U.Porto - Revistas Cientificas
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Educação secundária e formação para o trabalho: Propostas e narrativas das recentes reformas dos sistemas educacionais espanhol e brasileiro
Get PDFThis article points out aspects of the recent Spanish educational reform related to secondary education, which coincides with the intentionality present in the Brazilian secondary education reform, and proposes a reflection on the relations between education and capital. This is not a comparative study but an effort to identify the propositions and justifications present in the two reforms that announce a common purpose of adapting the workforce to the new production and labour demands. In this process, the participation of private companies in educational systems decisions can be observed. In addition to the interests in public funds and in the adjustment of educational training to the purposes of capital, we seek to understand the intentions and mechanisms present in these reforms, according to the concepts of “segmentation” and “systematisation” presented by Ringer and Müller, when investigating some European countries secondary education implementation, in the context of industrialisation, pointing the binding between educational systems and interests of class maintaining and reproducing, through distinct and fragmented offers. The German system is the most relevant for this article because, despite the updates, maintains structural aspects and is also a reference for other European systems, including Spanish, discussed here.
Este artigo aponta aspectos da recente reforma educacional espanhola, relativos à educação secundária, que são coincidentes com orientações presentes na reforma do ensino médio brasileira, e propõe uma reflexão sobre as relações entre educação e capital. Não se trata de estudo comparativo, mas do esforço de identificação das proposições e justificativas presentes nas duas reformas que anunciam, em comum, o propósito de adequar a força de trabalho às novas demandas produtivas e laborais. Nesse processo, observa-se a participação efetiva do empresariado nas decisões sobre os sistemas educacionais. Para além dos interesses nos fundos públicos e no ajustamento da oferta formativa aos propósitos do capital, busca-se compreender intencionalidades e mecanismos presentes nas reformas, segundo os conceitos de “segmentação” e “sistematização” apresentados por Ringer e Müller. Ao investigarem o processo de implementação da educação secundária em países europeus no contexto de industrialização, os autores destacam a vinculação de sistemas educacionais aos interesses de manutenção e reprodução de classes, por meio de ofertas distintas e fragmentadas. Dos sistemas por eles estudados, destacamos o alemão, que é considerado uma referência para sistemas europeus, inclusive para o espanhol, aqui abordado.
Andar sem sair do sítio. A parede de trabalho: espaço de navegação gráfica.
Get PDFEste artigo é sobre a parede de trabalho no espaço do artista visual como um mapa de deambulação e orientação percetiva na produção de novas ideias. Pelas relações de proximidade e afinidade de imagens e diversos elementos no plano da parede, o olhar descreve movimentos e circuitos específicos referentes a diferentes etapas criativas. É nessa ação de deslocação que se procuram analogias entre etapas do processo criativo e formas de deslocação no território. A Deriva como uma movimentação distrativa e dispersiva, a Perseguição como uma demanda por uma solução e a Visita como o encontro com referências e imagens do passado. Organizar a parede como um mapa e olhar o conjunto, permite divagar pelas imagens e elementos como um modo de abordagem do processo criativo que remete para a deambulação na paisagem
Perimeter Series : Project, images and text
Get PDF"Como é que caminhar se pode traduzir num desenho de forma significativa? Como é que as viagens em tempo real podem ser transcritas para meios bidimensionais de comunicação? Perimeter é uma série de passeios traçados bem como um conjunto de instruções sobre como executar desenhos em escala macro.
Drawing Walking Fasai: Mapping the walking of a dog around a local neighbourhood
Get PDFO artigo apresenta um exercício de desenho referente à substituição do autor do passeio com o seu cão, chamado Fasai, por um caderno de esboços e respectivos desenhos. Para esse fim, repete a rotina diária do Fasai em torno de uma vila local. A isto, o autor chama exercício de mapeamento, a partir do qual procura determinar a marcação do território do cão como pontos nodais em movimento. Para ajudar a gravar a caminhada e permitir que uma série de oito desenhos seja vista em processo, o autor usa uma câmara de ação diante de seus olhos para captura de vídeo e grava as suas observações ao microfone. Coletivamente, o exercício gera material para discussão e reflexão que se explora no presente artigo. A atividade é realizada duas vezes, resultando em duas camadas de trabalho de cada um dos desenhos, dois vídeos, cada um com cerca de sessenta minutos de duração e duas gravações de voz. As transcrições que foram escritas das gravações de voz e as seções são mostradas juntamente com as capturas de tela mais relevantes dos vídeos. Tais transcrições indicam, por um lado, o grau de disfuncionalidade da fala, e sugerem reciprocamente a flutuação do autor entre dois tipos diferentes de foco de concentração. O autor discute a eficácia do desenho enquanto caminha e os tipos de perguntas que essa atividade suscita por referência a uma idéia particular de imagem do filósofo Henri Bergson, à fenomenologia de Merleau-Ponty e a uma idéia do olhar em tomada de decisão subjetiva pelo psicanalista Jacques Lacan. Tais referências estão ligadas através dos fenómenos, do movimento e do tempo que são parte integrante da atividade de desenhar enquanto caminha. O motivo pessoal do autor para o trabalho, desenho e escrita em conjunto, é comemorar a recente morte de Fasai
About the published content on each section: Integrating and reevaluating utopian ideas within different fields of study
Get PDFThe inaugural theme of scopio Magazine AAI – Vol. 1 centered around Utopia exploring this concept from various angles and perspectives in each section, which involved integrating and reevaluating utopian ideas within different fields of study.The separate sections in scopio allowed for investigating broader societal concerns, encouraging interdisciplinary discussions across realms such as Architecture, Public Space, Cities, Territories, Technology, Digital Media, Sustainable and Inclusive Environments, and Civic Engagement.Diving into the ‘Visual Spaces of Change’ section, we encounter James Smith’s “Temporal Dislocation”, a visual essay that masterfully navigates through the complex dialogue between destruction and renewal in our landscapes, both contemporary and historical, and the intricacies of activities evident within constructed environments. The photography series highlights the cyclicality of the natural world after human intervention and is driven by a significant phenomenological intent that bridges the gap between the photographer’s deliberate framing and the casual viewer’s passive encounter with these constructed landscapes. The photograph becomes a subtle language inviting viewers to reevaluate the ostensibly banal and ubiquitous.In the same section, Lorenzo Iannizzotto presents us with “Urban Wilderness: A Journey through Lisbon Terrain Vague”, a Visual Essay that embraces the fragmentary and uncertain nature of the spaces known as “Terrain Vague” or “Urban Voids”. The author uses photography as a means of urban exploration to gain insight into and describe these areas, and his visual essay depict these spaces in a haphazard and fragmentary manner, respecting in this way their inherent characteristics. In doing so, the work reveals the hidden beauty of those spaces and highlights the substantial potential they hold for the city.Rafaela Lima’s visual essay, “The Earth from Above: from Below,” in the ‘Image, Space, and Cinematics’ section, looks into the evolution of aerial imagery and its impact on surveillance and cartography. Initially, aerial perspective offered limited insight, but wartime needs and aeronautical advancements soon made it a pivotal reconnaissance and mapping tool. This shift not only enhanced terrain understanding but also spurred innovations in camouflage techniques, notably during World War II, as captured in Harun Farocki’s film “Images of the World and the Inscription of War.” The Pratt Institute of Art further advanced visual strategies by transforming aerial photos into three-dimensional concealment models. Today, advanced technologies enable comprehensive global surveillance, marking a profound transformation in how we visually and conceptually grasp the Earth from above. Lima’s series articulates this dramatic change, reflecting on our relationship with landscapes, from uncharted territories to meticulously surveilled environments.
The ‘Contemporary Archeology’ section presents an intriguing article “Techniques of Discovery: Cryptography and Design” by Roberto Bottazzi, which explores the link between cryptography’s historical methods and modern design practices, particularly in the digital and Machine Learning (ML) realms. He suggests that cryptography’s principles of encoding and decoding offer a conceptual framework for design, enhancing data abstraction and interpretation. Bottazzi draws parallels between historical cryptographic techniques, like Alberti’s and Bacon’s cyphers, and ML’s ability to decipher patterns from extensive datasets, emphasizing the shift in design thinking from form creation to strategic computational tool application. This essay positions ML models as contemporary embodiments of cryptographic logic, framing them as instrumental in navigating design complexities, thus pushing the boundaries of speculative design and innovation.In the section Landscapes of Care, Inês Osório writes the paper “Sense of Place: How Should We Think About Urban Planning Practices Today?” writes a comprehensive analysis into the evolution of urban planning in response to socio-technological and cultural shifts. The article challenges the architectural hegemony in urban space creation and urges reconsidering diverse spatial practices. Proposing a collision path between architecture and contemporary art, it views this nexus as crucial to redefining public space and urban territory. The paper advocates for a Bauhausian approach, integrating architecture, art, and design as a symbiotic urban design triad to foster a pluralistic dialogue and reimagine urban landscapes. The author suggests transcending conventional methodologies and encouraging an artistic contribution to urban regeneration, thereby enriching the experiential quality of urban environments.
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Trabalho, educação e cultura nas fronteiras entre o urbano e o campo
Get PDFThis article aims to reflect on the strategies aimed at the permanence and success of students undertaken by a state technical school designed for professional training in the countryside but physically located in an urban territory in the face of the challenges presented by its socio-spatial and cultural borders. The research carried out had an exploratory and descriptive character. A qualitative methodology was used for data collection and analysis, having analysed documents, carried out in loco observations and semi-structured and in-depth interviews. The director, the pedagogical supervisor, two teachers and two students from this agricultural technical school were heard. The results contribute to expanding knowledge on the subject, subsidising new studies, and supporting the management of school retention and success, anchored in cultural dimensions.Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as estratégias voltadas à permanência e êxito de alunos/as empreendidas por uma escola técnica estadual dedicada à formação profissional do campo, mas fisicamente localizada em território urbano, frente aos desafios apresentados por suas fronteiras socioespaciais e culturais. A pesquisa realizada teve caráter exploratório e descritivo. Utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa para a coleta e análise dos dados, tendo sido analisados documentos, realizadas observações in loco e entrevistas semiestruturadas e em profundidade. Foram ouvidos o diretor, a supervisora pedagógica, dois professores e dois alunos dessa escola técnica agrícola. Os resultados obtidos contribuem para o alargamento do conhecimento sobre o tema, subsidiar novos estudos a respeito e fundamentar as ações de gestão de permanência e êxito escolares, ancoradas em dimensões culturais
Foz Velha: The creation of an image of permanencies and transformations
Get PDFThe present proposal uses the television documentary Foz Velha (1975)1, from the series As Pedras e o Homem (1973-1976), produced by RTP (Rádiotelevisão Portuguesa2), as a means to understand the image that is linked to the territory of Foz Velha, in Foz do Douro (Porto). Aware of RTP’s will to promote culture and its ability to condition the viewer’s perception of a certain theme, object or space, we intend to analyse this phenomenon at Foz Velha in the aforementioned documentary, to which contribute the script, the selected shots, and the chosen soundtrack. This intermediality helps determining the sensorial and affective experience of the space. It is noteworthy that the study of this urban area has been focused on the architectural and urbanistic characterization that occurred during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, associated with the character of villeggiatura inherent to Foz, lacking a holistic view of the transformations that occurred from the second half of the twentieth century and the perception that is being linked to it. In this sense, the documentary will be analysed through the identification of the places filmed and the survey of associated architectural, urban and social characteristics, as these are pointed out both visually and discursively throughout the documentary, as well as considerations, which are made regarding what is considered to be authentic as opposed to contemporary practices. The existing heterogeneity of Foz Velha will also be characterised through the examination of existing typologies, the materials used, and the ornamental elements of the façades, as well as the size of the plots and urban transformations, displayed at different moments in the documentary. In this way, relationships can be established with the different moments of paradigm change in Foz. With the association of Foz Velha with the idea of an old town, marked by a devout community, with strong links to fishing practices, living a simple and serene domestic life, the documentary makes it possible to trace the profile of the area under study in the 1970s-80s, a period marked by radical urban change, understanding the buildings existing at the time and identifying typologies, materials and elements used. Through comparison with the present day, it is also possible to assess subsequent constructions and interventions in the buildings.The research also allows us to understand the perception of contemporary buildings as a poor quality architectural conception that de-characterizes the territory, justifying that «it is hurting the harmony of Foz Velha with awful buildings that mean nothing and care little or nothing to conserve the trait of local architecture»3 [00:12:43 - 00:12:58].
Cover image: Visual contrasts in Foz Velha, 1975 (Source: Arquivo RTP. Caria, José, dir. As Pedras e o Homem: Foz Velha [documentary, digital]. Portugal: RTP, 1975, 00:13:50
The Infrastructural Sublime: The Spectacle of Dams as a Catalyst for Environmental Consciousness
No full textDams in the Swiss Alps are at once engineering marvels, dramatic man-made artefacts, crucial nodes in far-reaching infrastructural systems, and destructive interventions in alpine ecosystems. The essay explores the contradictory nature of dams in the Swiss Alps through the author’s photographs and the experience of the infrastructural sublime. By focusing on the coming together of rockface and cast concrete shell within the images, the dams appear as distinct naturecultures interwoven with the flows and forces of the alpine landscape. Using the sublime as a lens to describe the aesthetic experience, the essay proposes the possibility of gaining environmental consciousness and humility of the vast impact of dams, through the encounter of the infrastructural sublime.
Cover image: Lars Rolfsted Mortensen, Dixence I from the series “Infra/Super/Structure”, 2017, 128 x 160cm inkjet prin
Caminhar e desenhar como síntese da paisagem: a linguagem do desenho como processo de síntese no ensino da arquitectura paisagista
Get PDFEste texto surge de um exercício interdisciplinar feito com a turma do primeiro ano de Arquitectura Paisagista da Universidade de Évora no ano lectivo de 2015-16. Enquanto docentes de Fundamentos de Arquitectura Paisagista e Desenho I – Paula Simões e Susana Mendes Silva – propuseram à turma um percurso pedestre da Praça do Giraldo ao Alto de São Bento para a compreensão através de exercícios de desenho de síntese, da paisagem em que a cidade de Évora se inscreve.
Ao longo do percurso, que durou um dia, importou vivenciar as idiossincrasias e a escala dos vários espaços, as transformações da paisagem, bem como entender o desenho enquanto ferramenta para experienciar e pensar sobre o que nos rodeia. Quisemos também introduzir a relação que se desenvolve entre o acto de desenhar e a necessária capacidade de síntese dos elementos ecológicos, culturais, estéticos, patrimoniais, sociais, económicos e sensoriais que se pede que o/a arquitecto/a paisagista saiba ver, sentir, ler e interpretar na paisagem
An Ideal for Living
Get PDF\u27An Ideal for Living\u27 explores the intersection of photography and computer-generated imagery (CGI) in depicting the future of urban life. It specifically examines London\u27s ongoing urban redevelopment, highlighting how architecture is shaped as both a visual story and a construction process. This project blurs the lines between CGI and traditional photography, capturing the city\u27s transformation during this period of change. The resulting images draw from architectural and advertising photography, combining reality with simulation, preserving the present while projecting future aspirations. They convey the pristine novelty of new buildings while hinting at the inevitable effects of time. \u27An Ideal for Living\u27 seeks to archive a simulated memory of the city\u27s evolving landscape.
Cover image: An Ideal for Living