European Journal of Medical and Health Research
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Endoscopic Management of Migrated Teeth in the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses: Clinical Experience with 20 Cases
Full text linkObjective: This study presents a ten-year retrospective overview of the clinical outcomes associated with endoscopic removal of intranasal teeth, based on a case series of twenty consecutive patients.Methods: A retrospective review was conducted using medical records of twenty patients who underwent endoscopic intranasal tooth extraction at Baghdad Medical City between 2010 and 2020.Results: All patients experienced complete resolution of their initial symptoms and uneventful postoperative recovery. The follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 10 years, with an average duration of 6 years and 3 months. Among the extracted teeth, 11 were supernumerary, while 9 were ectopic permanent canines.Conclusions: Based on our clinical experience, endoscopic extraction of intranasal teeth provides excellent surgical control, enhanced illumination, and precise visualization. This technique allows for safe and accurate dissection with minimal trauma. We recommend the routine use of rigid nasal endoscopy for the management of intranasal ectopic or supernumerary teeth
Exam Stress and Emotional Eating among Lebanese University Students: A Correlational Study
Full text linkBackground: Integrating university students into an academic environment can be intense, with significant intellectual and emotional challenges. Stress, particularly during exam periods, plays a crucial role in students' eating habits, often influencing their food choice through mechanisms such as emotional eating.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 700 students aged 18 to 25 years in Lebanon, using online questionnaires to assess perceived stress using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and emotional eating behaviors with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). Data were analyzed to identify correlations between stress and emotional eating.Results: A significant positive correlation was observed between levels of perceived stress and increased emotional eating, with marked differences depending on participants' gender and field of study. This trend highlights the concerning impact of academic stress on students' food choices, including an increased prevalence of emotional eating among women and those studying in demanding disciplines like health sciences and engineering.Conclusion: This research contributes to the understanding of the complex links between academic stress and emotional eating behaviors among university students in Lebanon. To improve the mental and physical health of students, it is essential to implement tailored educational and support initiatives aimed at reducing stress and promoting balanced dietary choices in learning environments
Subphrenic Abscess as an Atypical Presentation of Peptic Ulcer Perforation
Full text linkSubphrenic abscesses are rare but serious complications of gastrointestinal perforations, often presenting with nonspecific symptoms that delay diagnosis. Posteriorly located or small duodeno-gastric ulcers may be contained by adjacent tissues, leading to localized abscess formation rather than diffuse peritonitis. CT imaging is key to diagnosis, while percutaneous drainage is the preferred treatment but the surgery may be needed to treat the cause. Identifying and managing the underlying cause, such as a small perforated ulcer, is essential
A Case Report of Penetrating Head Injury to a Non-Trauma Centre
Full text linkPenetrating head injuries have high morbidity and mortality rates with resultant debilitating neurological deficit for survivors. Most of these patients present to Level A trauma centres with comprehensive tertiary care facilities, however some of these patients could present as “walk-ins” to a regional non-trauma centre. This could be the case in a regional, district, urban hospital like ours. Deliberate acts of violence among youths could result in penetrating head injury with a machete. Early clinical and neuroradiological assessment to identify and prevent life-threatening complications is vital
Epidemiological Profiles of Rotavirus and Norovirus in Pediatric Acute Gastroenteritis
Full text linkBackground: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is the common reason for morbidity in children across the globe. Historically, rotavirus was the main cause of this burden, but the epidemiological landscape has changed with vaccine introduction. Recently, norovirus and other pathogens may be on the rise. Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2024 to January 2025. Stool samples were collected from 980 children under five years of age who presented with acute gastroenteritis. Samples were screened for rotavirus and norovirus using the rapid chromatographic immunoassay test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed to identify risk factors and compare disease severity using the Vesikari scoring system. Results: Out of the 980 children, 220 (22.5%) tested positive for norovirus, 194 (19.8%) for rotavirus, and 40 (4.1%) had a co-infection. Norovirus was the most frequently detected single pathogen. The highest prevalence for both viruses was in the 12–23 month age group. Norovirus infections peaked in the autumn and winter months, whereas rotavirus cases were concentrated in the late winter and early spring. Clinically, rotavirus infections were associated with a significantly higher mean Vesikari score (14.8 vs. 12.5, p < 0.01), longer duration of diarrhea (5.8 days vs. 4.5 days, p < 0.05), and a higher rate of severe dehydration (56% vs. 32%, p < 0.01) compared to norovirus. Conclusion: Norovirus had been the predominant cause of viral AGE in this pediatric cohort post-rotavirus vaccine era, but rotavirus continued to be associated with greater disease severity. Altogether, these results indicated that norovirus causes a large disease burden and support the continued development and eventual implementation of a norovirus vaccine
Red Blood Cell Indices beyond Haemoglobin Show Limited Utility for Iron Deficiency Detection in Bangladeshi Adult Women: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study
No full textBackground: Anaemia in women remains a major health concern in lowincome countries like Bangladesh. It puts at risk the well-being of women of childbearing age and hinders progress toward achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. For treating anemia, injectable iron supplements are inexpensive, efficient, and have a quicker onset of action. However, administering it without confirming iron status may result in iron overload. Although red blood cell (RBC) indices are often used as surrogate markers for iron status, their diagnostic accuracy remains controversial. Objective: The goal of our study is to assess whether RBC indices alone can reliably predict iron deficiency, with the aim of reducing the cost of iron profiling and guiding safe parenteral iron supplementation, so that anaemia can be prevented at the root level at an affordable cost. Methods: The study included Bangladeshi adult women attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital. After evaluating inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients with clinical anaemia (evidenced by pallor or glossitis) were enrolled. Results: Among 130 women, 83 (63.8%) had transferrin saturation or TSAT < 20 %. Haemoglobin (Hb), out of all the complete‑blood‑count (CBC) indices, showed the strongest correlation with TSAT (ρ = 0.55, p < 0.001). Although RBC count and MCV differed modestly between groups, adding these and other indices to Hb did not improve discrimination. Cross-validated AUC fell from 0.714 (Hb only) to 0.644 (Hb + four indices). Sensitivity increased marginally, but specificity declined, resulting in more false positives. Conclusion: Hb may be adequate for correctly determining iron deficiency in Bangladeshi women. The low price of CBC (about 400 BDT) compared with TSAT assessments (about 1,000-2,200 BDT) makes it a cost-effective initial screening tool. However, biochemical testing (TSAT or ferritin) is still required for diagnostic certainty, especially when iron overload is suspected
Male Nurses in Lebanon: Roles and Challenges in a Female-Dominated Field
No full textBackground: The nursing profession, historically feminized, remains marked by gender stereotypes that influence the perception of male nurses, particularly in societies where traditional roles are predominant, such as in Lebanon. This study aims to explore the perceptions, challenges, and contributions of male nurses in Lebanese hospitals. Methodology: The study is based on a quantitative approach through a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted among 120 male nurses working in public and private hospitals in Lebanon. Data collection was carried out via an online questionnaire distributed using the snowball sampling method. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: The results show that most participants experienced obstacles related to gender stereotypes when choosing their profession, and the majority believe they face more difficulties than their female counterparts. The identified challenges include difficulty integrating into predominantly female teams, interactions with female patients, and lack of recognition or advancement opportunities. Furthermore, most participants consider that male nurses make a unique contribution to nursing care, particularly in managing physically demanding situations and enhancing the dynamics of mixed-gender teams. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for better inclusion of male nurses in the field of nursing in Lebanon. It recommends awareness-raising actions to break stereotypes, training on diversity and inclusion, as well as the promotion of male role models within the profession
Spectrum of Congenital Heart Diseases in Children: A Single Private Hospital Experience in Baghdad, Iraq
No full textBackground: Congenital heart diseases remain the most prevalent birth malformations worldwide, with a rate of approximately 8-10 per 1000 live births. Literature about the spectrum and characteristics of congenital heart disease in Iraqi children is limited . Objective: To investigate the spectrum, clinical presentation, and outcomes of congenital heart diseases in children who presented to a Private Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, in a five-year period .Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed examining all medical records of children diagnosed with congenital heart disease in the period between January 2019 through December 2023 [n=847]. Collected data consisted of the demographics, types of congenital heart disease, associated congenital anomalies, clinical presentation, and outcomes of the patients . Results: A total of 847 children with congenital heart disease were included with a male predominance [54.2%]. Ventricular septal defect was the most common diagnosis [28.3%] followed by atrial septal defect [19.7%] and patent ductus arteriosus [15.4%]. Eighteen-point-five percent of the cohort was categorized as having complex congenital heart disease. The study showed a 6.7% mortality rate with a predilection for mortality related to complex congenital heart disease and in the neonatal period . Conclusion: The spectrum of congenital heart disease in this population in Baghdad shows an analogous distribution to other international data, with septal defects being the most identified clinical conditions. Early identification of congenital heart disease and delivery of appropriate interventions remains imperative in achieving a favorable outcome
The Impact of Probiotics Treatment in the Therapy of Ulcerative Colitis in Najaf City
No full textBackground: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease marked by relapsing colonic inflammation and impaired quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota play a key role in disease pathogenesis, and probiotics may offer therapeutic benefits by restoring microbial balance. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of oral probiotic supplementation in patients with mild to moderate UC in Najaf City. Methods: A single-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted involving 87 adult UC patients. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: the intervention group received a daily oral probiotic supplement (25 x10*9 CFU of 10 strains) alongside standard UC therapy, while the control group received a placebo with the same standard treatment. The treatment duration was 8 weeks. Clinical effectiveness was assessed using the Mayo Disease Activity Index (MDAI), and changes were evaluated before and after treatment. Results: Baseline demographic and clinical features were comparable between the two groups except for gender distribution. After 8 weeks, the probiotics group showed significantly better outcomes: higher rates of clinical remission (P = 0.009), more cases shifting to mild disease, and fewer cases remaining moderate compared to placebo. Within the probiotics group, there was a significant reduction in rectal bleeding, stool frequency, physician global assessment (PGA), and mucosal scores (P < 0.0001). Between-group comparison post-treatment also showed superior outcomes in the probiotics group across most parameters. Conclusion: Probiotic therapy significantly improved clinical symptoms and disease activity in UC patients, supporting its role as a safe and effective adjunct to standard treatment
Simultaneous Occurrence of Sweet Syndrome and Necrobiosis Lipoidica in Patient with Several Cancers
No full textAcute neutrophilic dermatosis, also known as Sweet syndrome, is a rare disorder that can arise from various etiologies, and in some cases, remains idiopathic. Malignancy-associated Sweet syndrome is uncommon and is often misdiagnosed for years before the correct diagnosis is established. Necrobiosis lipoidica is an inflammatory granulomatous skin disorder often associated with diabetes mellitus, but it may also occur in patients with hypertension, thyroid disease, other inflammatory conditions, or even in otherwise healthy individuals. Rare associations with malignancy have also been described. We report the case of a 64-year-old male presenting with the simultaneous occurrence of Sweet syndrome and Necrobiosis lipoidica on the background of pulmonal and bladder cancer. Infectious, drug-induced, and inflammatory etiologies of the disease were excluded as possible inductors. Routine investigations revealed a pulmonary tumor, alongside a past medical history of low-grade urothelial papillary carcinoma. The presence of multiple neoplasias was considered as the most likely causative factor for the exacerbation of Sweet syndrome