity expansion, and the use of smart technologies. The ultimate goal is to demonstrate that well-managed parking can significantly contribute to the sustainable development of urban areas and improved quality of life for citizens
Protection of personal data on the Internet
No full textU ovom radu obrađuje se tema zaštite osobnih podataka na internetu. Stoga prvi dio rada pobliže analizira i objašnjava pojam zaštite podataka, te što je to osobni podatak i kako se obrađuje.
Nadalje analizira se Opća uredba o zaštiti podataka odnosno GDPR, te se definira sam pojam GDPR, te prava koja se temeljem Uredba donose. Osim GDPR analizira se i Agencija za zaštitu osobnih podataka u Hrvatskoj odnosno AZOP, navode se misija, vizija i određeni zadatci koje Agencija obavlja.
Zadnji dio rada bazira se na kvantitativnom istraživanju u obliku ankete. Istraživanje je napravljeno s ciljem bolje spoznaje mišljenja i nekih određenih navika ispitanika prilikom korištenja prvenstveno društvenih mreža u neke slobodne svrhe. Kako bi se bolje razumjela sama percepcija ispitanika vezana za zaštitu osobnih podataka postavljena pitanja percipirana su na način prilikom kojeg otkrivamo koliko znanja ispitanici imaju o samoj zaštiti osobnih podataka, te koliko su svjesni određenih opasnosti koje dolaze s njom. Nadalje iskazuje se sama analiza dobivenih podataka, te za sam kraj rada ispisuje se zaključak.This paper deals with the topic of personal data protection on the Internet. Therefore, the first part of the paper analyzes and explains the concept of data protection, what is personal data and how it is processed.
Furthermore, the General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, is analyzed, and the term GDPR itself is defined, as well as the rights based on which the Regulation is enacted. In addition to the GDPR, the Agency for the Protection of Personal Data in Croatia, i.e. AZOP, is also analysed, the mission, vision and specific tasks performed by the Agency are stated.
The last part of the paper is based on quantitative research in the form of a survey. The research was done with the aim of better understanding the opinions and certain habits of respondents when using primarily social networks for some free purposes. In order to better understand the respondents' perception of personal data protection, the questions were perceived in a way that reveals how much knowledge the respondents have about the protection of personal data, and how aware they are of certain dangers that come with it. Furthermore, the analysis of the obtained data is presented, and a conclusion is written at the very end of the paper
The influence of a speaker's presence on the perception of expertise and credibility in public
No full textOvaj diplomski rad istražuje utjecaj izgleda i odijevanja govornika na percepciju stručnosti, vjerodostojnosti i autoriteta u javnom nastupu. U teorijskom dijelu analiziraju se aspekti neverbalne komunikacije s naglaskom na odjeću kao komunikacijski alat, simbolički značaj uniforme, diplomatsku i profesionalnu odjeću te ostale vizualne elemente izgleda govornika. Kroz kvantitativno istraživanje provedeno na uzorku od 219 ispitanika ispitani su stavovi publike o utjecaju različitih obilježja izgleda govornika (odjeća, šminka, frizura, glas, visina i stas) na percepciju njihove stručnosti i vjerodostojnosti. Rezultati su pokazali da profesionalan i uredan izgled, umjerena šminka, dubok glas i atletska građa pozitivno utječu na percepciju izlagača. Rad ukazuje na važnost svjesnog oblikovanja neverbalnih poruka u javnim nastupima, posebno u kontekstu predstavljanja stručnosti.This thesis explores the impact of a speaker’s appearance and clothing on the perception of expertise, credibility, and authority in public speaking. The theoretical framework analyzes aspects of nonverbal communication, focusing on clothing as a communication tool, the symbolic significance of uniforms, diplomatic and professional dress codes, and other visual elements of a speaker’s appearance. A quantitative study was conducted with 219 participants to examine how various features of a speaker’s appearance (clothing, makeup, hairstyle, voice, height, and physique) influence perceptions of their expertise and credibility. Results indicate that a professional and tidy appearance, moderate makeup, a deep voice, and an athletic build positively affect the audience’s perception. The thesis highlights the importance of consciously shaping nonverbal messages in public speaking, particularly when conveying professionalism
Conceptual model of business analytics using data analytics realized by applying BI tools for the purpose of assessing the contribution of foreign workers to the regional development of Croatia
No full textMigracije kao i njihov utjecaj na razvoj ljudskog društva dotiču svaki dio poznate nam povijesti, modeliraju ga, preoblikuju i stvaraju nove korelacije, nove vrijednosti kao i nove načine života. Dolazi do prijenosa znanja, ljudi i tehnologije, što ubrzava napredak pojedinih društava, dok globalna povezanost istovremeno gradi temelje za njegovo ujednačavanje. Trenutna geopolitička situacija značajno potiče migracije koje su bitno brže nego li ikada u povijesti. Istovremeno, znanje, tehnologija i njena primjena znatno olakšavaju i ubrzavaju procese (rad, učenje, umjetnost, trgovinu i ostala područja ljudskog djelovanja), čine ih jednostavnijima, jeftinijima i strukturiranijima. No, svi ti procesi i globalno dostupni izvori, ujedno donose i mnoštvo podataka koje je nezamislivo teško procesirati bez pomoći poslovne analitike. Razvoj konceptualnih modela poslovne analitike donio je rješenja kako nestrukturirane podatke pretvoriti u korisne informacije, kako doći do znanja i uvida, koji uz korištenje deskriptivnih, prediktivnih i preskriptivnih alata čine temelj za kvalitetno donošenje odluka i anticipiranje budućnosti. Kombinacijom poslovne inteligencije Microsoft Power BI, statističkog alata IBM SPSS Statistics i stvarnih iskustava iz prakse, ovaj rad pruža višedimenzionalan uvid u ulogu stranih radnika u hrvatskom gospodarstvu, naglašavajući potrebu za uravnoteženim pristupom koji uzima u obzir i ekonomske benefite, ali i društvene aspekte njihove integracije. Cilj rada je istražiti stavove i iskustva poslodavaca u Republici Hrvatskoj o zapošljavanju stranih radnika i usporediti ih s kvantitativnim podacima koji prikazuju njihov stvarni utjecaj na gospodarstvo. U tom kontekstu, rad nastoji odgovoriti na nekoliko istraživačkih pitanja: Postoji li nesrazmjer između percepcije i stvarnog doprinosa stranih radnika u hrvatskom gospodarstvu? Jesu li strani radnici prepoznati od strane poslodavaca kao bitan resurs za ostvarenje planirane poslovne aktivnosti i produktivnosti? Jesu li strani radnici u Hrvatskoj najzastupljeniji u sektorima gdje postoji manjak domaće radne snage, s najvećom koncentracijom u sektoru industrije i županijama gdje su više neto plaće? Ima li zapošljavanje stranih radnika statistički značajan utjecaj na razvoj i održivost gospodarske aktivnosti u Republici Hrvatskoj?Migration and its impact on the development of human society touch every part of known history, (re)shaping it and creating new correlations, new values and new ways of life. There is a transfer of knowledge, people and technology, which accelerates the progress of individual societies, while global connectivity simultaneously builds the foundations for its unification. The current geopolitical situation significantly encourages migrations that are significantly faster than ever before in history. At the same time, knowledge, technology and its application significantly facilitate and accelerate processes (work, learning, art, trade and other areas of human activity), making them simpler, cheaper and more structured. However, all these processes and globally available sources also bring a wealth of data that is unimaginably difficult to process without the help of business intelligence. The development of conceptual models of business intelligence has brought solutions to how to turn unstructured data into useful information, how to gain knowledge and insight, which, with the use of descriptive, predictive and prescriptive tools, form the basis for quality decision-making and anticipation of the future. By combining Microsoft Power BI business intelligence, IBM SPSS Statistics statistical tool and real-world experiences, this paper provides a multidimensional insight into the role of foreign workers in the Croatian economy, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that takes into account both the economic benefits and the social aspects of their integration. The aim of the paper is to explore the attitudes and experiences of employers in the Croatia regarding the employment of foreign workers and compare them with quantitative data showing their real impact on the economy. In this context, the paper seeks to answer several research questions: Is there a disparity between the perception and actual contribution of foreign workers to the Croatian economy? Are foreign workers recognized by employers as an important resource for achieving planned business activity and productivity? Are foreign workers in Croatia most represented in sectors where there is a shortage of domestic labor, with the highest concentration in the industrial sector and counties where net wages are higher? Does the employment of foreign workers have a statistically significant impact on the development and sustainability of economic activity in Croatia
Comparison of two datasets on buildings in the Republic of Croatia
No full textCilj ovog rada bio je analizirati kvalitetu i razlike između dvaju izvora podataka o zgradama –službene Temeljne topografske baze (TTB) i otvorenih podataka iz OpenStreetMap-a (OSM). U radu se prikazuje važnost geoprostornih podataka i baze podataka u kojima se nalaze, s posebnim naglaskom na primjenu u prostornim analizama i upravljanju. Naglašena je uloga geoprostornih baza poput SpatiaLite-a, te važnost prostornog indeksiranja u SQL upitima. Analiza je provedena po županijama u Republici Hrvatskoj, pri čemu su uspoređeni položaji, obuhvat i geometrijska preciznost objekata u oba skupa podataka. Pritom je korišten niz GIS alata za obradu i usporedbu, uključujući prostorno preklapanje i izračun razlika površina. Identificirane su razlike između dva izvora i koji su uzroci tim razlikama. Također se raspravlja o primjeni i izazovima rezultata, a na kraju rada se iznose zaključci doneseni na osnovu dobivenih rezultata programskog zadatka.The aim of this paper was to analyze the quality and differences between two sources of building data – the official Topographical Database (TTB) and open data from OpenStreetMap (OSM). The paper presents the importance of geospatial data and the databases in which they are located, with a special emphasis on their application in spatial analysis and management. The role of geospatial databases such as SpatiaLite is emphasized, as well as the importance of spatial indexing in SQL queries. The analysis was conducted by counties in the Republic of Croatia, comparing the positions, coverage and geometric precision of objects in both data sets. A number of GIS tools were used for processing and comparison, including spatial overlap and calculation of area differences. The differences between the two sources and the causes of these differences were identified. The application and challenges of the results are also discussed, and at the end of the paper, conclusions drawn based on the results of the program task are presented